Musculoskeleta

Question 1

salter-harris fractures always invovle

Answer 1

physis

Question 2

salter-harris Type I, II, III IV, V fractures

Answer 2

I: physis widended, distorted, or displaced
II: ME metaphysis
III: E physis
IV: ME metaphysis and Epyphysis
V: physis crushed or compressed by axial compression

Question 3

Jefferson fracture

Answer 3

at least 2 fractures of C1 by something falling on head

Question 4

Clay shovelers

Answer 4

flexion injury where spinous process broken or fractured

Question 5

most commonly fractured carpal bone

Answer 5

scaphoid can lead to avascular necrosis

Question 6

indications for bone scan

Answer 6

osteomylitis
bony neoplasm or metastases
occult vertebral fracture

Question 7

most common MD of chidlren

Answer 7

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

replacement of muscle with fat

Question 8

primary bone cancer adult males

Answer 8

osteosarcoma

Question 9

symmetric arthritis in at least 3 joints
nodules at PIP
bakers cysts

Answer 9

RA

Question 10

subchondral cysts
osteophytes
Heberden’s odes
bouchards nodes

Answer 10

osteoarthritis

Question 11

seronegative arthrides

Answer 11

• RF, + HLA b27
  Psoriatic
  enteropathic
  reactive arthritis

Question 12

softness of articular cartilege often involving patella

Answer 12

chondromalacia

Question 13

Osteochondrossi

Answer 13

Oshgood Schlatter

Question 14

ominous signs of back pain

Answer 14

new onset over age 50
doesn't get better with lying
bad at night
wt loss
systemic sx
hx ca
osteoporosis
neuro sx
bowel/bladder
referred to back from other source

Question 15

acute monoarthropathy in absence of trauma
workup
likley dx

Answer 15

septic arthritis due to gout, Gonorrhea, or Staph

athrocentesis - see WBC >2000

Question 16

xray finding in RA

Answer 16

bone erosion (loss of joint space)

Question 17

low back pain that radiates to calves

improves with flexion/ forward bending

Answer 17

spinal stenosis

Question 18

injury occurs when foot is planted and direct force is applied to lateral knee or rotational force

Answer 18

ACL

Question 19

posterior force to tibia (hitting dashboard in MVA)

Answer 19

PCL

Question 20

direct force on medial knee while foot is planted

Answer 20

LCL

Question 21

direct force on lateral knee

Answer 21

MCL

Question 22

numbness and tingling in median nerve distribution

worse at night

Answer 22

carpal tunnel

Question 23

common cause of nerve root compresion that can cause numbness and tingling and pain down radial aspect of hand

Answer 23

cervical nerve root compression

Question 24

what test would you do to diagnose de Quervain’s tenosynotivits

Answer 24

Finkelsteines

Question 25

common cause of de Quervains

Answer 25

repetiteve actiivty like gamin

Question 26

imaging to confirm Quervains

Answer 26

ultrasound

Question 27

what condition do you see a sunburst patter

Answer 27

osteosarcoma

Question 28

where does osteosarcoma usually effect

Answer 28

meaphyseal region of long bones

Question 29

risk factors for gout

Answer 29

alcohol, injury, fasting

Question 30

common OTC med that can cause gout

Answer 30

aspirin

Question 31

trendelenberg gait can indicate what

Answer 31

Legg-Calve perthe syndrome. It is a lurching gait with drop of pelvis when standing

Question 32

what test helps to find avascular necrosis

Answer 32

xray

Question 33

correct pediatric dosing for salbutamol

Answer 33

1-2 puff q 4h not to exceed 12 puffs in 24 hours

Question 34

cubital tunnel syndrome sx

Answer 34

pain and numbness in ulner nerve distribution

Question 35

conservative tx for carpal tunnel

Answer 35

ultrasound tx

Question 36

requirements for dx metabolic syndrome

Answer 36

``` 3 of following: - wasit >35 w or >40m - TG >150 - HDL < 50 BP > 130/85 - fasting blood glucose > 110 ```

Question 37

acute vs prevention tx for gout

Answer 37

acute: cochicine prevention: allopurinol

Question 38

se of allopurinol

Answer 38

diarrhea

Question 39

test for lateral epicondylitis

Answer 39

Mill's

Question 40

supplement for pain imrpovement

Answer 40

3 grams EPA:DHA

Question 41

best frequency on nerve stim for acute pain

Answer 41

80hz to increase enkephalins

Question 42

to dx septic arthritis, you need to see what?

Answer 42

fever, leukocytosis ***joint aspirate coudy yellow with > 50,000 WBC and increased protein possible heart murmur

Question 43

``` asymptomatic or severe bone pain skeletal deformitiesL bowed tibias, kyphosis, fractures increased hat size high alk phos (ALP) with normal ca xray shows denser bones ```

Answer 43

paget disease

Question 44

tx pagets

Answer 44

weight bearing | ca an vit D if ALP > 3x normal bisphosphanates or calcitonin

Question 45

T score of osteopenia and porosis

Answer 45

less than or equal to -2.5 = osteoporosis | < -1 = osteopenia

Question 46

high PTH and ALP low ca, vit d, phosphate bowed legs, skeletal pain

Answer 46

osteomalacia

Question 47

what vitamin can be used to treat carpal tunnel

Answer 47

B6

Question 48

Test for thoracic outlet syndrome

Answer 48

Easts test/Roos test

Question 49

homeopathic for pain worse with cold, touch, and pressure

Answer 49

hypericum

Question 50

what supplement can help with pain and recover of herniated disc

Answer 50

500mg bromelain TID | digestive enzyme

Question 51

homeopathic for left sided sciatica, anger, frustration, better warm application worse anger, strong sense of wrong

Answer 51

colocynthis

Question 52

antibiotic for bacterial meningitis

Answer 52

cephtriaxone