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Pediatrics > Pediatric Astigmatism > Flashcards

Pediatric Astigmatism Flashcards

1
Q

What age group has the greatest amount of astigmatism?

A

infants

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2
Q

There is no ____ in the 1st year of life

A

meridional amblyopia

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3
Q

When are adult levels of astigmatism achieved?

A

4-5 years

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4
Q

Which kind of astigmatism is most common in astigmatism patients?

A

WTR

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5
Q

What is the rarest form of astigmatism in all ages?

A

oblique

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6
Q

Magnitude and frequency of astigmatism decreases significantly in the first ___ years of life

A

two

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7
Q

How much astigmatism is a risk for amblyopia at 1 year+?

A

1D, need to prescribe

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8
Q

Which groups of people have the most astigmatism according to MEPEDS?

A

Hispanic then AA

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9
Q

What populations not in the MEPEDS study have a high prevalence of astigmatism?

A

Sagmok, Ontario and Tohono O’odham

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10
Q

What did the NICER study Ireland 2015 show?

A

the prevalence of astigmatism is unchanged between 6-7 and 15-16 years, but individual patient changes are possible

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11
Q

What techniques are used in an astigmatism exam?

A

retinoscopy, keratometry, topography

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12
Q

What is the retinoscopy technique for an astigmatism exam?

A

wet, cycloplegic

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13
Q

What does keratometry measure?

A

corneal astigmatism, axis, magnitude, monitors changes

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14
Q

What is topography used for?

A

irregular astigmatism aka keratoconus

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15
Q

Which form of astigmatism is knocked out with cycloplegia?

A

ATR, knocked out accommodation

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16
Q

What might small amounts of ATR astigmatism indicate?

A

accommodative dysfunction or incipient myopia

17
Q

Which form of astigmatism is not evident on keratometry?

A

ATR

18
Q

At 15+ months how much astigmatism should you consider Rxing?

A

> 2.50D is ablyogenic possibility, partial correction ok

19
Q

At 2+ years how much astigmatism should you consider Rxing?

A

> /= +2.00, partial correction ok

20
Q

What did the study on Head Start astigmats 3-5 yo find about astigmatism and literacy?

A

uncorrected astigmatism resulted in lower scores on personal/social/physical development, language and literacy, personal/social communication, and fine motor skills

21
Q

What did the school age children with bilateral astigmatism study find?

A

oral reading fluency significantly reduced with >/= 1.00D of uncorrected astigmatism, importance of wearing glasses

22
Q

When should you consider Rx for astigmatism in preschool aged children aka 4+?

A

> /= 1.50D as FTW, pt education on adaptation

23
Q

In school aged children when should you Rx?

A

> /= 0.75D depending on VA level, text size, and symptoms

Pediatrics (22 decks)

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