Pediatric Nutrition

Question 1

what are influnces on nutrient requirements

Answer 1

rate of growth
body composition
composition of new growth

Question 2

What is the main dietary energy source for infants

Answer 2

fats

Question 3

what are contraindications of breast feeding

Answer 3

Maternal infection- TB, HIV(developing countries), ?HepC
Drugs

Question 4

how long should one wait between introducing new foods

Answer 4

5 - 7 days (ideally 10-14 days)

Question 5

How are baby foods staged

Answer 5

1: single ingredient
2: strained food combo
3: small chunks
4: table food

Question 6

What foods should be avoided in the first year of life

Answer 6

Honey (botulism)
Fruit juice (too sugary)
cows milk
choking hazards

Question 7

how is nutritional status asessed?

Answer 7

Quantity of foods
Quality of foods
Variety of foods

Question 8

What is 5-2-1

Answer 8

5 servings of fruits and vegetables
no more than 2 hrs screen time/day
1 hour activity / day

Question 9

what is the leading cause of mortality in children, worldwide

Answer 9

malnutrition

either inadequate intake or inadequate absorption of foods

Question 10

what is colic

Answer 10

severe crying in infants < 3 months, with paroxysmal abdominal pain

Question 11

what are the symptoms of colic

Answer 11

sudden onset, may last hours
abdomen is tense
legs may be drawn up, hands clenched
seems relieved with passing gas
occurs often at late afternoon/evening

Question 12

what is the treatment of Colic

Answer 12

try to prevent by improving feeding techniques, environmental controls
food sensitivies/allergies in mother and child

Question 13

how should obesity be treated as

Answer 13

chronic medical problem

Question 14

What genetic syndrome as associated with childhood obesity

Answer 14

Prader-willi
Turner syndromes

Question 15

what endocrine disorders are associated with chilhood obesity

Answer 15

hypothyroidism
cushings disease

Question 16

what labs should be done on a 10 year old without risk factors with a BMI of 85-94%

Answer 16

Fasting lipid profile

Question 17

what lab tests should be run on a 10 year old with risk factors and a BMI of 85-94%

Answer 17

Lipid profile, ALT, AST, fasting glucose

Question 18

What lab tests should be run on a 10 year old wiht a BMI > 95%

Answer 18

lipid profile, ALT, AST, fasting fluocse, other labs indicated by health risks

Question 19

What is the goal BMI for childhood obesity

Answer 19

< 85th percentile

Question 20

What is Pica

Answer 20

presistent eating of non-nutritive, non-food substances, over at least 1 month

Question 21

What is Rumination disorder

Answer 21

repeated regurgitation of food over at least 1 month
NOT attributed to GI disesae
NOT within context of another eating disoder

Question 22

What is Night Eating Syndrome

Answer 22

3 months or more of:
excessive evening or nighttime eating
morning anorexia
frequent nighttime awakening
nighttime awakenings frequently assoaited with snacking on high-calorie food

Question 23

What is the female athlete triad

Answer 23

combo of amenorrhea, osteopososis and disordered eating

highest risk: gymnasts, ballet, figure skaters

Question 24

How is female athlete triad diagnosed

Answer 24

diagnosis of exclusion
not clinical or lab results

Question 25

What is the treatment of female athlete triad

Answer 25

focus on adequate nutrition
healthy exercise option
HRT

Question 26

What are risk factors of Eating disorders

Answer 26

family hx
familial relationship with food
“High risk” sports
other illnesses
ADHD?

Question 27

What is the next step if you suspect eating disorder?

Answer 27

team approach:
- medical provider
- psychiatrist/psychologist/social worker
- nurse
- nutritionist
- parents