Pedigrees

Question 1

What do the circle and square symbols represent in a pedigree?

Answer 1

Circle– female

Square– male

Question 2

A shaded shape indicated that a _________ is present.

Answer 2

–trait

Question 3

A half shaded shape indicates a _____________.

Answer 3

– carrier

Question 4

True or False–

Horizontal lines connecting male and females represents siblings.

Answer 4

False, represents marriage

Question 5

Vertical lines are used to link ____________ to ____________.

Answer 5

Parents to offspring

Question 6

What are the two steps in interpreting a pedigree?

Answer 6

1. Determine if the pedigree chart shows an autosomal or sex-linked disease
2. Determine whether the disorder is dominant or recessive

Question 7

How do you determine if the disease in the pedigree is autosomal or sex-linked disease?

Answer 7

If most of the males in the pedigree are affected the disorder is sex-linked

Question 8

If it is a ________ ratio between males and females the disorder is ____________.

Answer 8

50/50 ; autosomal

Question 9

If the disorder is ________, one of the parents must have the disorder.

Answer 9

Dominant

Question 10

If the disorder is recessive, neither parent has to have the disorder because they can be _____________.

Answer 10

Heterozygous

Question 11

A blending of traits–

Answer 11

Incomplete dominance

Question 12

True or False

Two alternative forms of a gene that are both dominant resulting in a blending of traits is called incomplete dominance.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

In incomplete dominance, they are ALWAYS __________ dominant.

Answer 13

Homozygous

Question 14

Two forms of a gene contribute to the phenotype–

Answer 14

Codominance

Question 15

Traits for which there are more than two forms of a particular gene–

Answer 15

Multiple alleles

Question 16

What the alleles for blood?

Answer 16

I^A ; I^B ; i^O

Question 17

What are the phenotypes for 
AA or AO-
BB or BO-
AB-
OO-

Answer 17

AA or AO- A
BB or BO- B
AB- AB
OO- O

Question 18

A chart which shows the relationships within a family and how traits are transmitted through generations

Answer 18

Pedigrees

Question 19

circles =

Answer 19

female

Question 20

squares =

Answer 20

male

Question 21

shaded circle/square =

Answer 21

represents the trait

Question 22

half-shaded circle/square =

Answer 22

represents a carrier

Question 23

horizontal lines =

Answer 23

represent marraige

Question 24

vertical lines =

Answer 24

connects parent to offspring

Question 25

if most the males(squares) in the pedigree are affected, then what disease do they have?

Answer 25

sex-linked

Question 26

if it is a 50/50 ratio between both men/women, then what is the disorder/disease?

Answer 26

autosomal

Question 27

if its dominant, one or both parents must have the disorder -

Answer 27

one

Question 28

if its recessive, one or neither parents have to have it -

Answer 28

neither

Question 29

family trees that explain your genetic history -

Answer 29

pedigrees

Question 30

also called blended inheritance -

Answer 30

incomplete dominance

Question 31

blended -

Answer 31

incomplete dominance

Question 32

speckled -

Answer 32

Codominance

Question 33

``` example: Red+White = Pink R=red W=white RW=pink Is this an example of Codominance or incomplete dominance ```

Answer 33

incomplete dominance

Question 34

``` example: B+W = BW B=black W=white BW=speckled what is this example of, incomplete dominance or Codominance? ```

Answer 34

Codominance

Question 35

more than two forms of a particular gene

Answer 35

multiple alleles