PCT EOPA extra Flashcards
Point of Care testing - Dermal Capillary collection
-most common type
-mainly for diabetes mellitus
-Wipe away first drop of blood
-random glucose test should be less than 200 mg/dl*
- Females: less than x>40 or 450<x greater than
- Males: less than x>50 or 450<x greater than
Lateral side of middle or ring (mainly ring finger), nondominant hand
Proper Communication & Types
Effective: active listening, positive facial reactions, eye contact, good posture, etc.
Theraputic: accepting, processing, and repeating what a patient said, clarifying, encouraging conversation, focusing, persuading patient to express thoughts in detail but no probing/forcing, etc.
Dont: agree/disagree, offer approval, give false hope
Anti-Embolism Stockings / Compression Hose
- AKA Anti embolism/Thromboembolic deterrent (TED)
- used to prevent blood clots from forming in deep veins of the legs and prevent buildup in the legs
- They should be removed at least once per shift
- Turned inside out before applying to make application easier
Ambulation
- non weight bearing = mechanical lifts or transfer boards
- stand on patients’ weaker side when using gait belt
- if patient starts to fall, assist them to the floor or pull it close to you
- When using a walker hand grip should be hip level
- when assisting patient from bed to wheel chair, ideal stance is 12 feet(?) apart to reduce strain on lowr back
- patient should push off bed when prompted while moving from bed to wheel chair
- wheel chair should be placed on stronger side
Respiratory care
- Turning, coughing, and deep breathing (TCDB) helps prevent respiratory complications
- feeling drowsy after pain meds and anesthetia can make it difficult for lungs to function
- patients should cough and take deep breaths frequently at least every 1 to 2 hours
- coughing is painful after abdominal surgery -> encourage patient to hold pillow against abdominal area to help reduce pain
- pulse ox on babies should be placed in big toe
Movement
-Hyperextend the shoulder, place elbow straight and move their arm backwards behind their body
-Abduct the shoulder, move arm sideways above the head with the palm outward
-Circumduction the shoulder, move patients arm in a full circle
-Flexion the shoulder, raise the patients arm in a full circle
-Providing a splint for the wrist will put the wrist in slight dorsiflexion
Informational
-HIPPA = providers can communicate about disease like tuberculosis if they feel there is an outbreak in the community, “for the greater good of the community” -> not protected information
-Hospice care is reimbursed by Medicare or Medicaid
-The letter U is on the Joint commissions list of DO NOT use list because it is easily read as other letters
-Lead methodology is a process of streamlining processes in the hospital
-documentation should only be made for activities that you have done with a patient and document as they happen, best to do it in front of the patient
Equipment
when using a mechanical scale, make sure the scale is balanced to zero before measuring a patient
pregnant women
-a patient that is postpartum (just had a baby) and has a headache with visual disturbances, it could indicate gestational hypertension and should be reported to the nurse
-sitz bath is used after birth or for patient with hemorrhoids
care stuff
-heating pads are never left on overnight, should have a towel places between the pad and the patient, needs to be checked every 5 minutes
-oral intake of fluids should be at least 1100-1400 mL/day
Fire
-PASS = pull the pin, aim, squeeze, sweep, point it at the base of the fire and sweep from side to side
-RACE = Rescue, activate, confine, extinguish
Reporting
PCT wants to report unethical behavior of coworker, tell the charge nurse (bc its following chain of command)
Wong-Baker FACES pain scale
for kids
Walker ambulation stuff
The patient should advance the walker 10 to 18 inches with each step (25.4-47.5 cm)
PCT cleans urine off of examination table, what container should the PCT use to dispose of the wash cloth
The technician should dispose of soiled linens, such as a urine-soiled washcloth, in an impermeable laundry bag.
what ekg findings differ acc idioventricular from junctional rhythm
Acc idio has wider QRS compelx
infant collection of dif types - order
O2 levels always go first,
pallid =
pale
St segment elevation, p wave then HIGH ASS spike of what would be a qrs complex and the rest of the wave is elevated in the air until it descends again for another p wave
myocardial infrection
Bilirubin specimen
ultraviolet light must be turned off for this collection to maintain the integrity of it
Avg Blood glucose levels
Fasting (before eating): 70 to 100 mg/dL (3.9 to 5.6 mmol/L)
After eating (1-2 hours): Less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) is considered normal
Pre-diabetes: Fasting blood glucose levels between 100 and 125 mg/dL (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L
Diabetes: Fasting blood glucose levels of 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher are indicative of diabetes
Palliative care
Palliative care is a specialized form of medical care that focuses on improving the quality of life for people with serious or life-threatening illnesses
epistaxis
nose bleed
which one shows patient understands HIPPA
“my provider is required to report a diagnosis of tb”
Adult cpr compression depth
5cm (2 in) (and its 100-120 compressions a min, 2 breaths that are a 1 second duration)
incentive spirometry
medical device used to help patients, particularly those recovering from surgery, take deep breaths and expand their lungs. It encourages deep, slow inhalations by providing visual feedback of the amount of air inhaled.
Cleaning for Venipuncture for patient with shellfish allergy
instead of povine iodine, use chlorohexodine-gluconate
Large U wave for EKG
decreased potassium
Passive range of motion (ROM)
dorsiflexion is considered ROM, on an ankle it would be: flexing the ankle so that the toes are pointed upward.
Removal of IV catheter, what should PCT do
put gauze over the IV site when removing the catheter
CLIA
To establish quality standards for laboratory testing on human specimens
tube inversion
prevent clotting
chain of custody is for..
To guarantee the identification and integrity of samples
EKG leads
Lead I = LA, RA
Lead II = RA,LL
Lead III = LA,LL
Urine 24hr range
urine output within a 24-hr period is 750 to 2,000 mL
What to report to the Joint Commission (tjc)
sentinel events: are unexpected occurrences that cause death or serious physical or psychological injury to a patient.
Specimen that has to be transported and remain at body temp
put specimen in warming device
making open bed for a patient
Fanfold the top linens at the foot of the bed, This allows for easy access to the bed without the technician or patient needing to pull back the linens.
PCT has conflict with another PCT
talk in private
PCT is reviewing quality improvement tools, what tool improves patient saftey and quality of health care
Lean Methodology
caring for ostomy
use toilet paper around stoma (one of the weird questions abt stomas)
gait belt bs
patient can hold onto you w their arms
taking pulse for atrial fib patient
manually using apical pulse sight
patients daughter is visiting and is asking about health of patients room mate, what does pct do
“you can ask the patient about his condition”
faciltiies infection control program is by who
TJC
granulation healing wound
change dressing everyday
imporving vertebral allignment with immobile patient
use bed board
sequential compression devices (SCD) should be
removed every 8 hours
oral care for dentures
replace upper denture before lower denture
severe hypertension
legs show pitting edema
patient recovering from abdominal surgery with deep breathing and coughing, what should pct expect
Cleared airway blockage of fluid and mucus
swelling in IV site
catheter infiltration
Ventricular Tachy pulse sight
cartoid
pct cant get pulse ox reading on monitor, what could be the cause
86/62 blood preassure with cold hands and fingers
when should pct compare code on glucose cuvettes with glucometer
when a pateint is tested
patient risk for falls, at what time should u check and document patient
every 1 hr
pct can prevent sentinel events by
Ensuring proper application of all safety reminder devices (SRDs)
Patient who is on strict I&O (intake and outake), how often to you record it
Every 8 hours
Mislabeled blood bank collection
Bad transfusion reaction
transfering patient from bed to wheelchair using mechanical lift with a sling, as theyre being trasnfered, the PCT should place them in which of the following positions
fowlers
Purpose of CLIA
To establish quality standards for laboratory testing on human specimens
PCT is preparing to clean metal instruments that were used to remove staples from a surgical wound. What should the PCT do to destroy the micro-organisms and spores on the metal instruments
Place the instruments in an autoclave and steam them under pressure or moist heat.
disinfection of materials
bleach solution (usually 1:10)
PCT is helping nurse perform an aseptic wound dressing change for a patient who has stage IV pressure ulcer, what should the PCT do
Don new gloves after removing the soiled dressing
(why its not “use sterile gloves to remove the dressing” bc apparently its not neccary for them to wear sterile gloves to remove a soiled wound dressing)
pct is caring for 4 patients, which one should be reported to the nurse
blood glucose of 190, ig the range is 70-140 (bc the options of 90,100,130 were in the expected range)
PCT is obtaining blood specimen, which of the following errors could cause hemolysis
transporting tubes horizontally
PCT is transferring patient who had right side weakness from bed to wheelchair, what method should the technician ask to promote proper body mechanics
Grasp the back of the transfer belt and have the patient stand using stronger side while lifting with legs and keeping back straight.
Oral suctioning
Limit suctioning to no more than 15 seconds at a time, The technician should apply suction for no longer than 15 seconds and repeat it after 1 to 2 min if necessary.
cane
“Hold the cane on the stronger side of your body.”, weak leg goes first then stronger leg, move can first then weak leg, can should be at hip/wrist level
prevent health care associated infections
follow standard precautions when caring for a patient with surgical incisions
Holter monitor duration
24-48 hours
diabeties mel whatever sign of hyperglycemia
frequent urination, thrist
Safteh data sheets made availabke by
osha
apical pulse is
5th inc space
bed scale is used for
total hip discolation, bascially ppl with limited immobility and cant stand
reporting time for needle stick injuries
asap
cream to prevent skin breakdown
barrier cream
