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Stuff and Thangs > BR medicine > Flashcards

BR medicine Flashcards

1
Q

What is Leriches syndrome?

A

Impotence with buttock, calf, and back pain.

Seen with aortoiliac disease

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2
Q

Define hypertensive emergency

A

Diastolic pressure over 115 mmHg

With proven end organ damage.

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3
Q

What is levedo reticularis?

A

A bluish red discoloration of the skin resulting from vasospasm of the arterioles.

condition is worsened by the cold.

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4
Q

You hear normal ventilation with decreased perfusion what should you be thinking?

A

Pulmonary embolism causing a decreased perfusion of oxygen from the lungs into the blood flow.

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5
Q

What is the gold standard for DVT diagnosis?

A

Use to be a venogram.

Venous duplex ultrasound is quickly becoming the new gold standard.

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6
Q

What is the gold standard for PE diagnosis?

A

Pulmonary angiography?

CT pulmonary angiography has now become the gold standard.

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7
Q

What percentage of postoperative fvers are caused by atelectasis?

A

90%

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8
Q

Why does post operative atelectasis matter so much?

A

If it proceeds for longer than 72 hours it can lead to pneumonia increasing mortality rates.

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9
Q

Why dont you want to place a COPD patient on high flow oxygen?

A

You supress the hypoxic ventilatory drive.

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10
Q

What are the side effects of treating tuberculosis with isoniazid?

A

Neuropathy ***

Lupus like syndrome
Hepatitis
Anion gap acidosis

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11
Q

Erythema nodosum is most commonly related to?

A

Most commonly related to GI pathology including irritable bowel syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis, uveitis etc.

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12
Q

Most common cause of hypophosphatemia?

A

Renal disease!

Chronic and acute

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13
Q

Signs and symptoms of adrenal insufficiency?

A

Hyper pigmentation
orthostatic hypotension
Weakness/fatigue etc.

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14
Q

How long must a generalized tonic-clonic seizure last without a period of consiousness to be considered status epilepticus?

A

30 minutes!

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15
Q

Pseudohypertrophy of the calves is characteristic of which type of muscular dystrophy?

A

Duchennes muscular dystrophy.

Hypertrophy is caused by fatty infitrate of the muscles.

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16
Q

What is the most common presenting symptom of multiple sclerosis?

A

Optic neuritis

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17
Q

After penicillin what is the most common cause of anaphylaxis related deaths?

A

Insect stings!

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18
Q

What is Lhermitte sign in ankylosing spondylitis?

A

Seen with rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis as well.
A sensation of electric shock that radiates down the back when the neck is flexed.
This is a sign that atlantoaxial subluxation and C-spine instability may be present.

19
Q

SLE, Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis are related to what cardiac condition?

A

Pericarditis.

20
Q

A patient who cannot walk on his or her toes has a lesion in which spinal level?

A

S1

21
Q

A patient with back pain who cannot walk on there heels has a lesion at which spinal level?

A

L5

22
Q

Below what platelet count is spontaneous hemorrhage likely to occur?

A

<10,000 mm3

23
Q

What is the only coagulation factor not synthesized by hepatocytes?

A

8

Made by the liver sinusoidal cells.

24
Q

Max dose of antidote protamine sulfate?

A

100mg

1mg will correcct 100 units of heparin

25
Q

Why are quinolones contraindicated in children?

A

Have a negative effect on chrondrocytes.

26
Q

Absent knee jerk involves which slinal level

A

L4

27
Q

Absent achilles tendon involves which spinal level?

A

S1

28
Q

Parasthesias of the great toe involve which spinous level?

A

L5

29
Q

Parasthesias of the little toe involve which spinous level?

A

S1

30
Q

What is Brudzinkis sign?

A

Check for meningitis, flexion of the neck causes flexion of the knees.

31
Q

What is the minimal rate of blood flow necessary to produce an audible signal?

A

4 cm/sec

32
Q

What pressure difference between segmental pumps is considered pathologic?

A

20-30 mmHg

33
Q

Which heart valve is most commonly effected in IV drug users?

A

Tricuspid

34
Q

What additional heart sound is heard in patients undergoing an MI?

A

S4 atrial gallop

35
Q

What blood marker rises and falls most rapidly following an MI?

A

Creatinine phosphokinase

36
Q

What is the most specific cardiac marker to trend after an MI?

A

LActic dehydrogenase (LDH)

It is also used as an index of myocardial necrosis.

37
Q

What are the two forms of hypertension and which is most common?

A

Essential hypertension: unknown cause and most common

Secondary hypertension

38
Q

Hypochromia and microcytosis are morphological findings in which type of anemia?

A

Iron deficiency anemia.

39
Q

Which anemia can have neurologic manifestations?

A

Anemia due to Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause peripheral neuropathy, posterolateral column degeneration and behavioral changes.

Megaloblastic anemia.

40
Q

What is polycythemia vera?

A

A neoplastic myeloproliferative disorder with red cell proliferation and variable degree of thrombocytosis and leukocytosis.

Majority of symptoms due to hyperviscosity of the blood.

41
Q

What causes hemophilia A?

A

Bleeding disorder due to an inherited deficiency in vonwillibrand factor 8

ONLY MEN ARE EFFECTED this is transferred through a sex linked recessive pattern.

42
Q

What is the deficient plasma coagulant protein in Christmas disease?

A

Hemophilia B

Deficient in factor 9

43
Q

What platelet count is considered thrombocytopenic?

A

<150,000

Stuff and Thangs (37 decks)

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