17/07/20(Princeton's New GRE 1014 Question:Drill 4,5)

Question 1

anthropogenic

Answer 1

1. relating to anthropogenesis
2. created by people or caused by human activity
   anthropogenic pollution
   caused by humans or their activities:
   anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases

Question 2

vagary

Answer 2

COUNTABLE NOUN [usually plural]
Vagaries are unexpected and unpredictable changes in a situation or in someone’s behaviour which you have no control over.
[formal]
I take an assortment of clothes on holiday, as a provision against the vagaries of the weather.
…the perplexing vagaries of politics. [+ of]
Synonyms: whim, caprice, unpredictability, sport

Question 3

souvenir

Answer 3

COUNTABLE NOUN
A souvenir is something which you buy or keep to remind you of a holiday, place, or event.
…a souvenir of the summer of 1992. [+ of]
Synonyms: keepsake, token, reminder, relic

Question 4

owe

Answer 4

1. VERB
   If you owe money to someone, they have lent it to you and you have not yet paid it back. You can also say that the money is owing.
   The company owes money to more than 60 banks. [VERB noun + to]
   Blake already owed him nearly £50. [VERB noun noun]
   I’m broke, Livy, and I owe a couple of million dollars. [VERB noun]
   He could take what was owing for the rent. [VERB]

Question 5

unheralded

herald

Answer 5

1. ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
   If you describe an artist or sports player as unheralded, you mean that people have not recognized their talent or ability.
   [journalism]
   They are inviting talented, but unheralded film-makers to submit examples of their work.
   …two unheralded players he hopes to turn into stars.
   Synonyms: unknown, unrecognized, unsung, unnoticed
2. VERB
   Something that heralds a future event or situation is a sign that it is going to happen or appear.
   [formal]
   …the sultry evening that heralded the end of the baking hot summer. [VERB noun]
   Their discovery could herald a cure for some forms of impotence. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: indicate, promise, precede, pave the way More Synonyms of herald
3. COUNTABLE NOUN
   Something that is a herald of a future event or situation is a sign that it is going to happen or appear.
   [formal]
   I welcome the report as a herald of more freedom, not less. [+ of]
   For her, it was the herald of summer.
   Synonyms: forerunner, sign, signal, indication More Synonyms of herald
4. VERB [usually passive]
   If an important event or action is heralded by people, announcements are made about it so that it is publicly known and expected.
   [formal]
   Her new album has been heralded by a massive media campaign. [be VERB-ed + by]
   Tonight’s big game is being heralded as the match of the season. [be VERB-ed + as]
   Synonyms: announce, publish, advertise, proclaim More Synonyms of herald
5. COUNTABLE NOUN
   In former times, a herald was a person who delivered and announced important messages.

Question 6

lineage

Answer 6

VARIABLE NOUN
Someone’s lineage is the series of families from which they are directly descended.
[formal]
They can trace their lineage directly back to the 18th century.
…a respectable family of ancient lineage.
Synonyms: descent, family, line, succession

Question 7

visage

Answer 7

COUNTABLE NOUN [oft with poss]
Someone’s visage is their face.
[literary]
…his milky-white innocent visage.

Question 8

analogy

Answer 8

COUNTABLE NOUN
If you make or draw an analogy between two things, you show that they are similar in some way.
Once again, Hockett draws an analogy with American football. [+ between/with]
Synonyms: similarity, relation, comparison, parallel

Question 9

When people dissemble, they hide their real intentions or emotions.

Answer 9

VERB
When people dissemble, they hide their real intentions or emotions.
[literary]
Henry was not slow to dissemble when it served his purposes. [VERB]
[Also VERB noun]
Synonyms: hide, act, pretend, bluff

Question 10

contraposition

Answer 10

NOUN
1. the act of placing opposite or against, esp in contrast or antithesis
2. logic
the derivation of the contrapositive of a given categorial proposition

Question 11

immutable

Answer 11

ADJECTIVE
Something that is immutable will never change or cannot be changed.
[formal]
…the eternal and immutable principles of right and wrong.
Synonyms: unchanging, fixed, permanent, stable

Question 12

deity

Answer 12

COUNTABLE NOUN
A deity is a god or goddess.
[formal]
Synonyms: god, goddess, immortal, divinity

Question 13

comprise

Answer 13

1. VERB
   If you say that something comprises or is comprised of a number of things or people, you mean it has them as its parts or members.
   [formal]
   MCC’s main committee comprises 18 members. [VERB noun]
   The exhibition comprises 50 oils and watercolours. [VERB noun]
   The task force is comprised of congressional leaders and cabinet heads. [be VERB-ed + of]
   A crowd comprised of the wives and children of scientists staged a demonstration. [VERB-ed]
   Synonyms: be composed of, include, contain, consist of

Question 14

dichotomy

Answer 14

COUNTABLE NOUN [usually singular]
If there is a dichotomy between two things, there is a very great difference or opposition between them.
[formal]
There is a dichotomy between the academic world and the industrial world. [+ between]
Synonyms: division, gulf, split, separation

Question 15

impersonal

Answer 15

1. ADJECTIVE
   If you describe a place, organization, or activity as impersonal, you mean that it is not very friendly and makes you feel unimportant because it involves or is used by a large number of people.
   [disapproval]
   Before then many children were cared for in large impersonal orphanages.
   The health service has been criticized for being too impersonal
2. ADJECTIVE
   If you describe someone’s behaviour as impersonal, you mean that they do not show any emotion about the person they are dealing with.
   We must be as impersonal as a surgeon with his knife.
   I gave Coe an impersonal stare.
   Synonyms: detached, neutral, dispassionate, cold

Question 16

intrinsic

Answer 16

ADJECTIVE [ADJECTIVE noun]
If something has intrinsic value or intrinsic interest, it is valuable or interesting because of its basic nature or character, and not because of its connection with other things.
being an extremely important and basic characteristic of a person or thing:
[formal]
The paintings have no intrinsic value except as curiosities.
The rate is determined by intrinsic qualities such as the land’s slope.
Synonyms: essential, real, true, central

being an extremely important and basic characteristic of a person or thing:
works of little intrinsic value/interest
Maths is an intrinsic part of the school curriculum.
basic to a thing, being an important part of making it what it is:
Each human being has intrinsic dignity and worth.

Question 17

transcendent

Answer 17

ADJECTIVE
Something that is transcendent goes beyond normal limits or boundaries, because it is more significant than them.
…the idea of a transcendent God who stood apart from mankind.
Synonyms: unparalleled, unique, extraordinary, superior

Question 18

vivify

Answer 18

VERB
Word forms: -fies, -fying or -fied
(transitive)
1. to bring to life; animate
2. to make more vivid or striking
make more lively or interesting; enliven.
"outings vivify learning for children"

Question 19

saturate

Answer 19

1. VERB
   If people or things saturate a place or object, they fill it completely so that no more can be added.
   In the last days before the vote, both sides are saturating the airwaves. [VERB noun]
   As the market was saturated with goods and the economy became more balanced, inflation went down. [be VERB-ed + with]
   Synonyms: flood, overwhelm, swamp, overrun

Question 20

holistic

Answer 20

ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
Holistic means based on the principles of holism.
[formal]
…practitioners of holistic medicine.
UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
Holism is the belief that everything in nature is connected in some way.
[formal]

dealing with or treating the whole of something or someone and not just a part:
My doctor takes a holistic approach to disease.
Ecological problems usually require holistic solutions.

Question 21

veneration

Answer 21

1. a feeling or expression of awe or reverence

2. the act of venerating or the state of being venerated

Question 22

statute

Answer 22

VARIABLE NOUN
A statute is a rule or law which has been made by a government or other organization and formally written down.
The new statute covers the care for, bringing up and protection of children.
The independence of the judiciary in France is guaranteed by statute.
Synonyms: law, act, rule, regulation

Question 23

fetter

Answer 23

1. VERB
   If you say that you are fettered by something, you dislike it because it prevents you from behaving or moving in a free and natural way.
   [literary, disapproval]
   …a private trust which would not be fettered by bureaucracy. [be VERB-ed]
   The black mud fettered her movements. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: restrict, bind, confine, curb

Question 24

charter

Answer 24

1. COUNTABLE NOUN
   A charter is a formal document describing the rights, aims, or principles of an organization or group of people.
   …Article 50 of the United Nations Charter.
   …the Social Charter of workers’ rights.

Question 25

pronounced

Answer 25

ADJECTIVE
Something that is pronounced is very noticeable.
Most of the art exhibitions have a pronounced Scottish theme.
…a pronounced Australian accent.
Since then, the contrast between his two careers has become even more pronounced.
Synonyms: noticeable, clear, decided, strong

Question 26

mandate

noun [ C usually singular ]

Answer 26

the authority given to an elected group of people, such as a government, to perform an action or govern a country:
At the forthcoming elections, the government will be seeking a fresh mandate from the people.
[ + to infinitive ] The president secured the Congressional mandate to go to war by three votes.

Question 27

stifling
adjective

Cram

Answer 27

extremely hot and unpleasant:
I can’t bear this stifling humidity.
Several hundred people were crammed into the stifling room.

1. VERB
   If you cram things or people into a container or place, you put them into it, although there is hardly enough room for them.
   While nobody was looking, she squashed her school hat and crammed it into a wastebasket. [VERB noun preposition/adverb]
   I crammed my bag full of swimsuits and T-shirts and headed for the coast. [V n + full of]
   She crammed her mouth with caviar. [VERB noun + with]
   Synonyms: pack, fill, stuff More Synonyms of cram
2. VERB
   If people cram into a place or vehicle or cram a place or vehicle, so many of them enter it at one time that it is completely full.
   We crammed into my car and set off. [VERB preposition]
   Friends and admirers crammed the chapel at the small Los Angeles cemetery where Monroe is buried. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: squeeze, press, crowd, pack More Synonyms of cram
3. VERB
   If you cram a hat on, you put it on, especially in a hurry.
   I crammed on my cap again, helped the Duke up and tried to dust him off. [V n with on]
   [Also V n on n]
4. VERB
   If you are cramming for an examination, you are learning as much as possible in a short time just before you take the examination.
   She was cramming for her Economics exam. [VERB + for]
   Synonyms: study, revise, swot [informal], bone up [informal] More Synonyms of cram
   cramming UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   It would take two or three months of cramming to prepare for Vermont’s bar exam.

Question 28

compensation

noun

Answer 28

money that is paid to someone in exchange for something that has been lost or damaged or for some problem:
She received £40,000 in compensation for a lost eye.
You should claim/seek compensation.
a compensation claim

Question 29

exotic

Answer 29

ADJECTIVE
Something that is exotic is unusual and interesting, usually because it comes from or is related to a distant country.
…brilliantly coloured, exotic flowers.
She flits from one exotic location to another.

Question 30

estranged

Answer 30

1. ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
   An estranged wife or husband is no longer living with their husband or wife.
   [formal]
   …his estranged wife

Question 31

Francophone

Answer 31

COUNTABLE NOUN [oft NOUN noun]
A Francophone is someone who speaks French, especially someone who speaks it as their first language.
[formal]

Question 32

dissuade

Answer 32

VERB
If you dissuade someone from doing or believing something, you persuade them not to do or believe it.
[formal]
Doctors had tried to dissuade patients from smoking. [VERB noun + from]
She maintained that her son was innocent, and nothing could dissuade her from that belief. [V n from -ing/n]
He considered emigrating, but his family managed to dissuade him. [VERB noun]

Question 33

mausoleum

Answer 33

COUNTABLE NOUN
A mausoleum is a building which contains the grave of a famous person or the graves of a rich family.
Synonyms: crypt, tomb, vault, catacomb

Question 34

espouse

Answer 34

VERB TRANSITIVE
Word forms: esˈpoused or esˈpousing
1. to take as a spouse, esp. as a wife; marry
2. to give in marriage
3. to take up, support, or advocate (some cause, idea, etc.)
He used his books to lend weight to the causes he espoused.

Question 35

invigorate

fortify

Answer 35

1. VERB
   If something invigorates you, it makes you feel more energetic.
   Take a deep breath in to invigorate you. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: refresh, stimulate, brace, strengthen More Synonyms of invigorate
   invigorated ADJECTIVE [usually verb-link ADJECTIVE]
   She seemed invigorated, full of life and energy.
2. VERB
   To invigorate a situation or a process means to make it more efficient or more effective.
   …the promise that they would invigorate the economy. [VERB noun]
   The tactic could well help invigorate a struggling campaign. [VERB noun]
3. VERB
   To fortify a place means to make it stronger and more difficult to attack, often by building a wall or ditch round it.
   The knights had fortified the main town on the island. [VERB noun]
   fortified GRADED ADJECTIVE
   He remains barricaded inside his heavily-fortified mansion.
   …fortified castles and villages.
4. VERB [usually passive]
   If food or drink is fortified, another substance is added to it to make it healthier or stronger.
   It has also been fortified with vitamin C. [be VERB-ed + with]
   All sherry is made from wine fortified with brandy. [VERB-ed]
   …fortified cereal products. [VERB-ed]
   Synonyms: strengthen, add alcohol to More Synonyms of fortify
   fortification UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   In some countries, iron fortification of foods is carried out to reduce iron deficiency.
   Synonyms: strengthening, supplementing, reinforcement More Synonyms of fortify
   Synonyms: defence, keep, protection, castle More Synonyms of fortify
   Synonyms: reinforcement, protecting, securing, protection More Synonyms of fortify
5. VERB
   If you are fortified by something such as food, drink, or an idea, it makes you feel more cheerful, determined, or energetic.
   The volunteers were fortified by their patriotic belief. [be VERB-ed]
   I was taken to a recovery room and given tea and toast to fortify me. [VERB noun]
   Would you care for a light meal to fortify yourself before your adventure? [VERB pronoun-reflexive]
   They drove on, fortified with still more black coffee. [VERB-ed]
   Synonyms: sustain, encourage, confirm, cheer More Synonyms of fortify
6. VERB
   To fortify something means to make it more powerful and more likely to succeed.
   [formal]
   His declared agenda is to raise standards in schools and fortify parent power. [VERB noun]

Question 36

concoction

Answer 36

COUNTABLE NOUN
A concoction is something that has been made out of several things mixed together.
…a concoction of honey, yogurt, oats, and apples. [+ of]
Synonyms: mixture, preparation, compound, brew

Question 37

intrigue

Answer 37

1. VARIABLE NOUN
   Intrigue is the making of secret plans to harm or deceive people.
   …political intrigue.
   …a powerful story of intrigue, passion and betrayal.
   …the plots and intrigues in the novel.
   Synonyms: plot, scheme, conspiracy, manoeuvre More Synonyms of intrigue
2. VERB
   If something, especially something strange, intrigues you, it interests you and you want to know more about it.
   The novelty of the situation intrigued him. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: interest, fascinate, arouse the curiosity of, attract

Question 38

scoff

Answer 38

n/v
অবজ্ঞাভাবে উপহাস করা
1. VERB
If you scoff at something, you speak about it in a way that shows you think it is ridiculous or inadequate.
At first I scoffed at the notion. [VERB + at]
You may scoff but I honestly feel I’m being cruel only to be kind. [VERB]
‘You’ll have to do better than that,’ Joanna scoffed. [VERB with quote]
Synonyms: scorn, mock, laugh at, ridicule More Synonyms of scoff
2. VERB
If you scoff food, you eat it quickly and greedily.
[British, informal]
The pancakes were so good that I scoffed the lot. [VERB noun]

Question 39

proclivity

Answer 39

স্বাভাবিক প্রবণতা

trend

Question 40

usher

Answer 40

উপস্থিত করা
1. an official doorkeeper
2. a person whose duty it is to show people to their seats in a theater, church, etc.
3. a person whose official duty is to precede someone of rank, as in a procession, or to introduce unacquainted persons at a formal function
4. any of the groom’s attendants at a wedding whose duties include showing guests to their seats and escorting the bridesmaids
5. Obsolete
in Great Britain, an assistant teacher in a boys’ school
VERB TRANSITIVE
6. to act as an usher to; escort or conduct (others) to seats, etc.
7. to precede, or be a forerunner of often with in
1. an official doorkeeper
2. a person whose duty it is to show people to their seats in a theater, church, etc.
3. a person whose official duty is to precede someone of rank, as in a procession, or to introduce unacquainted persons at a formal function
4. any of the groom’s attendants at a wedding whose duties include showing guests to their seats and escorting the bridesmaids
5. Obsolete
in Great Britain, an assistant teacher in a boys’ school
VERB TRANSITIVE
6. to act as an usher to; escort or conduct (others) to seats, etc.
7. to precede, or be a forerunner of often with in
So long as he does not try to saw the court usher in half.

Question 41

endorse

Answer 41

verb

support,justify

Question 42

ethos

Answer 42

NOUN

SINGULAR NOUN
An ethos is the set of ideas and attitudes that is associated with a particular group of people or a particular type of activity.
[formal]
The whole ethos of the hotel is effortless service. [+ of]
…the traditional public service ethos.
Synonyms: spirit, character, attitude, beliefs

1. Sociology
   the fundamental character or spirit of a culture; the underlying sentiment that informs the beliefs, customs, or practices of a group or society; dominant assumptions of a people or period
   In the Greek ethos the individual was highly valued
2. the character or disposition of a community, group, person, etc
3. the moral element in dramatic literature that determines a character’s action rather than his or her thought or emotion
   We need the right ethos and culture.

Question 43

prognosis

Answer 43

পূর্বাভাস
COUNTABLE NOUN
A prognosis is an estimate of the future of someone or something, especially about whether a patient will recover from an illness.
[formal]
If the cancer is caught early the prognosis is excellent.
…a gloomy prognosis of the Scots’ championship prospects.
Synonyms: forecast, prediction, diagnosis, expectation

Question 44

thrive

Answer 44

উন্নতিলাভ করা

1. VERB
   If someone or something thrives, they do well and are successful, healthy, or strong.
   Today his company continues to thrive. [VERB]
   Lavender thrives in poor soil. [VERB]
   …the river’s thriving population of kingfishers. [VERB-ing]
   Synonyms: prosper, do well, flourish, increase More Synonyms of thrive
2. VERB
   If you say that someone thrives on a particular situation, you mean that they enjoy it or that they can deal with it very well, especially when other people find it unpleasant or difficult.
   Many people thrive on a stressful lifestyle. [VERB + on]
   Creative people are usually very determined and thrive on overcoming obstacles. [V on n/-ing]

Question 45

coloration

Answer 45

NOUN
1. the condition of being colored
2. the way a thing is colored
3. the technique of using colors, as in painting
It was just this pure coloration, however, that Danlo did not want.

Question 46

proliferation

Answer 46

বিস্তার

Question 47

whittle

Answer 47

VERB
If you whittle something from a piece of wood, you carve it by cutting pieces off the wood with a knife.
He whittled a new handle for his ax. [VERB noun]
Chitty sat in his rocking-chair whittling wood. [VERB noun]
Synonyms: carve, cut, hew [old-fashioned], shape