Peabody

Question 1

Reflex

Answer 1

Measures the child’s ability to automatically react to environmental events

Primitive reflexes - used for under one year of age

Question 2

Stationary

Answer 2

Measures the child’s ability to sustain control of his or her body within its CG and retain equilibrium

Pulling to sit
Equilibrium
Protective rxns
Transitions
Standing on one foot
Tip toes
Sit ups
Push ups

Question 3

Locomotion

Answer 3

Measures the child’s ability to move their body

Static standing
Rolling
Creeping
Crawling
Coming to stand, stepping
Walking
Jumping
Stairs
Balance

Question 4

Object manipulation

Answer 4

Measures the child’s ability to play with a ball

Catching
Throwing
Kicking

Question 5

2 Fine Motor Subtests

Answer 5

Grasping

Visual motor integration

Question 6

Grasping

Answer 6

Measure the child’s ability to use their fingers and hands

Reflex
Grasp and release
Pulling objects
Grasping cubes
Buttoning

Question 7

Visual Motor Integration

Answer 7

Measure the child’s ability to integrate and use their visual perceptual skills to perform complex eye-hand coordination tasks

Tracking
Symmetry and midline
Transferring objects
Grasp and release of objects
Scribbling
Building
Sorting shapes
Drawing (imitating strokes)
Stringing beads
Cutting
Folding paper

Question 8

Administration

Answer 8

Establish entry point
Establish basal
Establish ceiling

Question 9

Entry point

Answer 9

Determined by child’s adjusted age and clinical judgment allowing the child to be successful

Question 10

Basal

Answer 10

When child receives 3 2’s in a row

All items below basal are scored 2

Question 11

Ceiling

Answer 11

When child receives 3 0’s in a row

Once ceiling is reached, testing stops

Question 12

Scoring

Answer 12

0 Child cannot or will not attempt the item OR attempt does not show that the skill is emerging

1 Child’s performance shows a clear resemblance to the item mastery criteria but does not fully meet criteria

2 The child performs criteria according to criteria specified for mastery

Question 13

Raw score

Answer 13

Sum of scores of total of individual items administered

Question 14

Standard score

Answer 14

Deviation or variation from the mean of the group (SD)

ALL obtained from tables in the manual

OR

By using PDMS-2 Online Scoring and Reporting System

Question 15

Gross Motor Quotient (GMQ)

Answer 15

Measures the child’s ability to use large mm systems to react to environmental changes, assume a stable posture when not moving, move from place to place and to catch, throw, and kick a ball

Question 16

Fine Motor Quotient (FMQ)

Answer 16

Measures the child’s ability to use their fingers, hands, and to some extent their arms to grasp objects, stack blocks, and draw and manipulate objects

Question 17

Advantages

Answer 17

Standardized

3-pt scoring system allows for assessment of emerging skills

Test items are functional skill that can be used for treatment programs

Question 18

Disadvantages

Answer 18

Does not assess quality of movement

Criteria are often fuzzy

Many items to administer

Need practice, need to remember sequence of items

Question 19

Caution in using PDMS-2

Answer 19

Be aware of quality of movement

Consider mm tone, ROM, sensation

Consider testing environment and child’s testing ability

Know child’s ability for following directions

Consider child’s sight and hearing

Note any adaptations/compensations used by children with atypical movement patterns

Question 20

4 Gross Motor Scale Subtests

Answer 20

Reflex
Stationary
Locomotion
Object manipulation