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ARGHA > D_19/08/20 --> Tc --> 5LB-->26- > Flashcards

D_19/08/20 --> Tc --> 5LB-->26- Flashcards

1
Q

invalidate

verb [ T ]

A

to officially stop a document, ticket, law, etc. being legally or officially acceptable

to prove that an opinion, argument, etc. is wrong

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2
Q

defer

verb [ T ]

A

to delay something until a later time:
My bank has agreed to defer the repayments on my loan.
[ + -ing verb ] Can we defer making a decision until next week?

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3
Q

presage

verb [ T ] formal

A

to show or suggest that something, often something unpleasant, will happen:
But still the economy is not showing signs of any of the excesses that normally presage a recession.

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4
Q

legume

noun [ C ] BIOLOGY specialized

A

a plant that has its seeds in a pod, such as the bean or pea

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5
Q

archaically

adverb

A

connected with a time in the past or an ancient period of history:
The pamphlets they publish are archaically called tracts.

DISAPPROVING
in a way that is extremely old-fashioned:
Attitudes at the company are archaically paternalistic.

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6
Q

deft

adjective

A

skilful, clever, or quick:
Her movements were deft and quick.
She answered the journalist’s questions with a deft touch.
He’s very deft at handling awkward situations.

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7
Q

unbeknownst

A

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
If something happens unbeknownst to you or unbeknown to you, you do not know about it.
Unbeknownst to her father, she began taking dancing lessons.

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8
Q

consanguineous

adjective

A

connected with the fact of people being blood relations (= related to someone by birth, not marriage):
Some Hindu groups prefer consanguineous marriages while others prohibit them.

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9
Q

tremulous

adjective literary

A

If a person’s voice or a part of their body is tremulous, it is shaking slightly:
He watched her tremulous hand reach for the teacup.
In a tremulous voice she whispered: “Who are you people?”

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10
Q

coltish
adjective

cult

A

A young person or animal that is coltish is full of energy but clumsy or awkward, because they lack physical skill or control.

  1. COUNTABLE NOUN [usually singular]
    A cult is a fairly small religious group, especially one which is considered strange.
    The teenager may have been abducted by a religious cult.
    [Also + of]
    Synonyms: sect, following, body, faction More Synonyms of cult
  2. ADJECTIVE [ADJECTIVE noun]
    Cult is used to describe things that are very popular or fashionable among a particular group of people.
    Since her death, she has become a cult figure.
    The film is destined to become a cult classic.
    The Osaka-based group is popular home in Japan and has developed a cult following in the United States.
  3. SINGULAR NOUN
    Someone or something that is a cult has become very popular or fashionable among a particular group of people.
    Ludlam was responsible for making Ridiculous Theatre something of a cult.
    The bra has gone from being a fashion classic to a fashion cult.
  4. COUNTABLE NOUN
    The cult of something is a situation in which people regard that thing as very important or special.
    [disapproval]
    …the cult of youth that recently gripped publishing.
    Society is entitled and bound to protect itself against a cult of violence.
    Meanwhile, the personality cult around this campaigner grew.
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11
Q

repulse

Impulse

A
  1. VERB [usually passive]
    If you are repulsed by something, you think that it is horrible and disgusting and you want to avoid it.
    Evil has charisma. Though people are repulsed by it, they also are drawn to its power. [be VERB-ed]
  2. VERB
    If an army or other group repulses a group of people, they drive it back using force.
    The armed forces were prepared to repulse any attacks. [VERB noun]
    Synonyms: drive back, check, defeat, fight off
  3. VARIABLE NOUN [oft NOUN to-infinitive]
    An impulse is a sudden desire to do something.
    Unable to resist the impulse, he glanced at the sea again.
    He still couldn’t understand the impulse that had made him confide in Cassandra.
    Wade resisted an impulse to smile.
    Synonyms: urge, longing, desire, drive More Synonyms of impulse
  4. COUNTABLE NOUN
    An impulse is a short electrical signal that is sent along a wire or nerve or through the air, usually as one of a series.
  5. ADJECTIVE [ADJECTIVE noun]
    An impulse buy or impulse purchase is something that you decide to buy when you see it, although you had not planned to buy it.
    The curtains were an impulse buy.
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12
Q

sterile

adjective

A

(of a living being) unable to produce young, or (of land) unable to produce plants or crops:
Mules are usually sterile.
One of the side effects of the drug could be to make men sterile.

having no imagination, new ideas, or energy:
a sterile argument

completely clean and free from dirt and bacteria:
The operation must be carried out under sterile conditions.

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13
Q

harbinger

noun [ C ] literary

A

a person or thing that shows that something is going to happen soon, especially something bad:
a harbinger of doom

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14
Q

forebear

A

COUNTABLE NOUN [usually with poss]
Your forebears are your ancestors.
[literary]
I’ll come back to the land of my forebears.
Synonyms: ancestor, father, predecessor, forerunner

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15
Q

recant

verb [ I or T ]

A

to announce in public that your past beliefs or statements were wrong and that you no longer agree with them:
After a year spent in solitary confinement, he publicly recanted (his views).

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16
Q

omnipotent
adjective formal

omnipresent

A

having unlimited power and able to do anything:
How can a loving, omnipotent God permit disease, war and suffering?

ADJECTIVE
Something that is omnipresent is present everywhere or seems to be always present.
[formal]
The sound of sirens was an omnipresent background noise in New York.
The obsessive thoughts became so omnipresent that her memory was affected.
Synonyms: ubiquitous, ever-present, pervasive

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17
Q

unobtrusive

obtrusive

A

ADJECTIVE
If you describe something or someone as unobtrusive, you mean that they are not easily noticed or do not draw attention to themselves.
[formal]
The coffee table is glass, to be as unobtrusive as possible.
He managed the factory with unobtrusive efficiency.

ADJECTIVE
If you say that someone or something is obtrusive, you think they are noticeable in an unpleasant way.
‘You are rude and obtrusive, Mr Galbraith,’ said Tommy.
These heaters are less obtrusive and are easy to store away in the summer.
Synonyms: noticeable, striking, obvious, prominent

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18
Q

stout

adjective

A

strong and determined:
He needed a stout heart and nerves of steel.

Stout objects are strongly made from thick, strong materials:
I bought myself a pair of good stout hiking boots.

(especially of older people) fat and solid-looking, especially around the waist:
Mrs Blower was the stout lady with the glasses.

19
Q

vestigial

A

ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
Vestigial is used to describe the small amounts of something that still remain of a larger or more important thing.
[formal]
Vestigial remains of these plays are now seen in the Christmas pantomime.

20
Q

antiquated

adjective

A

old-fashioned or unsuitable for modern society:
It will take many years to modernize these antiquated industries.
Compared with modern satellite dishes, ordinary TV aerials look positively antiquated.
antiquated ideas/attitudes/values
antiquated laws/machinery/technology

21
Q

high-handed

adjective

A

using power or authority more forcefully than is needed, without thinking about the feelings or wishes of other people

22
Q

peccadillo

noun [ C ]

A

a small fault or mistake, or something that someone does wrong that is not very serious:
a youthful peccadillo
He dismissed what had happened as a mere peccadillo.

23
Q

menacing

adjective

A

making you think that someone is going to do something bad:
a menacing look/gesture

If someone or something looks menacing, they give you a feeling that they are likely to cause you harm or put you in danger.
The strong dark eyebrows give his face an oddly menacing look.
He moved his menacing bulk closer to the table.
The wide river looked less menacing when flanked by the warm yellow houses.
Synonyms: threatening, dangerous, alarming, frightening

24
Q

unprovoked
adjective

provoke

A

ADJECTIVE
If someone makes an unprovoked attack, they attack someone who has not tried to harm them in any way.

If an unpleasant action or remark is unprovoked, it has not been caused by anything and is therefore unfair:
an unprovoked attack on her character

  1. VERB
    If you provoke someone, you deliberately annoy them and try to make them behave aggressively.
    He started shouting at me but I didn’t do anything to provoke him. [VERB noun]
    I provoked him into doing something really stupid. [VERB noun + into]
    Synonyms: anger, insult, annoy, offend More Synonyms of provoke
  2. VERB
    If something provokes a reaction, it causes it.
    His election success has provoked a shocked reaction. [VERB noun]
    Synonyms: rouse, cause, produce, lead to More Synonyms of provoke
25
Q

confront

verb [ T ]

A

to face, meet, or deal with a difficult situation or person:
As she left the court, she was confronted by angry crowds who tried to block her way.
It’s an issue we’ll have to confront at some point, no matter how unpleasant it is.
I thought I would stay calm, but when I was confronted with/by the TV camera, I got very nervous.

26
Q

pageant

noun [ C ]

A

mainly US
a competition for young women in which they are judged on their beauty and other qualities:
a beauty pageant

UK
a show, usually performed outside, that consists of people wearing traditional clothing and acting out historical events:
Our youngest son is taking part in the school pageant.

27
Q

dulcet

adjective

A

Dulcet sounds are soft and pleasant to listen to.

28
Q

endearing

adjective

A

making someone like you:

She laughs at herself a lot, which is always endearing.

29
Q

skittish

adjective

A

(of people and animals) nervous or easily frightened:
My horse is very skittish, so I have to keep him away from traffic.
Investors are skittish about the impact of an economic downturn.

(of a person) not serious and likely to change their beliefs or opinions often:
Marilyn was like a child, playful and skittish one moment, sulky and withdrawn the next.

30
Q

euphemistically

adverb

A

in a way that avoids saying an unpleasant or offensive word by using a different word or phrase:
The foreign fighters are euphemistically called “guests” .
He euphemistically referred to the situation as “challenging” .

31
Q

sole

adjective

A

being one only; single:
My sole objective is to make the information more widely available.
The sole survivor of the accident was found in the water after six hours.

not shared with anyone else:
She has sole responsibility for the project.
I have sole charge of both children all day.

32
Q

motley

A

ADJECTIVE [ADJECTIVE noun]
You can describe a group of things as a motley collection if you think they seem strange together because they are all very different.
…a motley collection of vans, old buses, cattle-trucks, and even a fire engine.
The volunteers seem a motley crew.
Synonyms: miscellaneous, mixed, varied, diversified

33
Q

Beguile

A
  1. VERB
    If something beguiles you, you are charmed and attracted by it.
    His paintings beguiled the Prince of Wales. [VERB noun]
    We are beguiled by the country’s beauty and its magnificent cultural past. [be VERB-ed]
    Synonyms: charm, please, attract, delight More Synonyms of beguile
  2. VERB
    If someone beguiles you into doing something, they trick you into doing it.
    He used his newspapers to beguile the readers into buying shares in his company. [VERB noun + into]
    Synonyms: fool, trick, take in, cheat More Synonyms of beguile

to persuade, attract, or interest someone, sometimes in order to deceive them :
He was completely beguiled by her beauty.
The salesman beguiled him into buying a car he didn’t want.

34
Q

sentry

A

COUNTABLE NOUN
A sentry is a soldier who guards a camp or a building.
The sentry would not let her enter.
Aren’t you supposed to be on sentry duty?
Synonyms: guard, watch, lookout, picket

35
Q

Discount

A

If you discount an idea, fact, or theory, you consider that it is not true, not important, or not relevant.
However, traders tended to discount the rumor. [VERB noun]
This theory has now been discounted. [VERB noun]

36
Q

heap upon

A

heap (something) upon (someone or something)

To place or give a large or excessive amount of something, especially something spoken, on or to someone or something.

37
Q

Depose

A

VERB [usually passive]
If a ruler or political leader is deposed, they are forced to give up their position.
Mr Ben Bella was deposed in a coup in 1965. [be VERB-ed]
…the deposed dictator. [VERB-ed]
Synonyms: oust, dismiss, displace, degrade

38
Q

subordination

A

the act of giving someone or something less importance or power:
She claims that society is still characterized by male domination and female subordination.
subordination of high standards to quick results

39
Q

Ecology

A
  1. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
    Ecology is the study of the relationships between plants, animals, people, and their environment, and the balances between these relationships.
    …a senior lecturer in ecology.
  2. VARIABLE NOUN
    When you talk about the ecology of a place, you are referring to the pattern and balance of relationships between plants, animals, people, and the environment in that place.
    …the ecology of the rocky Negev desert in Israel. [+ of]
    …the extinction of the marshes’ unique ecology.
    Global ecological efforts can easily be at odds with local ecologies.
40
Q

herald

A
  1. VERB
    Something that heralds a future event or situation is a sign that it is going to happen or appear.
    [formal]
    …the sultry evening that heralded the end of the baking hot summer. [VERB noun]
    Their discovery could herald a cure for some forms of impotence. [VERB noun]
    Synonyms: indicate, promise, precede, pave the way More Synonyms of herald
  2. COUNTABLE NOUN
    Something that is a herald of a future event or situation is a sign that it is going to happen or appear.
    [formal]
    I welcome the report as a herald of more freedom, not less. [+ of]
    For her, it was the herald of summer.
    Synonyms: forerunner, sign, signal, indication More Synonyms of herald
  3. VERB [usually passive]
    If an important event or action is heralded by people, announcements are made about it so that it is publicly known and expected.
    [formal]
    Her new album has been heralded by a massive media campaign. [be VERB-ed + by]
    Tonight’s big game is being heralded as the match of the season. [be VERB-ed + as]
    Synonyms: announce, publish, advertise, proclaim More Synonyms of herald
  4. COUNTABLE NOUN
    In former times, a herald was a person who delivered and announced important messages.
41
Q

plaudits

A

PLURAL NOUN
If a person or a thing receives plaudits from a group of people, those people express their admiration for or approval of that person or thing.
[formal]
They won plaudits and prizes for their accomplished films.

42
Q

sentry

A

OUNTABLE NOUN
A sentry is a soldier who guards a camp or a building.
The sentry would not let her enter.
Aren’t you supposed to be on sentry duty?
Synonyms: guard, watch, lookout, picket

43
Q

sycophant

A

COUNTABLE NOUN
A sycophant is a person who behaves in a sycophantic way.
[formal, disapproval]
…a dictator surrounded by sycophants, frightened to tell him what he may not like.
Synonyms: crawler, yes man, toady, slave

44
Q

evanescent

A

ADJECTIVE
Something that is evanescent gradually disappears from sight or memory.
[formal, or literary]
…the evanescent scents of summer herbs.
Synonyms: ephemeral, passing, brief, fading

ARGHA (46 decks)

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