learning practical

Question 1

learning practical aim

Answer 1

• To conduct an observation into males and females behaviour on public transport (comparing ‘good manners’ against
  ‘bad manners’) using a covert, non-participant observation
• Alternative hypothesis (One-tailed): Males will show more polite and less rude behaviours than females on public transport to and from college during morning and evening rush hour (approximated 20m journeys).
• Null hypothesis: There will be no difference in the number of polite and rude behaviour seen by males and females on public transport to and from college during morning and evening rush hour (approximated 20m journeys).

Question 1

learning practical sample

Answer 1

• Sample: Opportunity sampling gathering 100 participants gathered from public transport to and from college during morning and evening rush hour (approximated 20m journeys).

Question 2

learning practical procedure

Answer 2

We created a coding scheme which identified good manners i.e. putting your bag under your seat, saying
excuse me and bad manners i.e. putting your feet on a chair or standing in the way of the doors when people are
trying to get one.
* We piloted the study first to ensure inter-rater reliability and then sat on the metro every morning in pairs for a week
keeping track of when males and females showed these behaviours.
* We gathered qualitative data in this study by noting down phrases people were saying when they were talking loudly
or making a note on what types of music people were listening too if their headphones were too loud.
* This was a participant, covert, naturalistic observation. We also identified themes from the qualitative data using a simple thematic analysis.
* We recorded the first behaviour that we saw from our coding scheme and then didn’t count any others to ensure it was nominal data
* A 2 x 2 matrix was created with male and female, rude and polite behaviours and spaces for tallies for each (e.g.
male-rude, male-polite etc) (1). We sat on the metro and recorded the number of behaviours we saw in other passengers during rides we tallied the number of behaviours based on a pre-set coding scheme(1). We calculated the
chi squared formula for these results.
* We noted down other qualitative data during the observation and read through the notes looking for themes in the
data

Question 3

learning practical results

Answer 3

• Our results showed 30 rude males, 20 polite, 16 rude females, 34 polite. We did a Chi Squared and found a critical
  value of 9.098 at P<0.05 which has a critical value of 3.84 at a two tailed hypothesis showing that the hypothesis was
  accepted and I rejected there is a difference between males and females in rude and polite behaviours on public transport. (or 2.71 for one tailed…depending on which hypothesis you used).