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RESP II Exam 2 > Pediactrics > Flashcards

Pediactrics Flashcards

1
Q

cough

A

brainstem reflex

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2
Q

cough receptors

A

middle ear, sinuses, pericardium, diphragm, phaynx, larynx, trachea, major bronchi

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3
Q

phases of cough

A

inspiration
compression
exhalation

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4
Q

chronic cough in ped

A

cough more than 3-4 weeks**

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5
Q

cough after eating

A

overfeeding - decreased with less food
GERD - if with vomiting
TEF - no vomiting - worse with feeding

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6
Q

cough with cyanosis not relieved by O2

A

requires thorough cardiac evaluation

possible R to L shunt

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7
Q

cough with tachypnea and fever

A

sepsis

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8
Q

RSV

A

infants at higher risk

-preterm, cyanotic heart disease, immunodeficient

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9
Q

staccato cough first few months

A

chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia

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10
Q

spells with apnea

A

pertussis

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11
Q

wet cough

A

bronchiectasis

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12
Q

rigid bronchoscopy

A

to see foreign body AND remov\e it

flexible - cannot remove

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13
Q

sore throat, fever, HA, no cough or rhinorrhea

A

strep pharyngitis

work up with rapid strep and back up culture if negative

NO COUGH OR RHINORRHEA

PE - exudative pharyngitis, tender anterior cervical lymph nodes, scarlatiniform rash, pastias lines

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14
Q

drooling, dysphagia, dysphonia, dyspnea, tripod position

A

epiglottitis

examine airway under anesthesia***

can compromised airway, don’t be stupid

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15
Q

barking cough, inspiratory stridor

A

croup
-paryngotracheitis

cause - parainfluenza, influenza, RSV, adenovirus

steeple sign on neck Xray

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16
Q

croup tx

A

inhaled racemic epinephrine

  • reduce stridor within 30 minutes
  • most immediate benefit
17
Q

upper resp followed by lower resp infection, increased resp effort - tachypnea, nasal flaring, chest retractions, wheezing, crackles

A

bronchiolitis

RSV, rhinovirus

18
Q

bronchiolitis admit to hospital?

A

if hypoxic - O2 sat < 90%

-or dehydrated

19
Q

HA, malaise, low grade fever, adolescent, mildly productive cough, wheezing and dyspnea, scattered rales and wheezes

A

mycoplasma pneumonia

20
Q

premature baby

A

respiratory distress syndrome

hyaline membane disease

21
Q

CXR for respiratory distress

A

hyperinflation
air bronchograms
diffuse granularity

can look like group B strep as well
-so give antibiotics

22
Q

prematurity

A

decreased surfactant
hypoxemia and CO2 retention
acidosis, hypoperfusion
endo and epithelial damage

fibrin > hyaline membrane formation

23
Q

tx CMV

A

gangciclovir

24
Q

CMV

A

DNA herpesvirus

massive enlargement of affected cells with inclusions in cells

25
Q

most common congenital viral infection

A

CMV

hearing impairment**, mental retardation, cerebral palsy

26
Q

transmission of CMV

A

prenatal or natal infection (cervical/vaginal infections

27
Q

breast milk

A

sheds CMV

also blood transfusion and organ transplants

28
Q

sensorineural hearing loss

A

in CMV infants

30-65% of asymptomatic patients

29
Q

coombs negative hemolytic anemia

A

not immune mediated

30
Q

intracranial calcificaitons

A

CMV

31
Q

bronchopulmonary dysplasia

A

premature infants with following RDS

-developed CXR with coarse, streaky infiltration with small ares of emphysema and occasionally appeared cystic

babies on ventilators - O2 is strong oxidizer - high pressure on lungs also damages

32
Q

baby on ventilator

A

bronchopulmonary dysplasia

33
Q

stage 1 BPD

A

2-3 days after birth CXR granular appearances

34
Q

stage 2 BPD

A

4-10 days after birth X-ray shows complete opacification of lungs

35
Q

stage 3 BPD

A

10-20 days after birth X-ray shows round cystic lucencies with alternating opacities

36
Q

stage 4 BPD

A

1 month after birth CXR shows enlargement of lucencies and increasing strands of opacity

bubbly lung

37
Q

stress and cytokine

A

increase surfactant production

RESP II Exam 2 (23 decks)

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