Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clin Med IV: Pediatrics > Pediatric Pulmonology > Flashcards

Pediatric Pulmonology Flashcards

1
Q

What is chronic inflammatory disorder that produces airway hyperresponsiveness, airflow limitation and persistent respiratory symtpoms

A

Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the strongest predisposing factor for asthma

A

atopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the first line medication treatment for asthma

A

short-acting beta agonist as needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is status asthmaticus

A

medical emergency that requires careful evaluation and agressive therapy - asthma attack refratory to treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the mainstay of medical therapy for status asthmaticus

A

frequent administration of beta-agonists inhalations, combined with early corticosteroid use
IV magnesium can be used as an adjunctive measure
THeohylline may be also used as an adjunctive measure
may hae to consider mechanical ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the leading cause of death in children with asthma

A

hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the indications for ICU admission with status asthmaticus

A

altered sensorium
use of continuous inhaled beta-agonist therapy
exhaustion
markedly decreased air entry
rising PCO2 despite treatment
prescence of high-risk factors for a severe attack
fialure to improve despite adequate therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is cystic fibrosis

A

autosomal recessive inherited disorder
progressive dysfunction of ion channel responsible for movement of water and salt through epithelail cells
thick viscous mucus builds up, ccompromises host defenses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the classic presentation of CF

A

toddler to small child with bronchiectasis, pancreatic insufficiency, growth delays (aka failure to thrive) and infertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the pulmonary presentation of CF

A

persistent cough, productive due to hypersecretion
pulmonary inflam, obstruction
wheezing, dyspnea
recurrent infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the liver presentation with CF

A

hepatic insufficiency
prolonged neonatal jaundice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the pancreatic presentation with CF

A

pancreatic insufficiency
steatorrhea
malabsorption
pnacreatitis
exocrine hypersecretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how is CF diagnosed/worked up

A

newborn screen may include immunoreactice trypsin (IRT) measurement, elevated with CF
sweat chloride test
confirmation via genetic testing (definitive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the gold standard for diagnosis of CF

A

sweat chloride testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the treatment of pneumonia

A

broad spectrum abx for severely ill pts
oral abx for less severe (cefuroxime, amox, augmentin, macrolide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the most common pneumonia in children

A

viral
usually URI precedes penumonia

17
Q

what is the treatment of viral pneumonia

A

supportive, hospitalization only if respiraotry distress
consider Ribivirin or Tamiflu if indicated

18
Q

what is the treatment for FB aspiration

A

bronchoscopy to remove object
followed by inpt monitoring, nubulized albuterol and/or chest physiotherapy

19
Q

what is the treatment of a <6 month old with acute bronchiolitis

A

hospitalation
fluids, supportive care

20
Q

what is the most common cause of acute bronchiolitis

A

RSV

21
Q

what is the catarrhal stage of pertussis

A

URI symtpoms (fever, fatigue, rhinorrhea, conjunctival injection), duration ~1-2 weeks; most infectious stage of illness

22
Q

what is the paroxysmal stage of pertussus

A

repeated coughs, followed by forceful inspiration creating characteristic “whoop”; fever comes and goes; post tussive vomitting common
duration 1-6 weeks, up to 10 weeks

23
Q

what is the convalescent stage of pertussus

A

residual cough persists for weeks to months, usually triggered by exposure to another URI and irritant

24
Q

what is the treatment of pertussis

A

abx may help in catarrhal stage
erythromycin 40-50mg/kg/day - gold standard
zithromax
supportive care

25
Q

what is the treatment of pertussis in pts < 1 year old

A

hospitalized regardless of symptoms

26
Q

what is the treatment of neonates with pertussis

A

admit to ICU as life trheatening cardiopulmonary complications and arrest can occur unexpectedly

27
Q

what is the prevention of pertussis

A

immunization: DTaP/Tdap
chemoprophylaxis with macrolides for close contacts, esp <20 yo

Clin Med IV: Pediatrics (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions