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ARGHA > PD_14/08/20 --> Tc --> 5LB-->58-75 > Flashcards

PD_14/08/20 --> Tc --> 5LB-->58-75 Flashcards

1
Q

entreaty

treaty

A

VARIABLE NOUN
An entreaty is a very polite, serious request.
[formal]
The FA has resisted all entreaties to pledge its support to the campaign. [+ to]
Synonyms: plea, appeal, suit, request

a formally concluded and ratified agreement between states.

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2
Q

disrupt

A
  1. VERB
    If someone or something disrupts an event, system, or process, they cause difficulties that prevent it from continuing or operating in a normal way.
    Anti-war protesters disrupted the debate. [VERB noun]
    The drought has severely disrupted agricultural production. [VERB noun]
    Synonyms: disturb, upset, confuse, disorder More Synonyms of disrupt
  2. VERB
    To disrupt a market or a technology is to change the way it works by introducing new methods that are completely different to those that have been used in the past.
    If it succeeds, the technology has the potential to seriously disrupt the current market for medical devices. [VERB noun]
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3
Q

can ill afford

A

PHRASE
If you say that someone can ill afford to do something, or can ill afford something, you mean that they must prevent it from happening because it would be harmful or embarrassing to them.
[formal]
It’s possible he won’t play but I can ill afford to lose him.
We can ill afford another scandal.
It’s an ignorance we can ill afford.

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4
Q

stopgap

A

COUNTABLE NOUN
A stopgap is something that serves a purpose for a short time, but is replaced as soon as possible.
Gone are the days when work was just a stopgap between leaving school and getting married.
Even if the bill were approved, it would be no more than a stopgap measure.
Synonyms: makeshift, improvisation, temporary expedient, shift

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5
Q

statute

A

VARIABLE NOUN
A statute is a rule or law which has been made by a government or other organization and formally written down.
The new statute covers the care for, bringing up and protection of children.
The independence of the judiciary in France is guaranteed by statute.
Synonyms: law, act, rule, regulation

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6
Q

consecration

noun [ U ]

A

the act or process of officially making something holy and able to be used for religious ceremonies:
A large congregation gathered for the consecration of the church.
the consecration of bread and wine by the priest or minister

the act of giving someone the title of bishop in the Christian Church in a religious ceremony:
the consecration of the new bishop
The consecration of the priests to their office is described in chapter 29.

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7
Q

superficial

A
  1. ADJECTIVE
    If you describe someone as superficial, you disapprove of them because they do not think deeply, and have little understanding of anything serious or important.
    [disapproval]
    This guy is a superficial yuppie with no intellect whatsoever.
    The tone of his book is consistently negative, occasionally arrogant, and often superficial.
    Synonyms: shallow, frivolous, empty-headed, empty
  2. ADJECTIVE
    Superficial injuries are not very serious, and affect only the surface of the body. You can also describe damage to an object as superficial.
    The 69-year-old clergyman escaped with superficial wounds.
    The explosion caused superficial damage to the fortified house.
  3. ADJECTIVE [ADJECTIVE noun]
    The superficial layers of the skin are the ones nearest the surface.
    [medicine]
    …superficial blood vessels in the forearm.
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8
Q

solace

A
  1. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
    Solace is a feeling of comfort that makes you feel less sad.
    [formal]
    I found solace in writing when my father died three years ago.
    Synonyms: comfort, consolation, help, support More Synonyms of solace
  2. SINGULAR NOUN
    If something is a solace to you, it makes you feel less sad.
    [formal]
    She found the companionship of Marcia a solace.
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9
Q

mores

A

PLURAL NOUN
The mores of a particular place or group of people are the customs and behaviour that are typically found in that place or group.
[formal]
…the accepted mores of British society.
…profound changes in social and sexual mores.

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10
Q

terse

A

ADJECTIVE
A terse statement or comment is brief and unfriendly.
He issued a terse statement.
His tone was terse as he asked the question.
Synonyms: curt, abrupt, brusque, short

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11
Q

distension

A

UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
Distension is abnormal swelling in a person’s or animal’s body.
[medicine]
Synonyms: swelling, spread, inflation, expansion

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12
Q

repertory

A
  1. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN [usually NOUN noun]
    A repertory company is a group of actors and actresses who perform a small number of plays for just a few weeks at a time. They work in a repertory theatre.
    …a well-known repertory company in Boston.
    He was in repertory in Dundee.
  2. SINGULAR NOUN [usually poss NOUN]
    A performer’s repertory is all the plays or pieces of music that he or she has learned and can perform.
    Her repertory was vast and to her it seemed that each song told some part of her life.
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13
Q

expatiate

verb [ I ] formal disapproving

A

to speak or write about something in great detail or for a long time:
She expatiated on/upon her work for the duration of the meal.

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14
Q

liberal

A
  1. ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
    Someone who has liberal views believes people should have a lot of freedom in deciding how to behave and think.
    She is known to have liberal views on divorce and contraception.
    Synonyms: tolerant, enlightened, open-minded, permissive More Synonyms of liberal
    Liberal is also a noun.
    …a nation of free-thinking liberals.
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15
Q

protean

A

ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
If you describe someone or something as protean, you mean that they have the ability to continually change their nature, appearance, or behaviour.
[formal]
He is a protean stylist who can move from blues to ballads and grand symphony.
Synonyms: changeable, variable, volatile, versatile

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16
Q

Arcadian

adjective literary

A

showing or relating to an image or idea of perfect countryside life:
He described a scene of Arcadian tranquillity.
His friends flocked to his country house, drawn by the Arcadian atmosphere there.

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17
Q

squalid

A
  1. ADJECTIVE
    A squalid place is dirty, untidy, and in bad condition.
    He followed her up a rickety staircase to a squalid bedsit.
    The migrants have been living in squalid conditions.
    Synonyms: dirty, filthy, seedy, sleazy More Synonyms of squalid
  2. ADJECTIVE
    Squalid activities are unpleasant and often dishonest.
    [disapproval]
    They called the bill ‘a squalid measure’.
    …the squalid pursuit of profit.
    Synonyms: unseemly, sordid, inappropriate, unsuitable
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18
Q

well-heeled

A

ADJECTIVE
Someone who is well-heeled is wealthy.
Synonyms: prosperous, rich, wealthy, affluent

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19
Q

utopia

A

VARIABLE NOUN
If you refer to an imaginary situation as a utopia, you mean that it is one in which society is perfect and everyone is happy, but which you feel is not possible.
We weren’t out to design a contemporary utopia.
…the writer in search of utopia.
…the social utopias of revolutionary peasants.
Synonyms: paradise, heaven [informal], Eden, bliss

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20
Q

hinterland

noun

A

the land behind the coast or the banks of a river, or an area of a country that is far away from cities
…the French Mediterranean coast and its hinterland.
Synonyms: the wilds, backwater, remote areas, the backwoods

21
Q

tony

A

ADJECTIVE
If you describe something as tony, you mean it is stylish and sophisticated.
[US]
…a tony dance club in Manhattan.

22
Q

licentious

A

ADJECTIVE
If you describe a person as licentious, you mean that they are very immoral in their sexual behaviour.
[formal, disapproval]
…alarming stories of licentious behaviour.
Synonyms: promiscuous, immoral, lewd, debauched

23
Q

propriety

A

UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
Propriety is the quality of being socially or morally acceptable.
[formal]
Their sense of social propriety is eroded.
Synonyms: decorum, manners, courtesy, protocol

24
Q

regressive

A

ADJECTIVE
Regressive behaviour, activities, or processes involve a return to an earlier and less advanced stage of development.
[formal]
This regressive behaviour is more common in boys.

25
Q

prudish

adjective disapproving

A

easily shocked by rude things, especially anything relating to sex:
I don’t consider myself prudish but I do think the sex scenes in the film were a bit excessive.

26
Q

shuffle sth off

— phrasal verb with shuffle verb

A

to get rid of something unwanted, usually by giving it to someone else:
Not until this turbulent region can shuffle off the burdens of the past will it be able to settle peacefully into the community of nations.
The local authority may then try to shuffle these responsibilities off onto another authority.

27
Q

deft

A

ADJECTIVE
A deft action is skilful and often quick.
[written]
With a deft flick of his foot, Mr Worth tripped one of the raiders up.
Synonyms: skilful, able, expert, clever

28
Q

effete

A

ADJECTIVE
If you describe someone as effete, you are criticizing them for being weak and powerless.
[formal, disapproval]

29
Q

whet
verb

excerpt

A

to increase someone’s interest in and wish for something, usually by giving them a small experience of it:
I’ve read an excerpt of the book on the Web and it’s whetted my appetite.
That one kiss had whetted his appetite.

  1. COUNTABLE NOUN
    An excerpt is a short piece of writing or music which is taken from a larger piece.
    …an excerpt from Tchaikovsky’s Nutcracker. [+ from]
    Synonyms: extract, part, piece, section More Synonyms of excerpt
  2. PASSIVE VERB
    If a long piece of writing or music is excerpted, short pieces from it are printed or played on their own.
    The following is excerpted from his journal. [be V-ed from n]
    Synonyms: extract, take, select, quote
30
Q

accrue

verb [ I ] formal

A

to increase in number or amount over a period of time:
Interest will accrue on the account at a rate of seven percent.
Little benefit will accrue to the city (= it will receive little benefit) from the new transport links.

31
Q

mindfulness

A

UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
Mindfulness is a way of training your mind to concentrate on the present, in order to feel calm and improve your mental state.
We have started teaching mindfulness techniques to our pupils.

32
Q

botched

adjective

A

used to describe something, usually a job, that is done badly:
Our landlord redecorated the bedroom, but it was such a botched job that we decided to redo it.
Thousands of women are infertile as a result of botched abortions.

33
Q

booming

adjective

A

making a deep and loud hollow sound:
a booming voice
The van turns up, fully equipped with a booming sound system.making a deep and loud hollow sound:
a booming voice
The van turns up, fully equipped with a booming sound system.

34
Q

beholden

A

ADJECTIVE
If you are beholden to someone, you are in debt to them in some way or you feel that you have a duty to them because they have helped you.
He was made beholden to the Mafia.
We feel really beholden to them for what they’ve done.
Synonyms: indebted, bound, owing, grateful

35
Q

behold

A
  1. VERB
    If you behold someone or something, you see them.
    [literary]
    She looked into his eyes and beheld madness. [VERB noun]
    He was a joy to behold. [VERB]
    Synonyms: look at, see, view, eye More Synonyms of behold
  2. CONVENTION
    People used to say or write ‘Behold’ to draw people’s attention to something.
    [humorous, literary, old-fashioned]
    Fear Not. Behold The Saviour.
    Behold a series of thrilling photographs of Felix.
36
Q

aide

A

COUNTABLE NOUN
An aide is an assistant to someone who has an important job, especially in government or in the armed forces.
…a close aide to the Prime Minister. [+ to]
Synonyms: assistant, supporter, deputy, attendant

37
Q

groan

A
  1. VERB
    If you groan, you make a long, low sound because you are in pain, or because you are upset or unhappy about something.
    Slowly, he opened his eyes. As he did so, he began to groan with pain. [VERB + with]
    They glanced at the man on the floor, who began to groan. [VERB]
    She was making small groaning noises. [VERB-ing]
    Synonyms: moan, cry, sigh
  2. VERB
    If you say that something such as a table groans under the weight of food, you are emphasizing that there is a lot of food on it.
    [emphasis]
    The bar counter groans under the weight of huge plates of the freshest fish. [V + under/with]
38
Q

bay

A
  1. VERB [usually cont]
    If a number of people are baying for something, they are demanding something angrily, usually that someone should be punished.
    The referee ignored voices baying for a penalty. [VERB + for]
    Opposition politicians have been baying for his blood. [VERB for noun]
    …the baying crowd. [VERB-ing]
  2. VERB
    If a dog or wolf bays, it makes loud, long cries.
    A dog suddenly howled, baying at the moon. [VERB + at]
    [Also VERB]
    Synonyms: howl, cry, roara hound, bark
1. COUNTABLE NOUN [oft in names]
A bay is a part of a coast where the land curves inwards.
...a short ferry ride across the bay. 
...the Bay of Bengal. 
...the San Francisco Bay area. 
Synonyms: inlet, sound, gulf, entrance
39
Q

seething

adjective [ before noun ]

A

extremely angry but unable or unwilling to express it clearly:
A feeling of seething resentment led to angry exchanges between the teams.

  1. VERB
    If you say that a place is seething with people or things, you are emphasizing that it is very full of them and that they are all moving about.
    [emphasis]
    The forest below him seethed and teemed with life. [VERB + with]
    Madrigueras station was a seething mass of soldiers. [VERB-ing]
    [Also VERB]
    Synonyms: teem, be full of, abound, swarm
40
Q

heterodox

A

ADJECTIVE
Heterodox beliefs, opinions, or ideas are different from the accepted or official ones.
[formal]
Synonyms: unorthodox, dissident, heretical, revisionist

41
Q

enshrine

verb [ T usually + adv/prep ] formal

A

to contain or keep something as if in a holy place:
A lot of memories are enshrined in this photograph album.
Her father plans to build an altar at her grave, enshrining the dress and shoes she wore that July day.

be enshrined in sth
If a political or social right is enshrined in something, it is protected by being included in it:
The right of freedom of speech is enshrined in law/in the constitution.

42
Q

toil

A
  1. VERB
    When people toil, they work very hard doing unpleasant or tiring tasks.
    [literary]
    People who toiled in dim, dank factories were too exhausted to enjoy their family life. [VERB]
    Workers toiled long hours. [VERB noun]
43
Q

painstaking

A

ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
A painstaking search, examination, or investigation is done extremely carefully and thoroughly.
Forensic experts carried out a painstaking search of the debris.
Synonyms: thorough, careful, meticulous, earnest

44
Q

empathize

A

VERB
If you empathize with someone, you understand their situation, problems, and feelings, because you have been in a similar situation.
I clearly empathize with the people who live in those neighborhoods. [VERB + with]
Parents must make use of their natural ability to empathize. [VERB]

45
Q

semblance

A

UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
If there is a semblance of a particular condition or quality, it appears to exist, even though this may be a false impression.
[formal]
At least a semblance of normality has been restored to parts of the country. [+ of]
They had nursed Peter back to some semblance of health.
Synonyms: appearance, show, form, air

the outward appearance or apparent form of something, especially when the reality is different.
“she tried to force her thoughts back into some semblance of order”

46
Q

flimsy

A
  1. ADJECTIVE
    A flimsy object is weak because it is made of a weak material, or is badly made.
    …a flimsy wooden door.
    …a pair of flimsy shoes.
    Synonyms: fragile, weak, slight, delicate More Synonyms of flimsy
    flimsily (flɪmzɪli) ADVERB
    …flimsily constructed houses.
  2. ADJECTIVE
    Flimsy cloth or clothing is thin and does not give much protection.
    …a very flimsy pink chiffon nightgown.
    Synonyms: thin, light, sheer, transparent More Synonyms of flimsy
  3. ADJECTIVE
    If you describe something such as evidence or an excuse as flimsy, you mean that it is not very good or convincing.
    The charges were based on very flimsy evidence.
    Synonyms: unconvincing, poor, thin, weak
47
Q

fruition

A

UNCOUNTABLE NOUN [usu to N]
If something comes to fruition, it starts to succeed and produce the results that were intended or hoped for.
[formal]
These plans take time to come to fruition.
His hopes for a new political party have little chance of reaching fruition.
Synonyms: fulfilment, maturity, completion, perfection

48
Q

leery

A

ADJECTIVE [usually verb-link ADJECTIVE]
If you are leery of something, you are cautious and suspicious about it and try to avoid it.
[informal]
Executives say they are leery of the proposed system. [+ of]
They were leery about investing in a company controlled by a single individual. [+ about]
Synonyms: wary, cautious, uncertain, suspicious More Synonyms of leery
2. ADJECTIVE
If someone looks or smiles at you in a leery way, they look or smile at you in an unpleasant way, usually because they are sexually interested in you.
[disapproval]
…a leery grin.

49
Q

redress

A
  1. VERB
    If you redress something such as a wrong or a complaint, you do something to correct it or to improve things for the person who has been badly treated.
    [formal]
    More and more victims turn to litigation to redress wrongs done to them. [VERB noun]
    Synonyms: make amends for, pay for, make up for, compensate for More Synonyms of redress
  2. VERB
    If you redress the balance or the imbalance between two things that have become unfair or unequal, you make them fair and equal again.
    [formal]
    We’re trying to redress the balance and show teachers that spoken and written language are equally important. [VERB noun]
    They tried to redress the economic imbalance between developed and developing countries. [VERB noun]
  3. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
    Redress is money that someone pays you because they have caused you harm or loss.
    [formal]
    They are continuing their legal battle to seek some redress from the government.
    Synonyms: amends, payment, compensation, reparation More Synonyms of redress
    More Synonyms of redress

ARGHA (46 decks)

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