PD_18/08/20 --> Tc --> 5LB-->1-25

Question 1

fandom

Answer 1

1. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   Fandom is the state of being an enthusiastic fan of something or someone.
   Fandom has become increasingly interactive in the internet age.
2. COUNTABLE NOUN
   Someone’s or something’s fandom is their group of enthusiastic fans.
   The fandom reacted with rage to news of the series being cancelled.

Question 2

apportion

verb [ T ] formal

Answer 2

to give or share out something, especially blame or money, among several people or things:
When we know how much is profit, then we can apportion the money among/between us.
The investigation into the air crash would inevitably apportion blame to certain members of the crew.

Question 3

illusion

noun

Answer 3

an idea or belief that is not true:
He had no illusions about his talents as a singer.
I’m under no illusions (= I understand the truth) about the man I married.
My boss is labouring under the illusion that (= wrongly believes that) the project will be completed on time.

Question 4

delusion

noun [ C or U ]

Answer 4

belief in something that is not true:

[ + that ] He’s under the delusion that he will be promoted this year.

Question 5

dementia

noun [ U ] MEDICAL specialized

Answer 5

a medical condition that affects especially old people, causing the memory and other mental abilities to gradually become worse, and leading to confused behaviour:
The most common form of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease.

Question 6

hysteria

noun [ U ]

Answer 6

extreme fear, excitement, anger, etc. that cannot be controlled:
One woman, close to hysteria, grabbed my arm.
Tabloid hysteria about the murders has increased public fears.
mass hysteria

Question 7

stigmatize

Answer 7

VERB
If someone or something is stigmatized, they are unfairly regarded by many people as being bad or having something to be ashamed of.
Children in single-parent families must not be stigmatised. [be VERB-ed]
People may feel stigmatized by any psychiatric diagnosis. [VERB noun]
They are often stigmatized by the rest of society as lazy and dirty. [be VERB-ed preposition]
Synonyms: brand, label, denounce, mark

Question 8

deify

verb [ T ]

Answer 8

to make someone or something into a god:
The Romans used to deify their emperors.

disapproving
to consider someone or something to be so important that they are almost like a god:
Pelé was deified by his fans.

Question 9

defy

verb [ T ]

Answer 9

to refuse to obey a person, decision, law, situation, etc.:
It is rare to see children openly defying their teachers.
A few workers have defied the majority decision and gone into work despite the strike.
The fact that aircraft don’t fall out of the sky always seems to me to defy (= act against) the law of gravity.
A forest fire raging in southern California is defying (= is not changed by) all attempts to control it.

Question 10

demonize

verb [ T ] (UK usually demonise)

Answer 10

to try to make someone or a group of people seem as if they are evil:
The Nazis used racist propaganda in an attempt to demonize the Jews.

Question 11

excise

noun [ U ]

Answer 11

a tax made by a government on some types of goods produced and used within their own country:
The excise (duty) on beer was increased under the last government.

2. verb
   If someone excises something, they remove it deliberately and completely.
   [formal]
   …a personal crusade to excise racist and sexist references in newspapers. [VERB noun]
   …the question of permanently excising madness from the world. [VERB noun + from]
   Synonyms: delete, cut, remove, erase

Question 12

annotate

verb [ T ] formal

Answer 12

to add a short explanation or opinion to a text or drawing:

Annotated editions of Shakespeare’s plays help readers to understand old words.

Question 13

compelling

adjective

Answer 13

If a reason, argument, etc. is compelling, it makes you believe it or accept it because it is so strong:
compelling evidence
It’s a fairly compelling argument for going.

Question 14

expatriate

noun [ C ]

Answer 14

someone who does not live in their own country:

A large community of expatriates has settled there.

Question 15

yearn

verb [ I ]

Answer 15

to wish very strongly, especially for something that you cannot have or something that is very difficult to have:
Despite his great commercial success he still yearns for critical approval.
[ + to infinitive ] Sometimes I just yearn to be alone.

Question 16

embody

verb [ T ] formal

Answer 16

to represent a quality or an idea exactly:
She embodied good sportsmanship on the playing field.

to include as part of something:
Kennett embodied in one man an unusual range of science, music, and religion.

Question 17

aptitude

noun [ C or U ]

Answer 17

a natural ability or skill:
My son has no/little aptitude for sport.
We will take your personal aptitudes and abilities into account.

Question 18

ordain

Answer 18

1. VERB
   When someone is ordained, they are made a member of the clergy in a religious ceremony.
   He was ordained a Catholic priest in 1982. [be VERB-ed noun]
   Women have been ordained for many years in the Church of Scotland. [be VERB-ed]
   He ordained his own priests. [VERB noun]
   He became a fully ordained monk at the age of 20. [VERB-ed]
   Synonyms: appoint, call, name, commission More Synonyms of ordain
2. VERB
   If some authority or power ordains something, they decide that it should happen or be in existence.
   [formal]
   Nehru ordained that socialism should rule. [VERB that]
   His rule was ordained by heaven. [be VERB-ed]
   The recession may already be severe enough to ordain structural change. [VERB noun]

Question 19

preposterous

Answer 19

ADJECTIVE
If you describe something as preposterous, you mean that it is extremely unreasonable and foolish.
[disapproval]
The whole idea was preposterous.
…their preposterous claim that they had unearthed a plot.
Synonyms: ridiculous, bizarre, incredible, outrageous

Question 20

indemnify

Answer 20

VERB
To indemnify someone against something bad happening means to promise to protect them, especially financially, if it happens.
[formal]
They agreed to indemnify the taxpayers against any loss. [VERB noun + against]
The printers were indemnified against legal action. [V n against n]
It doesn’t have the money to indemnify everybody. [VERB noun]
Synonyms: insure, protect, guarantee, secure

Question 21

anecdote

noun [ C ]

Answer 21

a short, often funny story, especially about something someone has done:
He told one or two amusing anecdotes about his years as a policeman.

Question 22

muse

verb [ I ] formal

Answer 22

to think about something carefully and for a long time:
I began to muse about/on the possibility of starting my own business.

a person, or an imaginary being or force that gives someone ideas and helps them to write, paint, or make music:
The muse has left me - I haven’t written any poetry for months!
Juliet was not only the painter’s best model but also his muse.

Question 23

actuary

noun [ C ]

Answer 23

a person who calculates how likely accidents, such as fire, flood, or loss of property, are to happen, and tells insurance companies how much they should charge their customers

Question 24

doyenne

noun [ C usually singular ]

Answer 24

the oldest, most experienced, and often most respected woman involved in a particular type of work:
The party was held in honour of Vivienne Westwood, that doyenne of British fashion.

Question 25

slander

noun [ C or U ]

Answer 25

a false spoken statement about someone that damages their reputation, or the making of such a statement:
The doctor is suing his partner for slander.
She regarded his comment as a slander on her good reputation.

Question 26

slender

adjective

Answer 26

thin and delicate, often in a way that is attractive:
He put his hands around her slender waist.
The plant’s leaves are long and slender.

small in amount or degree:
a man of slender means (= without much money)
The chances of settling this dispute through talks seem increasingly slender.

Question 27

considerate

adjective

Answer 27

kind and helpful:

It wasn’t very considerate of you to drink all the milk.

Question 28

progeny

noun [ plural ] formal

Answer 28

the young or offspring of a person, animal, or plant:

His numerous progeny are scattered all over the country.

Question 29

lackadaisical

adjective formal

Answer 29

showing little enthusiasm and effort:

The food was nice enough but the service was somewhat lackadaisical.

Question 30

abreast

adverb

Answer 30

used to say that two or more people are next to each other and moving in the same direction:
We were running/swimming two abreast.
The motorcyclist came abreast of her car and shouted abuse at her.

Question 31

apologist

noun [ C ] formal

Answer 31

a person who supports a particular belief or political system, especially an unpopular one, and speaks or writes in defence of it:
communism and its apologists
There are few apologists for the old system.

Question 32

apology

noun

Answer 32

an act of saying that you are sorry for something wrong you have done:
I have an apology to make to you - I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake.
He’s demanding a full apology from the newspaper for making untrue allegations about his personal life.
“Was he at all sorry for what he’d done?” “Oh he was full of apologies (= extremely sorry).”
She complained to the company and they sent her a written apology.
I owe you an apology - I’m afraid I forgot to send that report.
a letter of apology

Question 33

mercenary

Answer 33

ADJECTIVE
If you describe someone as mercenary, you are criticizing them because you think that they are only interested in the money that they can get from a particular person or situation.
He had some mercenary scheme to marry a wealthy widow.

Question 34

lackey

Answer 34

COUNTABLE NOUN
If you describe someone as a lackey, you are critical of them because they follow someone’s orders completely, without ever questioning them.
[disapproval]
I’m not staying as a paid lackey to act as your yes-man.
Synonyms: hanger-on, fawner, pawn, attendant

Question 35

demarcate

verb [ T ]

Answer 35

to show the limits of something:
Parking spaces are demarcated by white lines.
Responsibilities within the department are clearly demarcated.

Question 36

whitewash

noun

Answer 36

an attempt to stop people finding out the true facts about a situation:
The official report on the killings has been denounced as a whitewash.

a complete defeat in a game or competition:
a 6–0 whitewash

Question 37

catapult
noun [ C ]

Hurl

Answer 37

to become famous or important very suddenly, in the process moving beyond others who had been more famous or important:
The album of hit songs catapulted her almost overnight into national stardom.

to throw someone or something with great force:
When the two vehicles collided, he was catapulted forwards.

a device that can throw objects at a high speed:
In the past, armies used catapults to hurl heavy stones at enemy fortifications.
On that type of aircraft carrier, a catapult was used to help launch aircraft.

1. VERB
   If you hurl something, you throw it violently and with a lot of force.
   Groups of angry youths hurled stones at police. [VERB noun preposition]
   One prisoner set fire to rags and hurled them into the courtyard. [VERB noun preposition]
   Simon caught the grenade and hurled it back. [VERB noun with adverb]
   Gangs rioted last night, breaking storefront windows and hurling rocks and bottles. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: throw, fling, chuck [informal], send More Synonyms of hurl
2. VERB
   If you hurl abuse or insults at someone, you shout insults at them aggressively.
   How would you handle being locked in the back of a cab while the driver hurled abuse at you? [VERB noun + at]

Question 38

shabby

adjective

Answer 38

not honourable or fair; unacceptable:
She spoke out about the shabby way the case had been handled.
The company’s treatment of women was shabby.

looking old and in bad condition because of being used for a long time or not being cared for:
He wore a shabby old overcoat.
Her home is a rented one-bedroom apartment in a shabby part of town.
The refugees were shabby (= wore old clothes in bad condition) and hungry.

Question 39

pallid

adjective

Answer 39

very pale, in a way that looks unhealthy and not attractive:
Next to his tanned face, hers seemed pallid and unhealthy.

showing no enthusiasm or excitement:
This is a pallid production of what should be a great ballet.

Question 40

aghast

adjective [ after verb ]

Answer 40

suddenly filled with strong feelings of shock and worry:

He looked at her aghast.

Question 41

utility

noun

Answer 41

a service that is used by the public, such as an electricity or gas supply or a train service:
utility bills

Question 42

utilitarian

adjective

Answer 42

designed to be useful rather than decorative:

Like many factories, it’s a very ugly utilitarian building.

Question 43

weigh

Answer 43

2. VERB
   If you weigh something or someone, you measure how heavy they are.
   The scales can be used to weigh other items such as parcels. [VERB noun]
3. VERB
   If you weigh the facts about a situation, you consider them very carefully before you make a decision, especially by comparing the various facts involved.
   She weighed her options. [VERB noun]
   He is weighing the possibility of filing criminal charges against the doctor. [VERB noun]
   She spoke very slowly, weighing what she would say. [VERB wh]
   Synonyms: consider, study, examine, contemplate
4. VERB
   If a problem weighs on you, it makes you worried or unhappy.
   The separation weighed on both of them. [Von/upon n]
   She knows how your brother’s disappearance weighs upon you. [VERB on/upon noun]
5. VERB
   Something that weighs heavily in a situation has a strong influence or important effect on it.
   Current economic hardships weigh heavily in young women’s decisions to find salaried work. [V adv prep]
   Human life weighed more with him than purity of policy. [V adv prep]
   There are many factors weighing against the meeting happening. [Vagainst n/-ing]

Question 44

emblematic

adjective formal

Answer 44

representing a particular person, group, or idea:

A sword is emblematic of power gained by violence.

Question 45

cajole

verb [ I or T ]

Answer 45

to persuade someone to do something they might not want to do, by pleasant talk and (sometimes false) promises:
He really knows how to cajole people into doing what he wants.
I managed to cajole her out of leaving too early.
The most effective technique is to cajole rather than to threaten.

Question 46

roundly

adverb formal

Answer 46

severely:
The government is being roundly criticized for its education policy.
The home team was roundly defeated.

Question 47

pan

Answer 47

1. COUNTABLE NOUN
   A pan is a round metal container with a long handle, which is used for cooking things in, usually on top of a cooker or stove.
   Heat the butter and oil in a large pan.
   Synonyms: pot, vessel, container, saucepan
2. VERB [usually passive]
   If something such as a film or a book is panned by journalists, they say it is very bad.
   [informal]
   His first high-budget movie, called ‘Brain Donors’, was panned by the critics. [be VERB-ed]
   Synonyms: criticize, knock [informal], blast, hammer [British, informal]
3. VERB
   If you pan a film or television camera or if it pans somewhere, it moves slowly round so that a wide area is filmed.
   The camera panned along the line of players. [VERB preposition/adverb]
   He panned over the crowd for a few minutes before swivelling back to the right. [VERB preposition/adverb]
   A television camera panned the stadium. [VERB noun]
   He panned the camera, giving a sense of motion. [VERB noun]
   [Also VERB]
   Synonyms: move along or across, follow, track, sweep

Question 48

insouciance

noun [ U ] literary

Answer 48

a relaxed and happy way of behaving without feeling worried or guilty:
I admired his youthful insouciance.

Question 49

prompt

Answer 49

1. VERB
   To prompt someone to do something means to make them decide to do it.
   Japan’s recession has prompted consumers to cut back on buying cars. [VERB noun to-infinitive]
   The need for villagers to control their own destinies has prompted a new plan. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: cause, move, inspire, stimulate More Synonyms of prompt
2. VERB
   If you prompt someone when they stop speaking, you encourage or help them to continue. If you prompt an actor, you tell them what their next line is when they have forgotten what comes next.
   ‘Go on,’ the therapist prompted him. [VERB with quote]
   How exactly did he prompt her, Mr Markham? [VERB noun]
   Prompt is also a noun.
   Her blushes were saved by a prompt from one of her hosts.
3. ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
   A prompt action is done without any delay.
   It is not too late, but prompt action is needed.
   …an inflammation of the eyeball which needs prompt treatment.
   Synonyms: immediate, quick, rapid, instant

Question 50

strife

Answer 50

UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
Strife is strong disagreement or fighting.
[formal]
Money is a major cause of strife in many marriages.
The boardroom strife at the company is far from over.
It remains a highly unstable and strife-torn country.
Synonyms: conflict, battle, struggle, row

Question 51

prologue

noun

Answer 51

a part that comes at the beginning of a play, story, or long poem, often giving information about events that happened before the time when the play, story, or poem begins

Question 52

epilogue

noun [ C ] (US also epilog)

Answer 52

a speech or piece of text that is added to the end of a play or book, often giving a short statement about what happens to the characters after the play or book finishes

Question 53

catharsis

noun [ C or U ]

Answer 53

the process of releasing strong emotions through a particular activity or experience, such as writing or theatre, in a way that helps you to understand those emotions

Question 54

coda

noun [ C ]

Answer 54

a piece of music at the end of a longer piece of music, usually separate from the basic structure:
The coda is often more technically difficult than the rest of the piece.

formal
the final or extra part of a speech, event, or piece of writing:
In a coda to the main exhibition are various works that were once attributed to

Question 55

homily

noun [ C ] disapproving

Answer 55

a piece of spoken or written advice about how someone should behave:
He launched into a homily on family relationships.

Question 56

rampage

verb [ I ]

Answer 56

to go through an area making a lot of noise and causing damage:
The demonstrators rampaged through the town, smashing windows and setting fire to cars.
Several villages were destroyed by rampaging soldiers.

violent and usually wild behaviour:
Rioters went on a/the rampage through the city.

Question 57

rampant

adjective

Answer 57

(of something bad) getting worse quickly and in an uncontrolled way:
rampant corruption
Rampant inflation means that our wage increases soon become worth nothing.
He said that he had encountered rampant prejudice in his attempts to get a job.
Disease is rampant in the overcrowded city.

(of an animal represented on a coat of arms) standing on its back legs with its front legs raised:
a lion rampant

Question 58

anticipate

anticipated

Answer 58

VERB
If you anticipate an event, you realize in advance that it may happen and you are prepared for it.
At the time we couldn’t have anticipated the result of our campaigning. [VERB noun]
It is anticipated that the equivalent of 192 full-time jobs will be lost. [be VERB-ed that]
I hadn’t anticipated that Rob’s team would advance that far. [VERB that]
[Also VERB]
Synonyms: expect, predict, forecast, prepare for

ADJECTIVE
If an event, especially a cultural event, is eagerly anticipated, people expect that it will be very good, exciting, or interesting.
…the most eagerly anticipated rock event of the year.
…one of the conference’s most keenly anticipated debates.
The long-anticipated study drew criticism from the tobacco industry.

Question 59

simpatico

adjective

Answer 59

likable, pleasant, nice

Question 60

providential

Answer 60

ADJECTIVE
A providential event is lucky because it happens at exactly the right time.
[formal]
He explained the yellow fever epidemic as a providential act to discourage urban growth.
The pistols were loaded so our escape is indeed providential.
Synonyms: lucky, timely, happy, welcome

Question 61

anachronistically

adverb

Answer 61

in a way that is out of its time in history:
We still, anachronistically, expect humans to be running our phone system.
He spoke with an anachronistically upper-class accent.

Question 62

effusive

adjective formal

Answer 62

expressing welcome, approval, or pleasure in a way that shows very strong feeling:
They gave us such an effusive welcome it was quite embarrassing.

Question 63

syncopate

verb [ I or T ] MUSIC specialized

Answer 63

1. তাল বা ছন্দ বদলানো
2. অক্ষর বাদ দিয়ে শব্দকে হ্রস্ব করে তোলা

to have a rhythm in which strong notes are not on the beat, or to create music that has this rhythm:
The music suddenly syncopates, like ragtime.
The melodies were syncopated off the bass lines.

1.
displace the beats or accents in (music or a rhythm) so that strong beats become weak and vice versa.
“soloists maintain the absolute freedom to syncopate the rhythm or break free from the beat entirely”
2.
shorten (a word) by dropping sounds or letters in the middle, as in symbology for symbolology, or Gloster for Gloucester.

Question 64

agglomeration

noun [ C ] forma

Answer 64

a large group of many different things collected or brought together:
an agglomeration of various ethnic and religious groupings

Question 65

conglomerate

noun

Answer 65

a company that owns several smaller businesses whose products or services are usually very different:
a financial/industrial conglomerate

Question 66

amortize

verb [ T ] formal

Answer 66

to reduce a debt or cost by paying small regular amounts:
They pay monthly loan payments based on a formula that amortizes the debt over 15 years, at 8 percent interest.
The economics of a show depend on the number of weeks over which the producer can amortize the start-up costs.

Question 67

inscribe

verb [ T ] formal

Answer 67

to write words in a book or carve (= cut) them on an object:
The prize winners each receive a book with their names inscribed on the first page.
The wall of the church was inscribed with the names of the dead from World War I.

Question 68

hardy

Answer 68

ADJECTIVE
People and animals that are hardy are strong and able to cope with difficult conditions.
It should not surprise us that such an environment has produced a hardy and independent people.
Hardy antelope wander in from the desert.

Question 69

trying

Answer 69

ADJECTIVE
If you describe something or someone as trying, you mean that they are difficult to deal with and make you feel impatient or annoyed.
Support from those closest to you is vital in these trying times.
The whole business has been very trying.
Synonyms: annoying, hard, taxing, difficult

Question 70

redundant

adjective

Answer 70

(especially of a word, phrase, etc.) unnecessary because it is more than is needed:
In the sentence “She is a single unmarried woman”, the word “unmarried” is redundant.

having lost your job because your employer no longer needs you:
To keep the company alive, half the workforce is being made redundant.
figurative New technology often makes old skills and even whole communities redundant.

Question 71

inveigle
verb [ T ] formal

Beguile

Answer 71

to persuade someone to do something in a clever and dishonest way, when they do not want to do it:
Her son tried to inveigle her into giving him the money for a car.

to persuade, attract, or interest someone, sometimes in order to deceive them :
He was completely beguiled by her beauty.
The salesman beguiled him into buying a car he didn’t want.

Question 72

swindles

Answer 72

VERB
If someone swindles a person or an organization, they deceive them in order to get something valuable from them, especially money.
A City businessman swindled investors out of millions of pounds. [V n + out of]
An oil executive swindled £250,000 out of his firm. [V n out of n]
Synonyms: cheat, do [slang], con, skin [slang] More Synonyms of swindle
Swindle is also a noun.
He was jailed for running a £4.5 million international investment swindle.
swindler
Word forms: plural swindlers
COUNTABLE NOUN
Swindlers have cheated investors out of £12 million.
Synonyms: cheat, fraud [informal], hustler

Question 73

unconscionable

Answer 73

ADJECTIVE
If you describe something as unconscionable, you mean that the person responsible for it ought to be ashamed of it, especially because its effects are so great or severe.
[literary]
… speech that it would be unconscionable for a democratic society to suppress.

not right or reasonable.
"the unconscionable conduct of his son"
একইরকম:
unethical
amoral
immoral
unprincipled
indefensible
wrong
unscrupulous
unfair
underhand
dishonourable
dishonest
corrupt
depraved
shady
বিপরীত:
ethical
acceptable
unreasonably excessive.
"shareholders have had to wait an unconscionable time for the facts to be established"

Question 74

sidereal

Answer 74

1. of, relating to, or involving the stars
2. determined with reference to one or more stars
   the sidereal day

Question 75

vicissitude

Answer 75

NOUN

1. variation or mutability in nature or life, esp successive alternation from one condition or thing to another
2. a variation in circumstance, fortune, character, etc

Question 76

akimbo

Answer 76

ADVERB, ADJECTIVE
with hands on hips and elbows bent outward
with arms akimbo

Question 77

turbid

turgid

Answer 77

ADJECTIVE
1. muddy or opaque, as a liquid clouded with a suspension of particles
2. dense, thick, or cloudy
turbid fog
3. in turmoil or confusion
(of a liquid) not transparent because a lot of small pieces of matter are held in it:
Several different species of fish inhabit these turbid shallow waters.

ADJECTIVE
If you describe something such as a piece of writing or a film as turgid, you think it is boring ,too serious and difficult to understand.
He used to make extremely dull, turgid and frankly boring speeches.
The rest of the arts scene looks increasingly turgid by comparison.
Synonyms: pompous, inflated, windy, high-flown

Question 78

maudlin

Answer 78

1. ADJECTIVE
   If you describe someone as maudlin, you mean that they are being sad and sentimental in a foolish way, perhaps because of drinking alcohol.
   Jimmy turned maudlin after three drinks.
   …maudlin self-pity.
   Synonyms: sentimental, tearful, mushy [informal], soppy [British, informal] More Synonyms of maudlin
2. ADJECTIVE
   If you describe a song, book, or film as maudlin, you are criticizing it for being very sentimental.
   [disapproval]
   …the most maudlin song of all time.
   …a hugely entertaining (if over-long and maudlin) movie.

Question 79

hector

Answer 79

VERB
If you say that someone is hectoring you, you do not like the way they are trying to make you do something by bothering you and talking to you aggressively.
[disapproval]
I suppose you’ll hector me until I phone him. [VERB noun]
Synonyms: bully, harass, browbeat, worry More Synonyms of Hector
hectoring ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
In a loud, hectoring tone, Alan told us that he wasn’t going to waste time discussing nonsense.

Question 80

extricate

Answer 80

1. VERB
   If you extricate yourself or another person from a difficult or serious situation, you free yourself or the other person from it.
   It represents a last ditch attempt by the country to extricate itself from its economic crisis. [V pron-refl + from]
   He wanted to extricate her from the immediate influence of Catherine de Medici. [VERB noun + from]
2. VERB
   If you extricate someone or something from a place where they are trapped or caught, you succeed in freeing them.
   [formal]
   …extricate the survivors. [VERB noun]
   He endeavoured to extricate the car, digging with his hands in the blazing sunshine. [VERB noun]