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HK Last - Cardio > Minor Surgery > Flashcards

Minor Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

most commonly transmitted infection

A

Hep B

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2
Q

How to disinfect and sterilize with Glutarladehyde

A

2% glutarladehyde for 10 min to disinfect and for 10 hours to sterilize

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3
Q

sterilize with water, dry heat, and autoclave

A

boil >30 min
dry heat: 160c/320F for 1 hour
autoclave 15psi @ 121c for 15 min

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4
Q

lacerations, don’t suture wounds older than

A

8-12 hours, 24 if on face

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5
Q

How to disinfect skin (open and intact)

A

intact: 10% betadine 3 tims
0.4% cholrhedidine gluconate
open wound: irrigate with 0.9% normal saline

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6
Q

hemostasis forms a ____ clot

A

fibrin

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7
Q

inflammation timing

A

day 1-4

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8
Q

Neutrophils appear ___ and last ___

A

5-6 hours for 3-4 days to destroy bacteria

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9
Q

macrophages

A

transition from inflammation to repair and phagocytize

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10
Q

__ cells appear within ___ to repair wound

A

Basal cells migrage within 24-48 hours

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11
Q

what comes to proliferate scar tissue

A

keratinocytes 1-2 days after injury

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12
Q

gruanulation

A

3-21 days

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13
Q

remodeling

A

3wk-6-18 months

30-50% strength by 3-4 weeks and 80-90% by one year

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14
Q

which is normal: contraction or contracture

A

contraction is normal

contracture is abnormal fomration of tight scar due to too much contraction

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15
Q

tertiary healing intention

A

grossly contaminated wounds can be left open for 3-5 days

ex: dog bite

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16
Q

simple interrupted sutures may cause

A

railroading

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17
Q

vertical mattress is better for

A

cosmetics because can evert edges

18
Q

where do you use horizontal mattress

A

palms and soles, high tension wounds and fragile tissue

19
Q

What suture would you use for rapid, non cosmetic, less secure, higher risk of infection, if you are in a hurry.

A

continuous running sutures

20
Q

subcuticular/intradermal running

A

not visible, eliminates tracts

21
Q

what suture for triangular flaps without strangulation

A

3 point/half burried

22
Q

when do you use absorbable sutures vs non absorbable

A

absorbable: deep tissue layers
non: used for superficial tissures

23
Q

types of natural absorbable

A

plain or chromic catgut

chromic lasts longer and has less rxn

24
Q

types of synthetic absorbable

A

polyglactic/vicryl 2-3 week
polygycolic/Dexon 2-3 week
Polydioxanon/PDS 4-6 week

all synthetic have least reaction

25
Q

types of non-absorbable sutures

A

natural: silk, stainless steel (least reactive), polyester
synthetic: nylon, polyproylene

26
Q

what size for face, arms, trunk, legs, feet

A

face: 5-0 to 6-0 3-5 days
amrs 4-0 to 5-0 7-10 days
trunk legs feet scalp 3-0 to 4-0 7-14 days

27
Q

how many mg is 10cc 1% lidocaine

A

100mg

28
Q

max dose lidocaine for adult and child

A

adult 4.5mg/kg not over 30cc

child: 3.3-4.5 mg/kg no over 75-110mg total (7.5-11cc)

29
Q

epi dose with lidocaine

A

1:200,000 max of < 0.2mg

30
Q

antidote to too much lidocaine

A

Mg and B6

31
Q

never use EPI with

A

MAOIs, thyrotoxicosis, severe CVD, TCAs

32
Q

how to do an excisional biopsy

A

3:1 elliptical w 30 degree angles and #15 blade

parallel to langers lines

33
Q

scalpal sizes

A

11: puncture, abscess, incision, stabbing
15: blunt dissection, excision, trimming
10: like #15 but for thicker skin (back)
3: disposable, sterile with reusable handle

34
Q

what type of forceps do you use when suturing

A

toothed Adson

toothless is for foreign body removal

35
Q

iris scissors

A

fine dissection

36
Q

metzenbaum scissors

A

blunt dissection

37
Q

amides

A

lidocaine
mepivicaine
bupivicaine

38
Q

esters

A

procaine
tetracaine
benzocaine

39
Q

tumor marker for melanoma

A

S-100

40
Q

what can cellulitis lead to

A

necrotizing fascitis or erysipelas

Group A beta hemolytic strep

HK Last - Cardio (16 decks)

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