pavlov-content

Question 1

pavlov aim

Answer 1

To find out if a reflexive behaviour can be produced in new situations through learning.
To see if associating a reflex with a neutral stimulus (a sound) causes learning to take
place, producing a conditioned reflex in new situations.

Question 2

pavlov sample

Answer 2

35 dogs of a variety of breeds, raised in kennels in the lab

Question 3

pavlov method

Answer 3

Pavlov placed each dog in a sealed room that didn’t allow the dog to see, smell or hear
anything outside. This was to prevent other stimuli (extraneous variables) from making
the dog salivate.
* The dog was strapped into a harness to stop it moving about and its mouth was linked to
a tube that drained saliva away into a measuring bottle.
* After enough time (and enough feedings) when the dogs heard footsteps approaching
they thought it was someone coming to feed them, so the dog would start salivating
* Pavlov tried to repeat this same reaction by using a metronome (we often say a bell, but
it was a metronome) before feeding.
* Eventually, when they heard the metronome, they began to salivate.
* The Neutral stimuli (the metronome) became associated with the food (UCS) and
eventually brought about the salivation behaviour (CR)

Question 4

pavlov results

Answer 4

Pavlov found that the conditioned dog started to salivate 9 seconds after hearing the
sound and, by 45 seconds, had produced 11 drops of saliva
* In the Control Condition, Pavlov presented the dog with food (meat powder) through a
hatch. The dog salivated.
* As an experimental Control, Pavlov presented the dog with the Neutral Stimulus sound.
The dog did not salivate at this, showing that it was indeed a Neutral Stimulus