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Clin Med IV: Pediatrics > Pediatric Orthopedics > Flashcards

Pediatric Orthopedics Flashcards

1
Q

Define physis

A

growth plate

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2
Q

What does SALTER stand for

A

Separated growth plate
Above growth plate
BeLow growth plate
Through gorwth plate
ERasure of growth plate

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3
Q

What is the treatment of Salter harris Type I and II fractures

A

closed reduction, cast immobilization
heals well

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4
Q

what is the treatment of Salter-harris type III and IV

A

ORIF and to prevent growth arrest

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5
Q

what is the treatment of type 5 salter-harris

A

no specific treatment, high incidence of growth arrest

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6
Q

what is another name for a buckle fracture

A

torus fracture

impaction of the bone

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7
Q

what is the treatment of a buckle fracture

A

casting

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8
Q

What is the MOI of greenstick fracture

A

bending
m/c FOOSH

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9
Q

what are fracture patterns that are suggestive of abuse

A
  • transverse femur fracture in child < 1
  • transverse humerus fx in child < 3
  • spiral long bone fractures (torsion)
  • bucket handle fx
  • rib fractures
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10
Q

what do most states require in regards to mandated reporting of concerns for child abuse

A

immediate verbal report
written report within 24-48 hours

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11
Q

What is a subluxation of the radial head

A

Nursemaids elbow
m/c in kids 6mo - 6 years

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12
Q

what is the presentation of nursemaids elbow

A

often hear a snap
initial pain subsides quickly
forearm resting in pronation and slightly flexed
child refuses to use arm

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13
Q

who are high risk newborns forDDH

A

first born
breech
+family hx
oligohydramnios
macrosomia

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14
Q

what is the mainstay diagnostic test of DDH

A

Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers

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15
Q

what is Barlow

A

dislocated a dislocatable hip; ‘click’ on exit -> out

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16
Q

What is Ortolani

A

reduces a dislocated hip; ‘clunk’ on entry -> in

17
Q

What is the treatment of DDH

A

< 4 months and reducible: Pavlik harness first line
spica casting
older than 18mo or failure of spica: open reduction with spica
older than 2yo: open reduction wiht osteotomy

18
Q

what is the diagnostic cobb angle

A

> 10 degrees

19
Q

what is an idiopathic avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis

A

Leg-Calve-Perthes-Disease (LCPD)

20
Q

What are risk factors for LCPD

A

low SES
(+) FH
low birth weight
abnormal birth presentation
second-hand smoke

21
Q

What is the presentation of LCPD

A

classically painless limp with insidious onset
may have intermittent hip or knee pain
reducted hip ROM on PE

22
Q

what is a common adolescent hip disorder seenin overweight/obese males

A

SCFE
(SLipped capital femoral epiphysis)

m/c in left hip

23
Q

what is the presentation of SCFE

A

hip pain (groin and thigh) m/c
usually associated with lip or ER of leg

can often present with knee pain

24
Q
A
24
Q

What is the treatment of SCFE

A

if unstable, NWB, contact ortho immediately
most - perc pinning, ORIF if severe

25
Q

What is apophysitis

A

stress injury of a tendon that is attached to the physis
(tendonitis)

26
Q

what is apophysitis of the tibial tubercle

A

Osgood Schlatter’s Disease

27
Q

what is little leage elbow

A

medial apophysitis
overuse injury from repetitive throwing

pain over medial epicondyle

28
Q

what is the gold standard treatment for clubfoot

A

ponseti casting (serial casting)
tenotomy - bracing

28
Q
A
29
Q

Genu varum

A

bow legged

30
Q

genu valgum

A

knock kneed

31
Q

what is an autoimmune, aseptic and inflammatory joint disease

A

juvenile idiopathic arthritis

32
Q

how is juvenile idiopathic arthritis diagnosed

A

diagnosis of exclusion
6+wks of arthritis symptoms in a child under the age of 16
VAS score can help with dx

33
Q

what are the subtypes of juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

Oligoarthritis
plolyarthritis
sysetmic
enthesitis-related
Psoriatic
Undifferentiated

Clin Med IV: Pediatrics (16 decks)

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