D_9/03/21(ETS Verbal PS1)

Question 1

intriguing

Answer 1

ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
If you describe something as intriguing, you mean that it is interesting or strange.
This intriguing book is both thoughtful and informative.
Synonyms: interesting, fascinating, absorbing, exciting

Question 2

recipe

Answer 2

1. COUNTABLE NOUN
   A recipe is a list of ingredients and a set of instructions that tell you how to cook something.
   …a traditional recipe for oatmeal biscuits.
   …a recipe book.
2. SINGULAR NOUN
   If you say that something is a recipe for a particular situation, you mean that it is likely to result in that situation.
   Large-scale inflation is a recipe for disaster.
   Synonyms: method, formula, prescription, process

Question 3

Refuge

refugee

Answer 3

1. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   If you take refuge somewhere, you try to protect yourself from physical harm by going there.
   They took refuge in a bomb shelter.
   His home became a place of refuge for the believers.
   Synonyms: protection, security, shelter, harbour More Synonyms of refuge
2. COUNTABLE NOUN
   A refuge is a place where you go for safety and protection, for example from violence or from bad weather.
   …a refuge for women who had experienced domestic abuse.
   We climbed up a winding track towards a mountain refuge.
   Synonyms: haven, resort, retreat, harbour More Synonyms of refuge
3. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   If you take refuge in a particular way of behaving or thinking, you try to protect yourself from unhappiness or unpleasantness by behaving or thinking in that way.
   With these restrictions on childhood it’s no wonder kids seek refuge in consumerism.
   Father Rowan took refuge in silence.
   Synonyms: solace, relief, comfort

COUNTABLE NOUN
Refugees are people who have been forced to leave their homes or their country, either because there is a war there or because of their political or religious beliefs.
Synonyms: exile, asylum seeker, émigré, displaced person

Question 4

arcane

adj

Answer 4

mysterious and known only by a few people:
He was the only person who understood all the arcane details of the agreement.
This argument may seem arcane to those not closely involved in the world of finance.

Question 5

eclectic

Answer 5

ADJECTIVE
An eclectic collection of objects, ideas, or beliefs is wide-ranging and comes from many different sources.
[formal]
…an eclectic collection of paintings, drawings, and prints.
Synonyms: diverse, general, broad, varied

Question 6

Considerable

Answer 6

ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
Considerable means great in amount or degree.
[formal]
To be without Pearce would be a considerable blow.
Doing it properly makes considerable demands on our time.
Vets’ fees can be considerable, even for routine visits.
considerably ADVERB [ADVERB with verb]
Children vary considerably in the rate at which they learn these lessons.
Their dinner parties had become considerably less formal.
Synonyms:SUBSTANTIAL, greatly, very much, seriously [informal], significantly

Question 7

unpretentious

pretentious

Answer 7

ADJECTIVE
If you describe a place, person, or thing as unpretentious, you approve of them because they are simple in appearance or character, rather than sophisticated or luxurious.
[approval]
The Tides Inn is both comfortable and unpretentious.
…good, unpretentious pop music.
Linda is totally unpretentious about herself.
Synonyms: modest, simple, plain, homely

ADJECTIVE
If you say that someone or something is pretentious, you mean that they try to seem important or significant, but you do not think that they are.
[disapproval]
His response was full of pretentious nonsense.
This pub was of a very different type, smaller, less pretentious.
Synonyms: affected, mannered, exaggerated, pompous

Question 8

murky

Answer 8

1. ADJECTIVE
   A murky place or time of day is dark and rather unpleasant because there is not enough light.
   The large lamplit room was murky with woodsmoke. [+ with]
   It happened at Stamford Bridge one murky November afternoon.
2. ADJECTIVE
   Murky water or fog is so dark and dirty that you cannot see through it.
   …the deep, murky waters of Loch Ness.
   Synonyms: dark, obscure, cloudy, impenetrable More Synonyms of murky
3. ADJECTIVE
   If you describe an activity or situation as murky, you suspect that it is dishonest or morally wrong.
   [British, disapproval]
   There has been a murky conspiracy to keep them out of power.
   Synonyms: questionable, dark, secret, suspect More Synonyms of murky
4. ADJECTIVE
   If you describe something as murky, you mean that the details of it are not clear or that it is difficult to understand.
   The law here is a little bit murky.

Question 9

feeble

foible

Answer 9

1. ADJECTIVE
   If you describe someone or something as feeble, you mean that they are weak.
   He told them he was old and feeble and was not able to walk so far.
   The feeble light of a tin lamp.
   Synonyms: weak, failing, exhausted, weakened More Synonyms of feeble
   feebly ADVERB [ADVERB with verb]
   His left hand moved feebly at his side.
2. GRADED ADJECTIVE
   If you describe someone as feeble, you are criticizing them because they are afraid of taking strong action or seem to make no effort.
   [disapproval]
   He said that the Government had been feeble.
   …some rather feeble traditionalists.
   Synonyms: inadequate, weak, pathetic, insufficient More Synonyms of feeble
3. ADJECTIVE
   If you describe something that someone says as feeble, you mean that it is not very good or convincing.
   This is a particularly feeble argument.
   Synonyms: unconvincing, poor, thin, weak

COUNTABLE NOUN
A foible is a habit or characteristic that someone has which is considered rather strange, foolish, or bad but which is also considered unimportant.
…human foibles and weaknesses.
Synonyms: idiosyncrasy, failing, fault, weakness

Question 10

blunt

bald

Blatant

Answer 10

1. ADJECTIVE
   If you are blunt, you say exactly what you think without trying to be polite.
   She is blunt about her personal life.
   She told the industry in blunt terms that such discrimination is totally unacceptable.
   Synonyms: frank, forthright, straightforward, explicit More Synonyms of blunt
   bluntly ADVERB [ADVERB with verb]
   ‘I don’t believe you!’ Jeanne said bluntly.
   To put it bluntly, he became a pain.
   bluntness UNCOUNTABLE NOUN [oft poss NOUN]
   His bluntness got him into trouble.
   Synonyms: frankness, forthrightness, openness, candour More Synonyms of blunt
2. ADJECTIVE [ADJECTIVE noun]
   A blunt object has a rounded or flat end rather than a sharp one.
   One of them had been struck 13 times over the head with a blunt object.
3. ADJECTIVE
   A blunt knife or blade is no longer sharp and does not cut well.
4. VERB
   If something blunts an emotion, a feeling, or a need, it weakens it.
   The constant repetition of violence has blunted the human response to it. [VERB noun]
   The passing of time will blunt the pain. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: dull, weaken, soften, numb
5. ADJECTIVE
   Someone who is bald has little or no hair on the top of their head.
   The man’s bald head was beaded with sweat.
   She is going bald.
   Synonyms: hairless, smooth, bare, shorn More Synonyms of bald
   baldness UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   He wears a cap to cover a spot of baldness.
   Synonyms: plainness, simplicity, austerity, severity More Synonyms of bald
   Synonyms: barrenness, nakedness, bleakness, starkness More Synonyms of bald
   Synonyms: hairlessness, alopecia [pathology], baldheadedness, baldpatedness More Synonyms of bald
6. ADJECTIVE
   If a tyre is bald, its surface has worn down and it is no longer safe to use.
7. ADJECTIVE [ADJECTIVE noun]
   A bald statement is in plain language and contains no extra explanation or information.
   The announcement came in a bald statement from the official news agency.
   The bald truth is he’s just not happy.
   Synonyms: plain, direct, simple, straight

ADJECTIVE
You use blatant to describe something bad that is done in an open or very obvious way.
[emphasis]
Outsiders will continue to suffer the most blatant discrimination.
…a blatant attempt to spread the blame for the fiasco.
The elitism was blatant.
Synonyms: obvious, open, clear, plain

Question 11

unravel

ravel

Answer 11

1. VERB
   If something such as a plan or system unravels, it breaks up or begins to fail.
   His government began to unravel because of a banking scandal. [VERB]
   My perfect life had unraveled in the past six months. [VERB]
2. VERB
   If you unravel something that is knotted, woven, or knitted, or if it unravels, it becomes one straight piece again or separates into its different threads.
   He could unravel a knot that others wouldn’t even attempt. [VERB noun]
   The stairway carpet is so frayed it threatens to unravel. [VERB]
   Synonyms: undo, separate, disentangle, free More Synonyms of unravel
3. VERB
   If you unravel a mystery or puzzle, or if it unravels, it gradually becomes clearer and you can work out the answer to it.
   A young mother has flown to Iceland to unravel the mystery of her friend’s disappearance. [VERB noun]
   Gradually, with an intelligent use of flashbacks, Yves’ story unravels. [VERB]
   Synonyms: solve, explain, work out, resolve

TRANSITIVE VERB/INTRANSITIVE VERB
If something such as a rope or wire ravels, or if you ravel it, it becomes tangled or twisted together.’
I felt her hand in my hair, fingers toying with the locks at my neck, raveling them up, tugging

Question 12

unverifiable

Answer 12

not able to be proved

Question 13

redemption

Answer 13

Redemption is the act of redeeming something or of being redeemed by something.

1. VERB
   If you redeem yourself or your reputation, you do something that makes people have a good opinion of you again after you havebehaved or performed badly.
   He had realized the mistake he had made and wanted to redeem himself. [VERB noun]
   The sole redeeming feature of your behaviour is that you’re not denying it. [VERB-ing]
   Synonyms: reinstate, vindicate, absolve, free from blame More Synonyms of redeem
2. VERB
   When something redeems an unpleasant thing or situation, it prevents it from being completely bad.
   Work is the way that people seek to redeem their lives from futility. [VERB noun]
   …a long face with too prominent features that were redeemed by a fine pair of brown eyes. [VERB noun]
   Does this institution have any redeeming features? [VERB-ing]
   Synonyms: make up for, offset, make good, compensate for More Synonyms of redeem
3. VERB
   If you redeem a debt or money that you have promised to someone, you pay money that you owe or that you promised to pay.
   [formal]
   The amount required to redeem the mortgage was £358,587. [VERB noun]
   Tickets are non-exchangeable, cannot be redeemed for cash. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: pay off, clear, square, honour More Synonyms of redeem
4. VERB
   If you redeem an object that belongs to you, you get it back from someone by repaying them money that you borrowed from them, after using the object as a guarantee.
   Make sure you know exactly what you will be paying back when you plan to redeem the item. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: buy back, recover, regain, retrieve More Synonyms of redeem
5. VERB
   In religions such as Christianity, to redeem someone means to save them by freeing them from sin and evil.
   …a new female spiritual force to redeem the world. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: save, free, deliver, rescue

Question 14

debacle

Answer 14

COUNTABLE NOUN
A debacle is an event or attempt that is a complete failure.
After the debacle of the war the world was never the same again. [+ of]
The convention was a debacle.
Synonyms: disaster, catastrophe, fiasco

Question 15

cloying

Answer 15

ADJECTIVE
You use cloying to describe something that you find unpleasant because it is much too sweet, or too sentimental.
Her cheap, cloying scent enveloped him.
Most TV kids are so cloying.
Synonyms: sickly, nauseating, icky [informal], treacly

Question 16

momentary

Answer 16

ADJECTIVE
Something that is momentary lasts for a very short period of time, for example for a few seconds or less.
…a momentary lapse of concentration.
His hesitation was only momentary.
Synonyms: short-lived, short, brief, temporary

Question 17

crawl

Answer 17

1. VERB
   When you crawl, you move forward on your hands and knees.
   Don’t worry if your baby seems a little reluctant to crawl or walk. [VERB]
   I began to crawl on my hands and knees towards the door. [VERB preposition/adverb]
   As he tried to crawl away, he was hit in the shoulder. [VERB preposition/adverb]
   Synonyms: creep, slither, go on all fours, move on hands and knees More Synonyms of crawl
2. VERB
   When an insect crawls somewhere, it moves there quite slowly.
   I watched the moth crawl up the outside of the lampshade. [VERB preposition]
3. VERB
   If someone or something crawls somewhere, they move or progress slowly or with great difficulty.
   I crawled out of bed at nine-thirty. [VERB preposition/adverb]
   They had not foreseen the higher inflation in France when most of Western Europe was crawling out of recession. [VERB preposition/adverb]
   Hairpin turns force the car to crawl at 10 miles an hour in some places. [VERB]
   Crawl is also a noun.
   The traffic on the approach road slowed to a crawl.
4. VERB [only cont]
   If you say that a place is crawling with people or animals, you are emphasizing that it is full of them.
   [informal, emphasis]
   This place is crawling with police. [VERB + with]
   …rock-hard earth littered with rubbish and crawling with vermin. [VERB with noun]
5. SINGULAR NOUN
   The crawl is a kind of swimming stroke which you do lying on your front, swinging one arm over your head, and then the other arm.

Question 18

hidebound

Answer 18

ADJECTIVE
If you describe someone or something as hidebound, you are criticizing them for having old-fashioned ideas or ways of doing things and being unwilling or unlikely to change.
[disapproval]
The men are hidebound and reactionary.
The economy was hidebound by public spending and private monopolies. [+ by]
Synonyms: conventional, set, rigid, narrow

Question 19

consensus

censure

Answer 19

SINGULAR NOUN
A consensus is general agreement among a group of people.
The consensus amongst scientists is that the world will warm up over the next few decades. [+ amongst]
The question of when the troops should leave would be decided by consensus.
Synonyms: agreement, general agreement, unanimity, common consent

criticize

Question 20

maize

maze

Answer 20

UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
Maize is a tall plant which produces long objects covered with yellow seeds called sweetcorn. It is often grown as a food crop.

1. COUNTABLE NOUN
   A maze is a complex system of passages or paths between walls or hedges and is designed to confuse people who try to find their way through it, often as a form of amusement.

Question 21

domesticated

Answer 21

ADJECTIVE
Someone who is domesticated willingly does household tasks such as cleaning.
Mum wasn’t very domesticated.

Question 22

tadpole

Answer 22

COUNTABLE NOUN

Tadpoles are small water creatures which grow into frogs or toads.

Question 23

outstrip

Answer 23

VERB
If one thing outstrips another, the first thing becomes larger in amount, or more successful or important, than the second thing.
In the mid-eighteenth century the production of food far outstripped the rise in population. [VERB noun]
In 1989 and 1990, demand outstripped supply, and prices went up by more than a third. [VERB noun]
Synonyms: exceed, eclipse, overtake, top

Question 24

cohort

Answer 24

1. COUNTABLE NOUN [usually poss NOUN]
   A person’s cohorts are their friends, supporters, or associates.
   [disapproval]
   Drake and his cohorts were not pleased with my appointment.
   Synonyms: supporter, partner, associate, mate More Synonyms of cohort
2. COUNTABLE NOUN [usually with supplement]
   A cohort of people is a group who have something in common. Cohort is used especially when a group is being looked at as a whole for statistical purposes.
   Tests were carried out on the entire cohort of eight-year-olds at primary school.
   She speaks for a whole cohort of young Japanese writers.

Question 25

sullen

Answer 25

ADJECTIVE
Someone who is sullen is bad-tempered and does not speak much.
The offenders lapsed into a sullen silence.
Many of them remained sullen and resentful.
Synonyms: morose, cross, moody, sour

Question 26

frown

Answer 26

VERB
When someone frowns, their eyebrows become drawn together, because they are annoyed, worried, or puzzled, or because they are concentrating.
Nancy shook her head, frowning. [VERB]
He frowned at her anxiously. [VERB + at]
…a frowning man. [VERB-ing]
Synonyms: scowl, glare, glower, make a face

Question 27

contend

Answer 27

1. VERB
   If you have to contend with a problem or difficulty, you have to deal with it or overcome it.
   It is time, once again, to contend with racism. [VERB + with]
   American businesses could soon have a new kind of lawsuit to contend with. [VERB + with]
2. VERB
   If you contend that something is true, you state or argue that it is true.
   [formal]
   The government contends that he is fundamentalist. [VERB that]
   ‘You were just looking,’ contends Samantha. ‘I was the one doing all the work.’ [VERB with quote]
   Synonyms: argue, hold, maintain, allege More Synonyms of contend
3. VERB
   If you contend with someone for something such as power, you compete with them to try to get it.
   …the two main groups contending for power. [VERB + for]
   …with 10 U.K. construction yards contending with rivals from Norway, Holland, Italy and Spain. [VERB + with]
   …a binding political settlement between the contending parties. [VERB-ing]
   Synonyms: compete, fight, struggle, clash

Question 28

succumb

Answer 28

1. VERB
   If you succumb to temptation or pressure, you do something that you want to do, or that other people want you to do, although you feel it might be wrong.
   [formal]
   Don’t succumb to the temptation to have just one biscuit. [VERB + to]
   The Minister said his country would never succumb to pressure. [VERB + to]
   Synonyms: surrender (to), yield (to), submit (to), give in (to) More Synonyms of succumb
2. VERB
   If you succumb to an illness, you become affected by it or die from it.
   [formal]
   A few years later, Katya succumbed to cancer in London. [VERB to noun]
   I was determined not to succumb to the virus. [VERB to noun]
   Synonyms: catch, contract, fall victim to, die from

Question 29

susceptibility

Answer 29

easily influenced or harmed by something:
She isn’t very susceptible to flattery.
These plants are particularly susceptible to frost.
Among particularly susceptible children, the disease can develop very fast.

used to describe someone who is easily emotionally influenced:
They persuade susceptible teenagers to part with their money.

1. VARIABLE NOUN
   If you have a susceptibility to something unpleasant, you are likely to be affected by it.
   …his increased susceptibility to infections. [+ to]
   Synonyms: vulnerability, weakness, liability, propensity More Synonyms of susceptibility
2. PLURAL NOUN
   A person’s susceptibilities are feelings which can be easily hurt.
   [formal]
   I am well aware that in saying this I shall outrage a few susceptibilities.

Question 30

retrospect

Answer 30

thinking now about something in the past:
In retrospect, I think my marriage was doomed from the beginning.
I’m sure my university days seem happier in retrospect than they really were.

Question 31

materialize

immaterial

Answer 31

1. VERB
   If a possible or expected event does not materialize, it does not happen.
   A rebellion by radicals failed to materialize. [VERB]
   None of the anticipated difficulties materialized. [VERB]
   Synonyms: occur, happen, take place, turn up More Synonyms of materialize
2. VERB
   If a person or thing materializes, they suddenly appear, after they have been invisible or in another place.
   Tamsin materialized at her side, notebook at the ready. [VERB]
   A moment or two later champagne in an ice-bucket materialized beside them. [VERB]
   Synonyms: appear, arrive, emerge, surface

ADJECTIVE [verb-link ADJECTIVE]
If you say that something is immaterial, you mean that it is not important or not relevant.
Whether we like him or not is immaterial.
Synonyms: irrelevant, insignificant, unimportant, unnecessary

Question 32

crumble

Answer 32

1. VERB
   If something crumbles, or if you crumble it, it breaks into a lot of small pieces.
   Under the pressure, the flint crumbled into fragments. [VERB]
   Roughly crumble the cheese into a bowl. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: crush, fragment, crumb, pulverize More Synonyms of crumble
2. VERB
   If an old building or piece of land is crumbling, parts of it keep breaking off.
   The high- and low-rise apartment blocks built in the 1960s are crumbling. [VERB]
   The cliffs were estimated to be crumbling into the sea at the rate of 10ft an hour. [VERB preposition/adverb]
   Crumble away means the same as crumble.
   Britain’s coastline stretches 4000 kilometres and much of it is crumbling away. [VERB PARTICLE]
3. VERB
   If something such as a system, relationship, or hope crumbles, it comes to an end.
   Their economy crumbled under the weight of sanctions. [VERB]
   Twitter was rife with rumours about the regime crumbling. [VERB]
   It only takes a minute for the football hopes of an entire country to crumble. [VERB]
   Synonyms: collapse, break down, deteriorate, decay More Synonyms of crumble
   Crumble away means the same as crumble.
   Opposition more or less crumbled away. [VERB PARTICLE]
4. VERB
   If someone crumbles, they stop resisting or trying to win, or become unable to cope.
   Brighton have too many experienced players to crumble just because we are in town. [VERB]
   He is a skilled and ruthless leader who isn’t likely to crumble under pressure. [VERB]
5. VARIABLE NOUN [usually noun NOUN]
   A crumble is a baked pudding made from fruit covered with a mixture of flour, butter, and sugar.
   [British]
   …apple crumble.

Question 33

scuffle

Answer 33

1. COUNTABLE NOUN
   A scuffle is a short, disorganized fight or struggle.
   Violent scuffles broke out between rival groups demonstrating for and against independence.
   Synonyms: fight, set-to [informal], scrap [informal], disturbance More Synonyms of scuffle
2. VERB
   If people scuffle, they fight for a short time in a disorganized way.
   Police scuffled with some of the protesters. [VERB + with]
   He and Hannah had been scuffling in the yard outside his house. [VERB]
   Synonyms: fight, struggle, clash, contend

Question 34

virtuosos

Answer 34

1. COUNTABLE NOUN
   A virtuoso is someone who is extremely good at something, especially at playing a musical instrument.
   He was gaining a reputation as a remarkable virtuoso.
   Synonyms: master, artist, genius, maestro More Synonyms of virtuoso
2. ADJECTIVE [ADJECTIVE noun]
   A virtuoso performance or display shows great skill.
   England’s football fans were hoping for a virtuoso performance against Cameroon.

Question 35

recital

Answer 35

1. COUNTABLE NOUN
   A recital is a performance of music or poetry, usually given by one person.
   …a solo recital by the harpsichordist Maggie Cole.
2. COUNTABLE NOUN
   If someone speaks for a long time, or says something that is boring or that has been heard many times before, you can describe it as a recital.
   [written]
   Before long we all grew bored with his frequent recital of the foods he couldn’t eat. [+ of]
   I had their total attention during the thirty-five minutes that my recital took.

Question 36

sacrosanct

Answer 36

ADJECTIVE [usually verb-link ADJECTIVE]
If you describe something as sacrosanct, you consider it to be special and are unwilling to see it criticized or changed.
Freedom of the press is sacrosanct.
…weekend rest days were considered sacrosanct.
Synonyms: inviolable, sacred, inviolate, untouchable

Question 37

pedantic

Answer 37

ADJECTIVE
If you think someone is pedantic, you mean that they are too concerned with unimportant details or traditional rules, especially in connection with academic subjects.
[disapproval]
His lecture was so pedantic and uninteresting.
Synonyms: academic, pompous, schoolmasterly, stilted

Question 38

revert

Answer 38

1. VERB
   When people or things revert to a previous state, system, or type of behaviour, they go back to it.
   Jackson said her boss became increasingly depressed and reverted to smoking heavily. [VERB + to]
2. VERB
   When someone reverts to a previous topic, they start talking or thinking about it again.
   [written]
   In the car she reverted to the subject uppermost in her mind. [VERB + to]
3. VERB
   If you revert to your usual language, you start using that language again.
   [literary]
   After all these years she had reverted to her Veneto dialect and nobody could understand what she was saying. [VERB to noun]
4. VERB
   If property, rights, or money revert to someone, they become that person’s again after someone else has had them for a period of time.
   [law]
   When the lease ends, the property reverts to the freeholder. [VERB + to]
   Synonyms: return, go back to, be returned to, be once again in the possession of More Synonyms of revert
5. See revert to type

Question 39

harpsichord

Answer 39

VARIABLE NOUN
A harpsichord is an old-fashioned musical instrument rather like a small piano. When you press the keys, the strings are pulled, rather than being hit by hammers as in a piano.

Question 40

repertoire

Answer 40

1. COUNTABLE NOUN [usually singular]
   A performer’s repertoire is all the plays or pieces of music that he or she has learned and can perform.
   Meredith D’Ambrosio has thousands of songs in her repertoire.
2. SINGULAR NOUN
   The repertoire of a person or thing is all the things of a particular kind that the person or thing is capable of doing.
   …Mike’s impressive repertoire of funny stories. [+ of]
   This has been one of the most successful desserts in my repertoire.
   Synonyms: range, list, stock, supply More Synonyms of repertoire
3. SINGULAR NOUN [with supplement]
   You can refer to all the plays or music of a particular kind as, for example, the classical repertoire or the jazz repertoire.
   It is no coincidence that the works in the ‘standard repertoire’ tend to have names.

Question 41

transcribe

Answer 41

1. VERB
   If you transcribe a speech or text, you write it out in a different form from the one in which it exists, for example by writing it out in full from notes or from a tape recording.
   She is transcribing, from his dictation, the diaries of Simon Forman. [VERB noun]
   Every telephone conversation will be recorded and transcribed. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: write out, reproduce, take down, copy out More Synonyms of transcribe
2. VERB
   If you transcribe a piece of music for an instrument which is not the one for which it was originally written, you rewrite it so that it can be played on that instrument.
   He gave up trying to write for the guitar and decided to transcribe the work for piano. [VERB noun + for]
   [Also VERB noun]
   Synonyms: translate, interpret, render, transliterate

Question 42

tempo

Answer 42

1. SINGULAR NOUN
   The tempo of an event is the speed at which it happens.
   …owing to the slow tempo of change in an overwhelmingly rural country. [+ of]
   Both teams played with a lot of quality, pace and tempo.
   Synonyms: speed, pace, velocity More Synonyms of tempo
2. VARIABLE NOUN
   The tempo of a piece of music is the speed at which it is played.
   In a new recording, the Boston Philharmonic tried the original tempo.
   Elgar supplied his works with precise indications of tempo.
   Synonyms: pace, time, rate, beat

Question 43

planetesimals

Answer 43

NOUN
1. any of a number of small bodies formerly thought to have been drawn from the sun by the close passage of a star to the sun, eventually coalescing to form the planets
an icy planetesimal
ADJECTIVE
2. of or relating to planetesimals
planetesimal theory/hypothesis/size

Question 44

lump

Answer 44

. COUNTABLE NOUN
A lump of something is a solid piece of it.
The potter shaped and squeezed the lump of clay into a graceful shape. [+ of]
…a lump of wood. [+ of]
They used to buy ten kilos of meat in one lump.
Synonyms: piece, group, ball, spot More Synonyms of lump
2. COUNTABLE NOUN
A lump on or in someone’s body is a small, hard swelling that has been caused by an injury or an illness.
I’ve got a lump on my shoulder. [+ on]
Howard had to have cancer surgery for a lump in his chest. [+ in]
Synonyms: swelling, growth, bump, tumour More Synonyms of lump
3. COUNTABLE NOUN
A lump of sugar is a small cube of it.
…a nugget of rough gold about the size of a lump of sugar.
‘No sugar,’ I said, and Jim asked for two lumps.
4. See also sugar lump
5. See also lump sum
6. See have to lump it
7. See a lump in your throat

Question 45

crater

Answer 45

COUNTABLE NOUN
A crater is a very large hole in the ground, which has been caused by something hitting it or by an explosion.
Synonyms: hollow, hole, depression, dip

Question 46

accretion

Answer 46

1. COUNTABLE NOUN
   An accretion is an addition to something, usually one that has been added over a period of time.
   [formal]
   The script has been gathering editorial accretions for years.
2. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   Accretion is the process of new layers or parts being added to something so that it increases in size.
   [formal]

a thing formed or added by gradual growth or increase.
plural noun: accretions
“the city has a historic core surrounded by recent accretions”

growth or increase by the gradual accumulation of additional layers or matter.
“the accretion of sediments in coastal mangroves”

Question 47

hasten

Answer 47

1. VERB
   If you hasten an event or process, often an unpleasant one, you make it happen faster or sooner.
   But if he does this, he may hasten the collapse of his own country. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: hurry (up), speed (up), advance, urge More Synonyms of hasten
2. VERB
   If you hasten to do something, you are quick to do it.
   She more than anyone had hastened to sign the contract. [VERB to-infinitive]
3. VERB
   If you hasten to say something, you quickly add something to what you have just said in order to prevent it being misunderstood.
   Naturally, it’ll go back. But without Murray’s little note, I hasten to add. [VERB to-infinitive]
   ‘There’s no threat in this, Freddie,’ Arnold hastened to say. [VERB to-infinitive]
   He hastened to assure me that there was nothing traumatic to report. [VERB to-infinitive]
4. VERB
   If you hasten somewhere, you hurry there.
   [literary]
   One of them, the first to alight, hastened with quicksilver steps towards me. [VERB preposition/adverb]