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HK Last - Cardio > Musculoskeleta > Flashcards

Musculoskeleta Flashcards

1
Q

salter-harris fractures always invovle

A

physis

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2
Q

salter-harris Type I, II, III IV, V fractures

A

I: physis widended, distorted, or displaced
II: ME metaphysis
III: E physis
IV: ME metaphysis and Epyphysis
V: physis crushed or compressed by axial compression

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3
Q

Jefferson fracture

A

at least 2 fractures of C1 by something falling on head

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4
Q

Clay shovelers

A

flexion injury where spinous process broken or fractured

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5
Q

most commonly fractured carpal bone

A

scaphoid can lead to avascular necrosis

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6
Q

indications for bone scan

A

osteomylitis
bony neoplasm or metastases
occult vertebral fracture

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7
Q

most common MD of chidlren

A

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy

replacement of muscle with fat

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8
Q

primary bone cancer adult males

A

osteosarcoma

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9
Q

symmetric arthritis in at least 3 joints
nodules at PIP
bakers cysts

A

RA

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10
Q

subchondral cysts
osteophytes
Heberden’s odes
bouchards nodes

A

osteoarthritis

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11
Q

seronegative arthrides

A
  • RF, + HLA b27
    Psoriatic
    enteropathic
    reactive arthritis
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12
Q

softness of articular cartilege often involving patella

A

chondromalacia

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13
Q

Osteochondrossi

A

Oshgood Schlatter

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14
Q

ominous signs of back pain

A 
new onset over age 50
doesn't get better with lying
bad at night
wt loss
systemic sx
hx ca
osteoporosis
neuro sx
bowel/bladder
referred to back from other source
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15
Q

acute monoarthropathy in absence of trauma
workup
likley dx

A

septic arthritis due to gout, Gonorrhea, or Staph

athrocentesis - see WBC >2000

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16
Q

xray finding in RA

A

bone erosion (loss of joint space)

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17
Q

low back pain that radiates to calves

improves with flexion/ forward bending

A

spinal stenosis

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18
Q

injury occurs when foot is planted and direct force is applied to lateral knee or rotational force

A

ACL

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19
Q

posterior force to tibia (hitting dashboard in MVA)

A

PCL

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20
Q

direct force on medial knee while foot is planted

A

LCL

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21
Q

direct force on lateral knee

A

MCL

22
Q

numbness and tingling in median nerve distribution

worse at night

A

carpal tunnel

23
Q

common cause of nerve root compresion that can cause numbness and tingling and pain down radial aspect of hand

A

cervical nerve root compression

24
Q

what test would you do to diagnose de Quervain’s tenosynotivits

A

Finkelsteines

25
Q

common cause of de Quervains

A

repetiteve actiivty like gamin

26
Q

imaging to confirm Quervains

A

ultrasound

27
Q

what condition do you see a sunburst patter

A

osteosarcoma

28
Q

where does osteosarcoma usually effect

A

meaphyseal region of long bones

29
Q

risk factors for gout

A

alcohol, injury, fasting

30
Q

common OTC med that can cause gout

A

aspirin

31
Q

trendelenberg gait can indicate what

A

Legg-Calve perthe syndrome. It is a lurching gait with drop of pelvis when standing

32
Q

what test helps to find avascular necrosis

A

xray

33
Q

correct pediatric dosing for salbutamol

A

1-2 puff q 4h not to exceed 12 puffs in 24 hours

34
Q

cubital tunnel syndrome sx

A

pain and numbness in ulner nerve distribution

35
Q

conservative tx for carpal tunnel

A

ultrasound tx

36
Q

requirements for dx metabolic syndrome

A 
3 of following:
- wasit >35 w or >40m
- TG >150
- HDL < 50
BP > 130/85
- fasting blood glucose > 110
37
Q

acute vs prevention tx for gout

A

acute: cochicine
prevention: allopurinol

38
Q

se of allopurinol

A

diarrhea

39
Q

test for lateral epicondylitis

A

Mill’s

40
Q

supplement for pain imrpovement

A

3 grams EPA:DHA

41
Q

best frequency on nerve stim for acute pain

A

80hz to increase enkephalins

42
Q

to dx septic arthritis, you need to see what?

A

fever, leukocytosis
***joint aspirate coudy yellow with > 50,000 WBC and increased protein
possible heart murmur

43
Q 
asymptomatic or severe bone pain
skeletal deformitiesL bowed tibias, kyphosis, fractures
increased hat size
high alk phos (ALP) with normal ca
xray shows denser bones
A

paget disease

44
Q

tx pagets

A

weight bearing

ca an vit D if ALP > 3x normal bisphosphanates or calcitonin

45
Q

T score of osteopenia and porosis

A

less than or equal to -2.5 = osteoporosis

< -1 = osteopenia

46
Q

high PTH and ALP
low ca, vit d, phosphate
bowed legs, skeletal pain

A

osteomalacia

47
Q

what vitamin can be used to treat carpal tunnel

A

B6

48
Q

Test for thoracic outlet syndrome

A

Easts test/Roos test

49
Q

homeopathic for pain worse with cold, touch, and pressure

A

hypericum

50
Q

what supplement can help with pain and recover of herniated disc

A

500mg bromelain TID

digestive enzyme

51
Q

homeopathic for left sided sciatica, anger, frustration, better warm application worse anger, strong sense of wrong

A

colocynthis

52
Q

antibiotic for bacterial meningitis

A

cephtriaxone

HK Last - Cardio (16 decks)

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