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Anatomy > Pectoral Region > Flashcards

Pectoral Region Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoral region: name subcutaneous nerves

A

Supraclavicular
Pectoral
Intercostal

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2
Q

Pectoral region: supravlavicular nerves

A 
3 cutaneous nerves - common trunk from plexus = under SCM
Ventral rami of C3 + 4
Post. triangle, under platysma
Over clavicle
Supply skin over ICS 1 + 2
Medial, intermediate + lateral branches
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3
Q

Pectoral region: pectoral nerves

A 
Lateral = more med. - from lat. cord
Medial = more lat. - from med. cord
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4
Q

Typical IC nerve: structure

A 
Spinal cord
Dorsal + ventral roots
Spinal ganglion
Dorsal + ventral rami
Dorsal ramus = lat. + med. branches
Ventral ramus = lat. cutaneous + ant. cutaneous
Lat. = ant. + post.
Ant. = lat. + med.
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5
Q

Important dermatomes

A 
T2 = 2nd ICS
T4 = nipple
T6/7 = xiphoid prcoess
T10 = umbilicus
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6
Q

Pectoral region: subcutaneous blood vessels

A

Thoraco-acromial a. - deltoid + pectoral br.
ITA - perforating br.
Cephalic v.

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7
Q

Pectoral muscles: name

A

Pec. major
Pec. minor
Serratus ant.
Subclavius

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8
Q

Pectoralis major: origin

A

Sternal end of clavicle
Sternum to 7th rib
Cartilages of true ribs
Aponeurosis of ext. obliques

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9
Q

Pectoralis major: insertion

A

Lat. lip of intertubercular sulcus (humerus)

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10
Q

Pectoralis major: innervation

A

Med. + lat. pectoral nerve

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11
Q

Pectoralis major: function

A

Flex, adduct + medially rotate arm

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12
Q

Pectoralis minor: origin

A

Outer surface of upper margin of ribs 3-5

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13
Q

Pectoralis minor: insertion

A

Coracoid process

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14
Q

Pectoralis minor: innervation

A

Med. pectoral nerve

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15
Q

Pectoralis minor: function

A

Lower lat. angle + protract scapula

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16
Q

Serratus anterior: origin

A

Lat. surface of upper 8/9 ribs

17
Q

Serratus anterior: insertion

A

Costal surface of medial border of scapula

18
Q

Serratus anterior: function

A

Protracts + rotates scapula

Holds it against thoracic wall

19
Q

Serratus anterior: innervation

A

Long thoracic nerve

20
Q

Subclavius muscle: function

A

Anchors + depresses clavicle

21
Q

Extrathoracic muscles: name

A

Serratus anterior
External oblique
Rectus abdominis

22
Q

External oblique muscles: origin

A

External surfaces of ribs 5-12

23
Q

External oblique muscles: insertion

A

Linea alba
Pubic tubercle
Ant. half iliac crest

24
Q

Rectus abdominis: origin

A

Pubic symphysis + pubic crest

25
Q

Rectus abdominis: insertion

A

Xiphoid process

Cartilages 5-7

26
Q

Primary inspiratory muscles

A

Rest + deep

Diaphragm + IC muscles

27
Q

Secondary inspiratory muscles

A

Deep
Neck = SCM + scalenus
Thorax = pec. major, minor + serratus ant.
Back = latissiumus dorsi

28
Q

Primary expiratory muscles

A

None

Passive

29
Q

Secondary expiratory muscles

A

Forced
Thorax = thoracicus transversus
Abdomen = rectus abdominis + obliques

30
Q

Clavipectoral fascia: penetrating structures

A

Cephalic v.
Thoraco-acromial a.
Lat. pectoral n.
Lymph vessels

31
Q

Clavipectoral fascia: arrangement

A 
Deep to pec. major
From clavicle
Encloses subclavius 
Single 
Pec. minor
Unites
Suspensory ligament of axilla
Floor of axilla
1st-2nd cartilages to med. aspect of coracoid process = costocaracoid membrane
32
Q

Mammary gland: surface anatomy

A 
Vert. = 2nd-6th ribs
Horz. = parasternal border to MAL
Covers pec. major + serratus ant.
Inferomedial quadrant = ext. oblique
Nipple varies, usually 4th ICS
33
Q

Mammary gland: structure

A

15-20 lobules = lactiferous ducts + sinuses
Retinacula cutis = suspensory ligaments - skin to deep fascia
Fat between tissue
Areola + nipple = involuntary m. + lymphatics - opening of ducts
Axillary tail = upwards + laterally to 3rd rib in axilla - enters in deep fascia

34
Q

Mammary gland: blood supply

A

Laterally:

  • axillary artery
  • superior, lateral, thoraco-acromial + subscapular

Medially:

  • ITA
  • 2nd-4th IC a.
35
Q

Mammary gland: venous drainage

A

Axillary
IT v.
IC v.

36
Q

Mammary gland: lymphatic drainage

A

Lat. + sup. = axillary nodes
Med. = parasternal nodes
Inf. = into abdomen

Anatomy (16 decks)

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