EENT Flashcards
complication of diptheria
myocarditis
tx diptheria
Penicillin plus macrolide (azithromycin)
tx otitis media
amoxicillin or azithromycin (macrolide if allergic to penicillin)
conductive hearing loss
sensorineuro hearing lsos
Conductive: something blocking (b>a)
Senseurineuro: nerve conduction issue (a>B)?
nausea, vomiting, vertigo, without hearing loss
vestibular neuronitis
tx vestibular neuronitis
vestibular sedatives (Gravol)
workup for sinusitis
bacterial culture of sinuses
CT most sensitive
x-ray
candida tx
nystatin
cluconazole
causes of glossitis
iron def niacin def (pellegra) B12 or folate def vit c def hairy leukoplakia (EBV)
acute febrile illness with small vesicles on posterior oropharyngeal structures
herpangina
white patch with sharp borders of oropharynx, floor of mouth, soft palate, tongue
cannot be scraped off
can become cancerous
associated with smoking and ETOH consumption
leukoplakia
quinsy triad for peritonsillar abscess
trismus (can't open) uvular deviation dysphonia other features: sore throat, dysphagia, painful swalloing, LA
workup peritonsillar abscess
throat culture
xray or CT
etiology pharyngitis
viral 80% adenoviurs, enterovirus or EBV
Bacterioal 20% GAS
CENTOR criteria
exudate Cerv LA fever absence of cough age < 15 age over 45 minus 1 point
Centor criteria scoring
4 points: ab
2-4: test, treat or not
0-1: no tests no ab
common ab for ear complaints
penicillins and macrolides
sometimes fluoroqinolones
bad sign of eye issue
ciliary injection vs conjunctival injection which is less serious (red around periphery)
unilateral, severe eye pain, rapid loss of vision, NS, hazy cornea, fixed, mid-dilated pupil
acute angle closure glaucoma
pain, photophobia, blurred vision, tearing, redness, eyelid edema
keratitis
most common cause of infectious blindness in western countries often caused by HSV1
keratitis
asymptomatic initially, slow progressive loss of peripheral vision, slow rise in intraocular pressure or difference between eye pressure, larger cup to disc ratio
chronic open angle glaucoma
central vision loss
macular degeneration
peripheral vision loss
glaucoma
sudden onset floating spots and flashes of light
hx of recent head trauma
retinal detachment
age >50
acute onset floaters (one large one)
decrease in vision
posterior vitreous detachement
slow progressive loss of bilateral night vision
retinal pigment changes
retinitis pigmentosa
AMslers chart
dx glaucoma
how do you dx acute angle closer glaucoma
slit lamp
how do you dx causes of vertigo
electronystygmography
