Drugs for Rhinitis and Allergies

Question 1

allergic rhinitis tx

Answer 1

nasal spray
-prevent systemic side effects

antihistamines, antimuscarinics, cromolyn, topical corticosteroids, alpha-agonists

Question 2

H1 receptor antagonists

Answer 2

antihistamines

second generation do not cross BBB - no drowsy

Question 3

diphenhydramine

Answer 3

first generation H1 antagonist

Question 4

chlorpheniramine

Answer 4

first generation H1

Question 5

2nd generation H1 antagonists

Answer 5

cetirizine
fexofenadine
loratadine
desloratadine
azelastine - intranasal spray

no drowsiness - more hydrophilic - don’t cross to CNS

Question 6

intranasal spray, 2nd generation H1 antagonist

Answer 6

azelastine

Question 7

2nd generation H1 blocker

Answer 7

less to CNS

longer half life

less anti-muscarinic side effects

Question 8

antihistamine effects

Answer 8

relieve sneezing, nasal itching and discharge

NOT much effect on congestion

Question 9

first gen H1 blockers

Answer 9

sedation
dizzy, tinnitus, nervous, insomnia
dry mouth
urinary retention

Question 10

decongestant

Answer 10

alpha-agonist

vasoconstriction - reduce edema

effective for relief of congestion

NOT sneezing, itching, discharge

combo with H1 blocker

Question 11

pseudoephedrine

Answer 11

alpha agonist

-restriction - make meth

Question 12

medicamentosa

Answer 12

rebound congestion and rhinitis - drug induced

from 3 days use of alpha-agonist decongestant

Question 13

antitussives

Answer 13

opioids

• central suppression of cough reflex
• codeine, dextromethorphan

non-opioids - benoxinate, diphenhydramine

Question 14

diphenhydramine

Answer 14

non-opioid antitussive and antihistamine

Question 15

expectorants

Answer 15

facilitate excretion mucus

Question 16

n-acetyl-cysteine

Answer 16

breaks sulfhydryl bonds in mucus

expectorant

Question 17

guafinesin

Answer 17

facilitate removal of viscous mucus

expectorant

Question 18

dornase alpha

Answer 18

expectorant
-useful in CF

get rid of mucus

Question 19

most effective drugs for relief of symptoms of allergic

Answer 19

intranasal corticosteroids

Question 20

ocular allergy

Answer 20

allergic conjunctivitis

itching

2nd generation oral antihistamines

Question 21

tx allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 21

antihistamine/decongestant combo

pheniramine/naphazoline
antazoline/naphazoline

OTC - short acting

Question 22

prophylaxis of type A influenza

Answer 22

amantadine

inhibit uncoating of viral nucleic acids

Question 23

bird flu

Answer 23

H5N1

tamiflu - oseltamivir

Question 24

relenza

Answer 24

inhaler neuraminidase inhibitor