Pelvic anatomy Flashcards
Which structures are a hydrocele found
Parietal and visceral layers of tunica vaginalis
If there is a rupture of the urethra where membranous meets bulbar where does the urine go
Anteriorly into connective tissue surrounding scrotum
Roots supplying external anal sphincter
S2,3,4- from inferior rectal
Keeps poo off the floor
Nerves damaged on left sided colonic resections
Parasympathetic plexus
Impaired detrusor contraction
Where does the membranous and prostatic urethra drain
Internal iliac
Where does bulbar urethra drain
Glans- deep inguinal
Skin- superficial
Crura- to internal
Which veins drain which haemorrhoids
Internal hemorrhoids drain through the superior rectal vein into the portal system.
External hemorrhoids drain through the inferior rectal vein into internal pudendal and into the inferior vena cava.
First bit of resistance when inserting catheter in male
Membranous
Due to external sphincter
Contents of deep peroneal pouch
External Urethral sphincter
Deep Transversus perinei
Dorsal nerve of penis, muscular branches of the perineal nerve
Deep and dorsal arteries of penis, stem of origin of artery to the bulb of penis, urethral artery
Location of deep and superficial peroneal pouch
Deep - between peroneal membrane and deep fascia of pelvic floor
Superficial- peroneal membrane and superficial perineal fascia
Content of superficial peroneal pouch
Erectile tissues that form the penis and clitoris- corpa cavernosum and spongiosum
three muscles – the ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus and superficial transverse perineal muscles.
The greater vestibular glands (Bartholin’s glands) are also located in the superficial perineal pouch
Posterior scrotal artery and nerve
In females the internal pudendal artery branches to become the posterior labial arteries in the superficial perineal pouch.
Lymphatics of urethra
Glans- deep inguinal
Prostatic, membranous- internal illiac
Blood supply of urethra
Prostatic- inferior vesicle
Membranous urethra – supplied by the bulbourethral artery (branch of the internal pudendal artery)
Penile urethra – supplied directly by branches of the internal pudendal artery.
Autonomic nerves and plexus of abdomen and pelvis, their origin and what they supply
Abdo
Symp
T5-9 - Greater splanchnic nerve - Coeliac plexus- Foregut
T10-11- Lesser SN- SM plexus- midgut
T12- Least SN- aorticorenal- renal and adrenals
L1-3- Lumbar- Inf M plexus - Hindgut
Para- Vagus- all up to end of midgut
Pelvic splanchnic- Hindgut (via inf Hypogastric)
Pelvis
Symp- Sacral splanchnic- Hypogastric plexus - hypogastric nerve (bladder), pudendal (penis)
Para- pelvic splanchnic (via inf hypogastric plexus)
Where is penile urethra situated, what surrounds it
Located in bulb of penis
Corpus spongiosum surrounds it
Function of bulbospongiosum and ischiocavernosum
Bulbospongiosum - in males to empty urethra
-In females, it helps to empty the greater vestibular glands by constricting the vaginal orifice. The anterior fibers compress the deep dorsal vein of clitoris, facilitating the erection of this structure.
Ischiocavernosus - maintain erection by forcing blood into corpus cavenosum
Compressing deep dorsal vein of penis
Vestible glands of female
Greater- Bartholin- inf/post portion
Lesser- Skene - super/ant
Pudendal nerve route
Greater sciatic then lesser
After travels through Alocks canal with pudendal artery and vein
Which is formed by obturator interns fascia
Most important ligament for supporting uterus
Central perineal tendon- damage can cause prolapse
Which muscle is the pudendal canal inferior to
Obturator internus
What will happen in nerves by IMA are damaged in high anterior resection
Impaired contraction of detrusor
Para damage
Lymphatic drainage of female urethra
Internal iliac
Main drainage of bladder
vesicoprostatic plexus
Initial location of the metanephric cap from which the kidney is derived
Medial to uteric bud in the pelvis
