Asthma DSA Flashcards

1
Q

definition of asthma

A

3 components

1 recurrent airway obstruction - resolves with treatment
2 airway hyper-responsiveness, exaggerated bronchoconstriction in response to stimuli with little or no effect on non-asthmatic patients
3 airway inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

asthma populations

A

8% adults
boys more than girls
before age 25 common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

mild asthma

A

edema and hyperemia of mucosa plus mucosal infiltration with mast cells, eosionphils, and lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

moderate asthma

A

chemokines eotaxin, RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha, IL 8 lead to inflammation and smooth m consriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

severe asthma

A

hypertrophy and hyperplasia of airway glands and smooth m lead to severe airway thickening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

airway obstruction causes

A

1 constriction of airway smooth m
2 thickened airway epithelium
3 liquids in airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ACh

A

stimulate M3 muscarinics - causing smooth m constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

histamine

A

released from mast cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

leukotrienes and lipoxins

A

derived by lipoxygenation of arachidonic acid released from target cell membrane phospholipids during cell activation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

nitric oxide

A

produced by airway epithelium and by inflammatory cells found in asthmatic lung
-high levels found during asthma attack**

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

mild intermittent asthma

A

symptoms for < 2 days / week or < 2 nights / week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

mild persistent asthma

A

symptoms > 2 days / week but < 1 daily, or > 2 nights / month

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

moderate persistent asthma

A

symptoms daily or > 1/night

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

severe persistent asthma

A

symptoms continual during day or frequent at night

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

tachypnea, tachycardia, pulsus paradoxus, accessory muscle use, hyperinflamtion, prolonged FEV1, expiratory wheezing

A

asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

asthma ABG

A

often hypocapnea

if normalizes- may indicate resp failure

17
Q

asthma CBC

A

eosinophilia, elevated IgE

18
Q

asthma EKG

A

sinus tachycardia, RBBB, P pulmonale, ST-T changes

19
Q

intermittent asthma Tx

A

short acting beta2 agonist

20
Q

mild persistent asthma Tx

A

short acting beta2 agonist

inhaled corticosteroid

alternate - mast cell stabilizer, leukotriene-receptor antagonist, theophylline

21
Q

moderate persistent asthma Tx

A

short acting beta2 agonist

low-medium dose corticosteroid

long acting beta2 agonist

alternate - inhaled corticosteroids and leukotriene antagonist or theophylline

22
Q

severe persistent asthma Tx

A

short acting beta2 agonist PRN

high dose inhaled corticosteroid and long acting beta2 agonist

if severe - prednisone

23
Q

omalizumab

A

monoclonal antibody for IgE

moderate to severe persistent asthma with reactivity to allergen and who inhaled corticosteroid Tx does not work