PCOS Flashcards
1
Q
define PCOS?
A
characterised by oligomenorrhoea/amenorrhoea and hyperandrogenism
2
Q
what is PCOS associated with?
A
o Obesity
o Insulin resistance
o Type 2 diabetes mellitus
o Dyslipidaemia
3
Q
what is the aetiology of PCOS?
A
- Hyperinsulinaemia results in increased ovarian androgen synthesis and reduced SHBG
- This leads to an increase in free androgens
4
Q
epidemiology of PCOS?
A
PCOS is the most common cause of infertility
5
Q
presenting symptoms of PCOS?
A
- Oligomenorrhoea
- Infertility
- Obesity
- Symptoms of hyperandrogenism
6
Q
what are symptoms of hyperandrogenism?
A
o Hirsuitism
o Male-pattern hair loss
o Acne
7
Q
sign of PCOS?
A
• Acanthosis nigricans
8
Q
what imaging should be done for PCOS?
A
o Pelvic USS: multiple cysts on the ovaries
9
Q
what bloods might be seen in PCOS?
A
o High LH: FSH ratio o High testosterone o High prolactin o Low sex hormone binding globulin o impaired glucose tolerance
10
Q
what are the diagnosis criteria of PCOS?
A
- Oligomenorrhoea or amenorrhoea
- Clinical or biochemical signs of hyper- androgenism or elevated testosterone
- Polycystic ovaries on USS
