Overview Flashcards
Why don’t children come in for eye exams?
they get “exams” at the pediatrician, “exams” at school, no obvious problems
What does a birth-age 2 pediatric eye exam contain?
brief assessment eye heath and acuity: eyelids and orbits (symmetry and function), external evaluation (penlight), pupils, red reflex, eye muscle balance (penlight)
What does a 2 year old pediatric eye exam add?
cover test or random dot E
What does a 3+ year old pediatric eye exam add?
vision chart by “acceptable means”
If a pediatrician does not have a successful exam what do they do?
recheck at 4-6 months, refer to ophthalmologist
What is a vision screening?
NOT comprehensive exam, contains distance visual acuity, added bonuses are near VA, cover test, stereo, color
What are the challenges of a vision screening?
experience of examiner, size of room, lighting, noise/distractions, cognitive (VA chart)
Who gets follow up after a vision screening?
false positives and true failures
What is photoscreening?
part of a vision screening or the only test that is done; looks for focusing problems (clarity of vision) and risk factors for amblyopia– may look for strabismus
What does photoscreening look at?
red reflex and Purkinje images
What populations is photoscreening useful for?
preverbal, preschoolers, non-cooperative and nonverbal
What are two examples of photoscreeners?
iScreen and Spot (WelchAllyn)
What does a normal eye look like?
red reflex, not too bright, no obstructions or opacities, symmetrical Purkinje images
What are risk factors?
prematurity, low birth weight, family history eye disease, maternal infection during pregnancy, high refractive error, strabismus, anisometropia, developmental delay, seizures, cerebral palsy
When should a child first get an eye exam?
at 6 months or earlier if at risk
