Pediatric Developmental Delays

Question 1

What are examples of positive factors that influence development

Answer 1

warm and secure relationships
enriching learning opportunities
proper nutrition
exercise and rest

Question 2

What are negative factors that can influence child development

Answer 2

poverty
unstable housing
parental stress
household dysfunction
abuse
maltreatment
neglect
alcohol exposure and SUD
violence and or trauma

Question 3

what is a developmental delay

Answer 3

a child who has not gained the developmental skills expected for him or her, compared to other of the same age.

Question 4

Why is developmental screening done?

Answer 4

allows earlier detection
determines whether further assessments are needed

Question 5

What does IDEA stand for and mandate?

Answer 5

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
mandates early ID of and intervention for developmental disabilities
requires provider refers children with suspected dleays in timely manner to appropriate eraly intervention system

Question 6

Who is the best person/s to note changes in child’s physical and behavioral development?

Answer 6

THE PARENTS

Question 6

What are the benefits of early diagnosis and treatment of developmental delays?

Answer 6

more likely to: graduate high school. hold jobs, live independently
Less likely to: become pregnant/father children, have delinquencies, violent crimes

Question 7

When is developmental screening done?

Answer 7

9 months, 18 months
24 months, 30 months

Question 8

What are the developmental scales?

Answer 8

denver developmental (??)
ASQ-3 (ages and stages questionnaire)
M-CHAT (18 and 24 months)
temperament and atypical behavior scale
child behavioral checklist

Question 9

What are developmental delay risk factors

Answer 9

genetic
familial
prematurity
prenatal conditions
environmental/toxins
child abuse / neglect
maternal or parental stress
neglect, trauma, abuse
chornic disease: CV, hearing, vision

Question 10

what are absolute indications for immediate eval with language milestones

RED FLAGS

Answer 10

• no babbling, pointing or gesturing by 12 months
• no single words by 16 months
• no two-word spontaneous phrases by 24 months
• any regression in language or social skills at any age

Question 11

What are Autistic Spectral Disorders (ASD)

Answer 11

a group of developmental disabilites causing major social, communication and behavioral challenges with symtpoms typically present before age of 3

Question 12

What is the average age of ASD diagnosis

Answer 12

54 months but may be getting younger

Question 13

what are characteristics of ASD

Answer 13

impaired socail interactions
impaired verbal + non-verbal communication
restriced +/- repetitive behaviors

Question 14

What is SEED

Answer 14

Study to Explore Early Development
-largest known study to attempt to idenity factors that put kids at risk for autism and other developmental delays

Question 15

What are ASD characteristic in the first year of life

Answer 15

little interest in being held
no comforted by physical closeness with parents
limitations in social smiling, eye contact, vocalization, social play

Question 16

what are ASD characteristics in the second year of life

Answer 16

fails to orient to own name
impairement in joint attention skills
doesnt notice when parents/siblings leave/enter the room
little to no eyecontact; “hearing problem”
speech fails to develop as expected
lack of pretend play skills, repetitive play, lacks creativity, rough-housing

Question 17

what are interventions for ASD

Answer 17

25-40 hours of service/week; education, speach, OT/sensory integreation
behavioral and communication
biomedical and dietary approached
complementary approaches

Question 18

what are characteristics of asperger’s

Answer 18

mild or limited speech delays, or atypical speech
difficulty sustaining converstation initiated by another
inability to make friends
diagnosed later,preschool or school aged