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Assistive Technology Flashcards

1
Q

Assistive Technology Team

A 
PT
OT
Speech Therapist
Rehab Engineer
Rehab Technology Supplier
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2
Q

Equipment on IEP?

A

YES it becomes a requirement of the school to purchase it for the child for their function

After graduation, it is the school’s

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3
Q

RESNA

A

Certifies and trains rehab techs

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4
Q

ATP

A

Vendor that comes and works with you to help build the equipment

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5
Q

ATS

A

Supplies equipment

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6
Q

Role of Assistive Tech/Adaptive Equipment

A

To allow for safe and proper positioning for fx in home, school, and free time

To provide reinforcements of positions and movements introduced during tx and reduce use of abnormal movements and postures

To provide perceptual, cognitive, and social interax with environment

To assist in daily management of the child

To provide safe transportation

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7
Q

Windblown Posture

A

For those with severe ATNR

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8
Q

Precautions with Assistive Tech/Adaptive Equipment

A

Poor planning - choice, fitting/growth, match with home environment

Misuse - caretaker’s ability to care for the equipment

Positioning vs. restraint

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9
Q

Selection Process

A

Collect Initial Data

Generate a Problem Statement

Establish Realistic Goals and Outcomes

Perform Physical Examination

Generate a Working Hypothesis

Plan the Intervention Strategy

Implement the Intervention Strategy

Follow-up and Reassessment

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10
Q

Implement the Intervention Strategy

A

Select components and interfaces

Secure funding

Assemble or construct the assistive technology package (your RTS will probably do this)

Delivery the system

Provide training

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11
Q

Assistive Technology

A

Any item, piece of equipment, or product system that increases, maintains, or improves an individual’s functional status

Used to promote the development and acquisition of skills that a client lacks due to disease or injury

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12
Q

Areas to Assess for AT

A 
Physical
Sensory deficits
Perceptual skills
Cognitive deficits
Functional abilities
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13
Q

Psychosocial Issues with AT

A

Equipment can draw attn to a child’s disabilities and his or her differences

Can be emotionally and socially challenging for the child with a disability

Can physically separate a child

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14
Q

Benefits of Sitting

A

Optimal for UE function

Enhances overall functioning by providing an adequate and secure base of support

Inhibits abnormal tone, providing a stable base from which the UE can function

Improves perception of the environment

Significant social benefits to being upright in sitting and mobile

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15
Q

Goal of Sitting Position

A

To align the child without restricting the movements and postural adjustments available to the child

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16
Q

Strollers

A

Adapt a regular stroller

Get a special stroller, will it be used on a school bus?

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17
Q

Cruiser

A

30-degree fixed tilt

Over 20 different positioning options available

Crash-tested transit models available

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18
Q

Rodeo

A

Ultra-lightweight tilt-in-space

Optional firm lateral supports and medical necessity tray

Crash-tested transit models available sizes 12, 14, and 16

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19
Q

Wheelchairs

A

Manual vs stroller vs power vs scooters

Tilt-in-space vs recline

Inserts: commercial vs custom

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20
Q

Rigid Wheelchair Frame

A

Does not fold, but the wheels are removable

Increased stability and ease of rolling

Choice for sports and recreation

21
Q

Cross-braced (X-frame) folding frame

A

More adjustability

Better ability to “grow”

22
Q

Power Wheelchairs

A

Heavy, difficult to disassemble

Require a van for transport and ramps

Sophisticated electronically

Requires frequent fine tuning and adjusting

Usually accommodate environmental control symptoms

Can allow changes in position (reclining)

Can be operated using a variety of switches or other types of controls

23
Q

Wheelchair Seat

A

Seat width should allow for growth and should be able to accommodate outerwear for cold winter climates

1 in on each side to be appropriate solid seat, used with a cushion, to avoid the slinging effect of upholstery

24
Q

Cushions

A

Are available made of dense foam, or gel, as well as air-filled

Protect skin from breakdown

Change the patient’s placement and alignment within the chair

25
Seat Depth
Permit comfortable knee flexion without popliteal pressure A solid seat back with hardware placed between the uprights often allows for several inches of growth
26
Sling Wheelchair Backrest
Can compromise good positioning or alignment Improve mobility Increasing sitting tolerance Decrease weight of the wheelchair by eliminating heavy inserts and hardware
27
Seat Backrest
Below the scapulae (sometimes) Headrest for transportation or postural support Difficult to mount a headrest on a sling-type backrest
28
Foot plates and Leg Rests
Dictated by pt size and the wheelchair caster wheel size Multiple-angle plates allow for the braced and nonbraced foot Removable leg rests are desirable
29
Wheel Size/Caster
Caster size the ULTIMATE compromise 5-8 inches In a small-framed chair, adjustability of rear axle is lost if the caster is too big (clearance between the two wheels is minimal) Small tires add maneuverability but get stuck in cracks, ditches
30
Elbow extension when rim grasped at highest point
120 degrees
31
Pneumatic tires
Give a smoother ride by adding some shock absorbency for older, heavier children Better on rough terrain
32
Wheel size
Most energy-efficient propulsion
33
Armrest height
Should be comfortable Should allow the pt to take some wt off the shoulders Should allow easy access to the wheels (experienced users prefer no armrests) Caregivers often rely on them for added support when transferring the chair into and out of vehicles
34
Locks/brakes
Should be placed for easiest management Can be operated either by pushing or pulling, depending on the pt's preference and abilities Many companies also offer high- or low-mount options for brakes
35
Seat belts
Should originate at the angle of the backseat and backrest on both sides Close over the child low on the pelvis Anti-tippers are a MUST on a child's wheelchair, especially the young child and the novice wheelchair user
36
Lapboards or Trays
Carefully fitted to not increase overall width of the chair Lapboards made of clear Lucite or similar material are preferable to opaque lap boards * facilitates positive body image * positive impact on child's interactions with others
37
Standers
Useful if the physiologic benefits of weight bearing are the major goal Benefits - bone health, hip development, physiological Accommodate hands-free standing Benefit is to allow children to interact with peers in play or school situations
38
Prone Standers
To increase head/trunk extension Used frequently for children who require the position of hands-free upright standing Trunk, buttocks, and LE are all supported Can change the angle to change the amount of WB Can vary the amount of WB Can vary the amount of ext
39
Avoid in Prone Standers
Hyperext of neck Exaggerated retraction of scapulae with UE in high guard position Poor symmetry and midline position of the trunk
40
Supine Standers
To increase head/neck flexion Allows WB through the trunk and LEs Child secured around the trunk, hips, and knees Angled toward a 90-degree upright position No UE WB
41
Avoid in Supine Standers
Avoid thoracic kyphosis and forward head
42
Walkers
Anterior vs posterior Straight or swivel wheelie Max or min support Gait trainers
43
Kaye posture control walkers
Posterior rollator Very commonly used Measure - back bar should hit mid-buttock
44
Gait trainers
Rifton Pacer gait trainer Common but expensive Basic measure - floor to height of elbow when flexed Need to choose components (prompts) Need more extensive justification
45
Tilt and Recline
A slight backward tilt helps most children sit in a better, more relaxed position May help to tip the chair back even more This may cause his head to lean back so his eyes look upward. A head pad may help position him to look forward, and may decrease some spasticity
46
Seating Assessment
Begin in supine - pelvic/hip mobility, knee ROM to see effect on lumbar spine Place child in sitting - assess trunk and pelvic alignment
47
Letter of Medical Necessity
Demographics Diagnosis Functional Description - postural control, distance able to ambulate Description of current equipment Description of requested equipment and benefit to the patient - trial of use of equipment, why other equipment not appropriate Accessibility to home or where equipment will be used Trial of equipment Parents instructed in use of equipment Estimated lifespan of equipment
48
Rifton LMN
Describe who you are, what you want, beneficiary's name Establish your credentials and relationship to beneficiary Explain beneficiary's condition, including diagnosis, or nature of injury Describe beneficiary's current functional level noting their limitations without the requested equipment State the type of equipment and accessories being requested Describe why the device is medically necessary Show how the requested equipment will result in an increase of function and other physical benefits

Peds (25 decks)

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