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HK Last - Cardio > Heme > Flashcards

Heme Flashcards

1
Q

TIBC (transferrin saturation)

A

evaluateion and dx of iron def anemia, chronic dz anemia, and thalassemias

  • Increased in Fe def anemia, PG
  • decreased in anemia of chronic dz and hemochromatosis
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2
Q

red cell mass

A

hematocrit

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3
Q

blood concentration

A

hemoglobin

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4
Q

red cell size

A

RDW

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5
Q

platelets are increased ___ and decreased ___

A

increased in malignancy, leukemia, polycethemia vera

decreased in itp, chemo

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6
Q

WBC count increased in _____ and decreased in ____

A

increased in infection, leukemia, malignancy

decreased in viral infections, bone marrow depression

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7
Q

neutrophils increased in and decreased in

A

increased in bacterial infection, inflammation, leukema

decreased in drugs, chemicals, radiation

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8
Q

right shift

A

B12 or folate def

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9
Q

severe anemia that begins at 4-6 months

pronounced wasting, jaundice, slow growth, delayed onset of secondary sex features

A

beta-thalassemia maor

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10
Q 
B-12 def (megaloblastic)
alcohol and hypothyroid (non-megaloblastic)
elevated MCV
low reticulocyte count
low methylmalonic acid
A

Macrocytic anemia

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11
Q 
G6PD def
bite cells or heinz bodies
mediterranean ancestry
jaundice
hepatosplenomegaly
dark urine
A

hemolytic anemia

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12
Q 
high fever
chills
thrombocytopenia
abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, myalgia
recent travel
A

malaria

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13
Q

etiology and workup of lymphangitis

A

cellulitis caused by strep pyogenes
CBC - leukocytosis
blood culture

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14
Q

tx hemolytic anemia

A

corticosteroids
immunosuppressive
splenectomy
IV immunoglobulin

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15
Q

where is B12 absorbed

A

terminal ileum

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16
Q

where is iron absorbed and what enhances absorption

A

dietary iron absorbed in duodenum
Cit C
absorption reduced by tea and calcium

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17
Q

alpha vs beta thallasemia

A

alpha: african and southeast asian
- hypochromic microcytic
beta: mediterranean
- palpable spleen
- increased RBC
beta thallasemia major: severe anemia and jaundice, stunted growth, iron overload

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18
Q

x-linked recessive

bite cells and heinz bodies

A

G6PD def

19
Q

workup for hemochromotosis

A

CBC with iron studies

liver biopsy

20
Q

stem cell disorder characterized by panhyperplastic, decreased EPO, malignant, neoplastic, marrow disorder.
increased RBC, WBC, and paltelets
plethora

A

polycythemia vera

21
Q

tx hemophilia A

A

Desmopressin

22
Q

tx hemophilia B

A

Recombinant factor IX and anti-fibrinolytic

23
Q

palpable purpura
abdominal pain
arthritis

A

henoch-schonlan purpura
resolves within 4 weeks
NSAIDs
corticosteriods for edema

24
Q

sudden onset petechiae, easy bruising, epistaxis 1-3 weeks after viral illness in 2-6 year old

A

ITP

25
Q

increased bleeding time and PTT
decreased factor VIII
normal platelet

A

Von Willebrand

26
Q

abnormality of Philadelphia chromosome Ph1

increased WBC

A

CML

27
Q

rapid progressive malignancy with DIC, Aurer rods

A

AML

28
Q

most common leukemia of children

A

ALL “All Little Leauguers”

29
Q

most common form of leukemia in western world
occurs over 60 yo
accumulation of virgin B cells
smudge cells seen

A

CLL (cranky late lifers)

30
Q

tx CLL

A

corticosteroids

chemo

31
Q

Reed Sternberg cells
bimodal age distribution
association with EBV
lymphadenopathy

A

Hodgkin Lymphoma

32
Q

workup for hodgkin lymphoma

A

CBC, CT for lymph nodes, lymph node biopsy (see Reed S cells)

33
Q 
proliferation of monoclonal plasma
large amount so IgG or IgA
bone pain/bony lesions
increased ca
renal failure
Rouleaux fomration of RBCs
A

Multiple Myeloma

34
Q

workup MM

A

serum or urinary monoclonal protein

end organ damage

35
Q

drugs for anemia

A

Epoetin alfa

36
Q

anti-platelet drugs

A

aspirin

clopidogrel

37
Q

pentoxifylline

A

decreases blood viscosity

use: peripheral vascular disease

38
Q

vitamin K antagonist

A

Warfarin

*monitor INR

39
Q

what vitamin deficiencies are associated with chelosis and paresthesias

A

B12 and Riboflavin

40
Q

what can inhibit iron absorption

A

black tea tannins

41
Q

homeopathic for heavy bleeding, craving cold drinks and ice cream, hypersensitivity, colds go to chest

A

phosphorus

42
Q

workup for fever of unknown origin

A

CBC

43
Q

mild anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, lymphoblasts in young child with fever

A

ALL

HK Last - Cardio (16 decks)

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