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Reproductive System > Male Anatomy > Flashcards

Male Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main parts of the male reproductive system?

A 
Testes
Penis
Seminal vesicle 
Vas deferens 
Epididymis
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2
Q

What are the layers of the testis?

A

Tunica vaginalis

  • parietal layer
  • cavity
  • visceral layer

Tunica albuginea

Seminiferous tubules

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3
Q

What is a hydrocele?

A

Cavity of the tunica vaginalis fills with fluid

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4
Q

What arteries supply the testis?

A

Testicular artery + branches of cremasteric

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5
Q

What veins drain the testis?

A

Pampiniform plexus -> testicular vein

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6
Q

What lymph nodes do the testis drain to?

A

Lumbar + para-aortic

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7
Q

What is the path of sperm through the testis?

A

Produced by Sertoli cells in seminiferous tubules

Pass through rete testis

Pass though efferent vesicles into head of epididymis

Passes through epididymis

Enters vas deferens

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8
Q

What are the main cell types in the seminiferous tubules?

A

Sertoli

Leydig

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9
Q

What is the role of Sertoli cells?

A

Support maturation of spermatozoa

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10
Q

Where are Sertoli cells found?

A

Lining the seminiferous tubules

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11
Q

What is the role of Leydig cells?

A

Produce testosterone

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12
Q

What are the layers of the spermatic cord?

A

External spermatic fascia
Cremasteric fascia
Internal spermatic fasica

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13
Q

What are the 3 arteries found in the spermatic cord?

A

Testicular artery - internal
Vas artery - internal
Cremasteric artery - cremaster

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14
Q

What 3 veins are found in the spermatic cord?

A

Pampiniform plexus - internal
Vas vein - internal
Cremasteric vein - cremaster

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15
Q

What 3 nerves are found in the spermatic cord?

A

Vas nerve - internal
Cremasteric nerve - cremaster
Ilioinguinal nerve - outside spermatic cord

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16
Q

What other structures are found in the spermatic cord?

A

Vas deferens

Lymph nodes

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17
Q

What is the action of the cremasteric muscle?

A

Controls height of testis - maintain temp

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18
Q

What are the layers of the scrotum?

A

Skin
Dartos muscle
Spermatic cord

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19
Q

What is the action of the dartos muscle?

A

Wrinkles skin to prevent heat loss

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20
Q

What arteries supply the scrotum?

A

Anterior scrotal - from external pudendal

Posterior scrotal - from internal pudendal

21
Q

What veins drain the scrotum?

A

Anterior + posterior scrotal veins

Drain into external pudendal vein

22
Q

What lymph nodes drain the scrotum?

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

23
Q

What are the areas of the prostate?

A

Peripheral zone
Central zone
Transitional zone
Anterior region

24
Q

What area of the prostate does cancer tend to occur?

A

Peripheral zone

25
Q

What area of the prostate does BPH tend to affect?

A

Transitional zone

26
Q

What artery supplies the prostate?

A

Prostatic artery - from internal iliac

27
Q

What vein drains the prostate?

A

Prostatic venous plexus - drains into internal iliac vein

28
Q

What are the different ejaculatory ducts?

A

Prostate
Seminal vesicle
Bulbourethral

29
Q

What does the prostate produce?

A

Prostatic enzymes

30
Q

What is the function of prostatic enzymes?

A

Break down clotting factor

Ensure semen remains liquid

31
Q

What does the seminal vesicle produce?

A

Alkaline fluid
Fructose
Prostaglandins

32
Q

What is the function of the alkaline fluid?

A

Neutralise male urethra + vagina

33
Q

What is the function of the fructose?

A

Energy for spermatozoa

34
Q

What is the function of prostaglandins?

A

Suppress female immune response

35
Q

What is the bulbourethral gland also known as?

A

Cowper’s gland

36
Q

What does the bulbourethral gland produce?

A

Glycoproteins

37
Q

What is the function of glycoproteins?

A

Expel urine

Lubrication

38
Q

What are the parts of the penis?

A

Root
- fixed in superficial perineal pouch

Body
- suspended from pubic symphysis

Glans

  • expansion of corpus spongiosum
  • contains external urethral sphincter
39
Q

Where does the neurovascular bundle lie in the glans?

A

On the dorsal surface

40
Q

What makes up the neurovascular bundle in the penis?

A

Dorsal nerve
Dorsal artery
Deep dorsal vein

41
Q

What are the 2 tissue types in the penis?

A

Corpus spongiosum

Corpus cavernosum

42
Q

Where does the corpus spongiosum lie?

A

Around urethra

43
Q

Where does the corpus cavernosum lie?

A

Either side of the urethra

44
Q

Which tissue is the erectile tissue?

A

Corpus cavernosum

45
Q

What arteries supply the penis?

A

Dorsal artery
Cavernous artery
Bulbourethral artery

All originate from internal pudendal

46
Q

What is the nerve supply to the penis?

A

S2-4

Pudendal = sensory + sympathetic

Periprostatic plexus = parasympathetic

47
Q

What is the function of the penis?

A

Expulsion of urine

Deposition of sperm in female genital tract

48
Q

How is an erection initiated?

A

Parasympathetic stimulation leads to vasodilation in penile arterioles and compression of veins results in erection

Reproductive System (22 decks)

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