Pediatrics Flashcards
malignant tumor of postganglionic sympathetic neurons in adrenal madulla common in children <5 myoclonic jerks chaotic eye movements diarrhea
neuroblastoma
workup neuroblastoma
palpable abdominal mass
tumor biopsy
CT or MRI
boen scan
primary renal tumor in children
nephroblastoma/wilms tumor
causes of encephalitis
CMV HIV polio rabies Listeria, TB, syphillis
workup encephalopahty
brain biopsy CBC glucose HSV viral cultures of CSF CT/MRI
tx encephalopathy
acyclovir for HSV
Doxy for Ricketsia
benign childhood condition with slapped cheek appearence
erythema infectiosum/Fifths disease
meningitis workup
viral: increased CSF protein increased csf leukocytes normal CSF glucose gram stain negative
bacterial: decreased glucose
positive gram stain
paramyxovirus
fever, headache, bilateral parotitis
increased amylase
Mumps
workup for pertussis
clinical
pCR of nasopharynx
CBC = leukocytosis and lymphocytosis
tx pertussis
o2 if cyanotic
azithromycin
HSV6
most common viral exanthem under 2 yo
high fever
rash after fever
roseola infantum
RNA togavirus red spots on posterior soft/hard palate pink macuplopapular rash lasting 1-5 days pruritic postauricular lymphadenopathy
rubella
paramyxovirus
morbilliform rash starts at hairline and spreads down face/neck/trunk
prodrome of cough, coryza, conjunctivitis
koplik spots
Rubeola (measles)
Rubeola tx
vit A
immunoglobulin
MMR vaccine
GABHS
sandpaper rash, non-pruritic, non-painful
strawberry tongue
scarlet fever
workup scarlet fever
rapid strep
throat culture
scarlett fever tx
penicillin, amoxicillin
workup croup
x ray shows steeple sign
tx croup
humidified o2
corticosteroids
epi
tetrology of fallot
vsd
r vent outflow tract obstruction
overriding aortic root
right ven hypertrophy
how to workup cystic fibrosis
sweat chloride test
leading cause of lower uRI in infants and manifests as bronchiolitis cough fever wheezing cyanosis tachypnea sepsis
RSV
workup RSV
viral culture swab of nasopharynx
x-ray = hyperinflated lungs
no meconium in 24 hours
palpable stool in abdomen
diarrhea and constipation
abdominal distention
Hirchprung disease
how to dx Hirchprung
rectal biopsy = lack of ganglion cells
barium enema shows dilated proximal segment and narrow distal
red current jelly stool
intussusception
positive Ortolani’s test shows
congenital hip disclocation
avascular necrosis of femoral head ossification ceners
boys 3-10
hip pain, limp, knee pain
legg-calve perthes disease
incomplete descent of testes
cryptochidism
orchioplexy
dz of proximal renal tubules where glucose amino acids and urig acid pass into urine instead of reabsorbed
polyuria
polydipsia
bone deformity
fanconi syndrome
weakness weight loss vomitting basophilic stippling hypochromic microcytic anemia lead lines on gingiva
plumbism (lead poisoning)
