Peds Flashcards
What does the APGAR score describe?
determines the Immediate respiratory needs of the child when born. Appearance Pulse Grimmace Activity Respiratory drive
A score of 8-10 is considered normal.
When is a baby able to lift its head when prone?
3 months
When is a baby able to roll over?
6 months
When is a baby able to sit up?
9 months
When is a baby able to stand and cruise around?
12 months
When is a baby able to walk?
14 months
When is a baby able to use words?
15-18 months
When is a baby able to combine words?
18-21 months
When is a baby able to develop a propulsive gait?
36 months
How long should a splint be kept on in relation to a cast?
When casting has been employed for a soft tissue correction.
The splint should be worn for twice as long.
What is the difference between the ganely splint and the denis-browne bar?
Same indications however, the Denis Browne bar allows for some forefoot to rearfoot control.
What is the denis-browne bar utilized to treat?
Metatarsus adductus
Pes planovalgus
What is a fillauer bar?
The exact same thing as a Denis-Browne Bar except it clamps to the soles of the patients shoes.
Requires rigid soled shoes for attachment.
What is a Unibar?
the same as a denis-Browne bar but it has a ball and socket joint beneath the foot allowing for varus positioning preventing STJ/MTJ subluxation and eliminating the need to prebend the bar.
What type of shoe is used to maintain the ponsetti correction?
The Bebax shoe
Used to treat forefoot to rearfoot abnormalities such as metatarsus adductus.
What is the Wheaton brace used to treat?
Used to treat metatarsus adductus.
Used as an alternative to serial casting for met adductus.
Can be paired with a system above the knee to prevent twisting of the femur or hip.
What are twister cables used for?
Cables worn under the clothes that help to prevent abduction in heel strike for patients that have cerebral palsy.
What is the friedman counter splint or flexosplint sued for?
A dynamic splint consisting of a belt around the posterior heels allowing motion in all planes except internal rotation indicated for internal tibial torsion.
Lewin disease
Distal tibial apophysitis
Ritter disease
Proximal fibular head
What is Treve disease?
AVN of the fibular sesamoid
What is Assmans disease?
Osteochondrosis of the head of the first metatarsal.
What is ortalinis sign?
With the baby put into supine the hips and knees are flexed to 90 degrees.
the hips are examined one at a time grasping the thigh with middle finger over greater trochanter and lifting/abducting the thigh while stabilizing the pelvis and opposite leg with the other hand.
The test is positive whena palpable click is felt ans the femoral head is made to enter the acetabulum.
What is the Barlow sign?
Baby is placed in supine with the hips and knees flexed.
With the thumb on the lesser trochanter in the groin and the middle finger of the same hand on the greater trochanter laterally, gently apply pressure down on the knee while simultaneously applying lateral pressure with the thumb.
The dislocated hip then becomes displaced with a palpable clunk as the head slips over the posterior aspect of the acetabulum.
This actively dislocates an unstable hip!**
What does the anchor sign tell you?
It tells you the peds patient has a dislocated hip.
Have the baby lying prone and straighten both legs.
If the gluteal folds dont match there will be more folds on the dislocated side.
What is the Galeazzi sign?
With the patient supine and both legs flexed, look for one knee being lower than the other in height.
Beatson and PEarson assessment for club foot
Add the talar calcaneal angles from both the AP and lateral views.
If they combine to less than 40 the foot is clubbed.
Describe congenital vertical talus
A condition in which the talus is plantarflexed so severely
Navicular dislocates dorsally
Forefoot becomes abducted and dorsiflexed at the MTJ
Calcaneus moves into valgus and equinus
Foot may actually touch the anterior tibia.
rigidity is hallmark!! TA becomes contracted and the spring ligament is elongated.
Describe the radiographic test for vertical talus
Two lateral projections are taken.
One with the foot forecefully plantarlfexed proving that the TN relationship remains unchanged.
