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Peds > Assistive Technology > Flashcards

Assistive Technology Flashcards

1
Q

Assistive Technology Team

A 
PT
OT
Speech Therapist
Rehab Engineer
Rehab Technology Supplier
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2
Q

Equipment on IEP?

A

YES it becomes a requirement of the school to purchase it for the child for their function

After graduation, it is the school’s

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3
Q

RESNA

A

Certifies and trains rehab techs

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4
Q

ATP

A

Vendor that comes and works with you to help build the equipment

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5
Q

ATS

A

Supplies equipment

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6
Q

Role of Assistive Tech/Adaptive Equipment

A

To allow for safe and proper positioning for fx in home, school, and free time

To provide reinforcements of positions and movements introduced during tx and reduce use of abnormal movements and postures

To provide perceptual, cognitive, and social interax with environment

To assist in daily management of the child

To provide safe transportation

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7
Q

Windblown Posture

A

For those with severe ATNR

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8
Q

Precautions with Assistive Tech/Adaptive Equipment

A

Poor planning - choice, fitting/growth, match with home environment

Misuse - caretaker’s ability to care for the equipment

Positioning vs. restraint

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9
Q

Selection Process

A

Collect Initial Data

Generate a Problem Statement

Establish Realistic Goals and Outcomes

Perform Physical Examination

Generate a Working Hypothesis

Plan the Intervention Strategy

Implement the Intervention Strategy

Follow-up and Reassessment

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10
Q

Implement the Intervention Strategy

A

Select components and interfaces

Secure funding

Assemble or construct the assistive technology package (your RTS will probably do this)

Delivery the system

Provide training

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11
Q

Assistive Technology

A

Any item, piece of equipment, or product system that increases, maintains, or improves an individual’s functional status

Used to promote the development and acquisition of skills that a client lacks due to disease or injury

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12
Q

Areas to Assess for AT

A 
Physical
Sensory deficits
Perceptual skills
Cognitive deficits
Functional abilities
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13
Q

Psychosocial Issues with AT

A

Equipment can draw attn to a child’s disabilities and his or her differences

Can be emotionally and socially challenging for the child with a disability

Can physically separate a child

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14
Q

Benefits of Sitting

A

Optimal for UE function

Enhances overall functioning by providing an adequate and secure base of support

Inhibits abnormal tone, providing a stable base from which the UE can function

Improves perception of the environment

Significant social benefits to being upright in sitting and mobile

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15
Q

Goal of Sitting Position

A

To align the child without restricting the movements and postural adjustments available to the child

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16
Q

Strollers

A

Adapt a regular stroller

Get a special stroller, will it be used on a school bus?

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17
Q

Cruiser

A

30-degree fixed tilt

Over 20 different positioning options available

Crash-tested transit models available

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18
Q

Rodeo

A

Ultra-lightweight tilt-in-space

Optional firm lateral supports and medical necessity tray

Crash-tested transit models available sizes 12, 14, and 16

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19
Q

Wheelchairs

A

Manual vs stroller vs power vs scooters

Tilt-in-space vs recline

Inserts: commercial vs custom

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20
Q

Rigid Wheelchair Frame

A

Does not fold, but the wheels are removable

Increased stability and ease of rolling

Choice for sports and recreation

21
Q

Cross-braced (X-frame) folding frame

A

More adjustability

Better ability to “grow”

22
Q

Power Wheelchairs

A

Heavy, difficult to disassemble

Require a van for transport and ramps

Sophisticated electronically

Requires frequent fine tuning and adjusting

Usually accommodate environmental control symptoms

Can allow changes in position (reclining)

Can be operated using a variety of switches or other types of controls

23
Q

Wheelchair Seat

A

Seat width should allow for growth and should be able to accommodate outerwear for cold winter climates

1 in on each side to be appropriate solid seat, used with a cushion, to avoid the slinging effect of upholstery

24
Q

Cushions

A

Are available made of dense foam, or gel, as well as air-filled

Protect skin from breakdown

Change the patient’s placement and alignment within the chair

25
Q

Seat Depth

A

Permit comfortable knee flexion without popliteal pressure

A solid seat back with hardware placed between the uprights often allows for several inches of growth

26
Q

Sling Wheelchair Backrest

A

Can compromise good positioning or alignment

Improve mobility

Increasing sitting tolerance

Decrease weight of the wheelchair by eliminating heavy inserts and hardware

27
Q

Seat Backrest

A

Below the scapulae (sometimes)

Headrest for transportation or postural support

Difficult to mount a headrest on a sling-type backrest

28
Q

Foot plates and Leg Rests

A

Dictated by pt size and the wheelchair caster wheel size

Multiple-angle plates allow for the braced and nonbraced foot

Removable leg rests are desirable

29
Q

Wheel Size/Caster

A

Caster size the ULTIMATE compromise

5-8 inches

In a small-framed chair, adjustability of rear axle is lost if the caster is too big (clearance between the two wheels is minimal)

Small tires add maneuverability but get stuck in cracks, ditches

30
Q

Elbow extension when rim grasped at highest point

A

120 degrees

31
Q

Pneumatic tires

A

Give a smoother ride by adding some shock absorbency for older, heavier children

Better on rough terrain

32
Q

Wheel size

A

Most energy-efficient propulsion

33
Q

Armrest height

A

Should be comfortable

Should allow the pt to take some wt off the shoulders

Should allow easy access to the wheels (experienced users prefer no armrests)

Caregivers often rely on them for added support when transferring the chair into and out of vehicles

34
Q

Locks/brakes

A

Should be placed for easiest management

Can be operated either by pushing or pulling, depending on the pt’s preference and abilities

Many companies also offer high- or low-mount options for brakes

35
Q

Seat belts

A

Should originate at the angle of the backseat and backrest on both sides

Close over the child low on the pelvis

Anti-tippers are a MUST on a child’s wheelchair, especially the young child and the novice wheelchair user

36
Q

Lapboards or Trays

A

Carefully fitted to not increase overall width of the chair

Lapboards made of clear Lucite or similar material are preferable to opaque lap boards

  • facilitates positive body image
  • positive impact on child’s interactions with others
37
Q

Standers

A

Useful if the physiologic benefits of weight bearing are the major goal

Benefits - bone health, hip development, physiological

Accommodate hands-free standing

Benefit is to allow children to interact with peers in play or school situations

38
Q

Prone Standers

A

To increase head/trunk extension

Used frequently for children who require the position of hands-free upright standing

Trunk, buttocks, and LE are all supported

Can change the angle to change the amount of WB

Can vary the amount of WB

Can vary the amount of ext

39
Q

Avoid in Prone Standers

A

Hyperext of neck

Exaggerated retraction of scapulae with UE in high guard position

Poor symmetry and midline position of the trunk

40
Q

Supine Standers

A

To increase head/neck flexion

Allows WB through the trunk and LEs

Child secured around the trunk, hips, and knees

Angled toward a 90-degree upright position

No UE WB

41
Q

Avoid in Supine Standers

A

Avoid thoracic kyphosis and forward head

42
Q

Walkers

A

Anterior vs posterior

Straight or swivel wheelie

Max or min support

Gait trainers

43
Q

Kaye posture control walkers

A

Posterior rollator

Very commonly used

Measure - back bar should hit mid-buttock

44
Q

Gait trainers

A

Rifton Pacer gait trainer

Common but expensive

Basic measure - floor to height of elbow when flexed

Need to choose components (prompts)

Need more extensive justification

45
Q

Tilt and Recline

A

A slight backward tilt helps most children sit in a better, more relaxed position

May help to tip the chair back even more

This may cause his head to lean back so his eyes look upward. A head pad may help position him to look forward, and may decrease some spasticity

46
Q

Seating Assessment

A

Begin in supine - pelvic/hip mobility, knee ROM to see effect on lumbar spine

Place child in sitting - assess trunk and pelvic alignment

47
Q

Letter of Medical Necessity

A

Demographics

Diagnosis

Functional Description - postural control, distance able to ambulate

Description of current equipment

Description of requested equipment and benefit to the patient - trial of use of equipment, why other equipment not appropriate

Accessibility to home or where equipment will be used

Trial of equipment

Parents instructed in use of equipment

Estimated lifespan of equipment

48
Q

Rifton LMN

A

Describe who you are, what you want, beneficiary’s name

Establish your credentials and relationship to beneficiary

Explain beneficiary’s condition, including diagnosis, or nature of injury

Describe beneficiary’s current functional level noting their limitations without the requested equipment

State the type of equipment and accessories being requested

Describe why the device is medically necessary

Show how the requested equipment will result in an increase of function and other physical benefits

Peds (25 decks)

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