Lateral Cervical Region

Question 1

Posterior triangle: borders

Answer 1

Post. border SCM = ant.
Ant. border trapezius = post.
Middle third clavicle = inf/base

Question 2

Posterior triangle: apex

Answer 2

SCM + trapezius

Question 3

Posterior triangle: roof

Answer 3

Investing layer of deep fascia

Question 4

Posterior triangle: floor

Answer 4

All = prevertebral, except omohyoid
Semispinalis capitis
Splenius capitis
Levator scapulae
Post. , middle + inf. scalenes
Inf. belly omohyoid

Question 5

Omohyoid muscle: position + fascia

Answer 5

Investing layer of deep fascia
Inf. portion of post. , under SCM, emerges in ant.
Sup. belly = ant. + inf. belly = post.
Divides post. into subclavian traingle (inf.) + occipital triangle (sup.)

Question 6

Posterior triangle: content

Answer 6

Floor content
Subclavian a.
Suprascapular a.
Occipital a.
Transverse cervical a.
Accessory nerve
Brachial plexus
EJV

Question 7

Nerves of posterior triangle: name

Answer 7

Accessory n.
Cervical plexus:
*lesser occipital n.
*greater auricular n.
*transverse cervical n.
*supraclavicular.
*ansa cervicalis
Phrenic n.
Brachial plexus

Question 8

Accessory nerve: course

Answer 8

Leaves cranial cavity, jugular foramen
Desc. post., ant. border - passes deep + innervates
Desc., enter post. triangle
Cross triangle with investing layer
Ant. border trap. - passes deep + innervates
Superficial as it crosses = susceptible to injury

Question 9

Carefree + careful zones

Answer 9

Carefree = above accessory n. - lesser occipital
Careful = below n. - rest of nerves in post. triangle

Question 10

Cervical plexus: root value, superficial branches + deep branches

Answer 10

Root = ant. rami C1-C4
Superficial = post. edge SCM + sensory
Deep = anteromedial + motor

Question 11

Lesser occipital nerve: root value, location + innervation

Answer 11

C2 (3)
Post. border SCM, ascends, post. ear
Innervates skin of neck + scalp post. ear

Question 12

Greater auricular nerve: root value, location + innervation

Answer 12

C2 + 3
Post. border SCM, ascends across, base of ear
Innervates skin of parotid region, ear + mastoid area

Question 13

Transverse cervical nerve: root value, location + innervation

Answer 13

C2 + 3
Post. border SCM, crosses muscle in middle + cont. horizontally
Innervates ant. + lat. neck

Question 14

Supraclavicular nerves: root value, location + innervation

Answer 14

C3 + 4
Emerge post. border SCM + descend
Innervate skin over clavicle + shoulder, as far inf. as rib 2

Question 15

Ansa cervicalis: root value, location + innervation

Answer 15

C1-3
Sup. root (C1) exits with hypoglossal + separates in carotid triangle
Inf. root (C2+C3) = loop over IJV
Innervates strap muscles

Question 16

Phrenic nerve: root value, location + innervation

Answer 16

C3-5
Ant. to ant. scalene + enters thorax at inlet
Supplies diaphragm - sensory + motor

Question 17

Brachial plexus: root value, location + innervation

Answer 17

C5-8 + T1
Roots = btw. ant. + middle scalenes
5 rami unite + form 3 trunks
Trunks descend inferolaterally through lat. cervical region

Question 18

Suprascapular nerve: root value, location + innervation

Answer 18

Sup. trunk of brachial plexus = C5 + 6
Runs lat. through post. triangle
Supplies supraspinatus + infraspinatus m. = post. aspect of scapula