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OS Derm > Pathophys-Day 3 Bugs, Bites, Stings > Flashcards

Pathophys-Day 3 Bugs, Bites, Stings Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Chagas disease acute presentation

A

Local erythema and LAD
Romana sign - painless edema of palpebrae
Fever, malaise, anorexia, edema extremity

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2
Q

Chagas disease chronic presentation

A

Years to decades later
Cardiac and GI manifestations:
Failure arrythmia, megacolon etc

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3
Q

Treatment for Chaas

A

Nifurtimox and benzimidazole

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4
Q

American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) is caused by?

A

Reduvid bug carrying T cruzi

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5
Q

African sleeping sickness caused by?

A

Tsetse flies carrying T brucei

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6
Q

African tryp infection compared to american?

A

Direct fly bite injects trypanosome into skin which migrates to blood stream

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7
Q

African trypanosomiasis presentation

A

Chancre
LAD
Neurologic manifestations - irritable, personality, daytime somnolence, insomnia

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8
Q

African tryp treatment

A

Suramin DOC for early
Pentamidine
Eflornithine - both hemolymph and CNS dz

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9
Q

Where is onchocerciasis endemic?

A

Sub-saharan Africa (part) and parts of South America

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10
Q

Onchocerciasis presentation?

A

Subq nodules located on top of bony prominences
Intermittent severe itching
Thickening of the skin
Conjunctivitis, glaucoma, and blindness

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11
Q

Onchocerciasis treatment

A

ivermectin

nodulectomy

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12
Q

What is the Mazzotti reaction?

A

Potentially severe reaction to DEC treatment for onchocerciasis. So common that it is diagnostic for onchocerciasis (skin patch test).

Help diff from syphillis?

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13
Q

What is tungiasis?

A

Burrowing flea infestation of skin that causes nodules and erythema

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14
Q

Tungiasis treatment

A 
Early: remove flea with needle
Late: curettage, excision
Topical creams
Niridazole
Tetanus prophylaxis
Prevention: shoes, don't sit on beach
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15
Q

Cutaneous myiasis what is it?

A

Botfly deposits Dermatobia hominis larvae in skin which inhabits wound causing dermis to boil

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16
Q

What is the best treatment for cutaneous myiasis?

A

BACON

Do not remove forcibly!

17
Q

Botfly localized to

A

Belize etc

18
Q

Cimicids are also known as

A

bed bugs

19
Q

What is the characteristic bedbug bite pattern?

A

Breakfast, lunch, dinner linear 3

20
Q

Bedbugs can spread/worsen these diseases

A

Hep B and Chagas (vector)

Asthma (feces)

21
Q

Pediculosis capitis aka

A

head lice

22
Q

pediculosis corporis

A

body lice

23
Q

phthiriasis pubic

A

pubic lice

24
Q

Lice facts

A

Live 2 days off of host
Live 1 month
Direct contact spread
Treat 1% permethrin 10 min

25
Q

Body lice are vectors for:

A 
Typhus (rickettsia prowazekii)
Trench fever (Bartonella)
Relapsing fever (Borrelia)
26
Q

Maculae cerulae may be caused by:

A

body and pubic lice

27
Q

Do scabies act as vectors?

A

No

28
Q

Scabies is caused by

A

Sarcoptes Scabiei

29
Q

Where are scabies most commonly found on the body in adults?

A

Interwebs
Wrist flexor surfaces
Elbows
Penis, scrotum, umbilicus

30
Q

Where are scabies most commonly found on the body in infants?

A

Head and face

31
Q

Scabies dx

A

Skin scrape showing either mites, feces, or eggs

32
Q

Scabies treatment

A

Permethrin 5% to all skin 2x wk apart or sulfur 5-10% in petrolatum 3 nights

33
Q

How long is the dormant period of a scabies infection?

A

1 month plus because you have to mount an immune response to it

34
Q

Brown recluse pathogenesis

A

Sphingomyelinase D is the major toxin
Interacts with serum amyloid
Also hyaluronidase allows eschar to follow gravity

35
Q

Brown recluse bite tx

A

None really, maybe prednisone

Ice

36
Q

Hobo spider biet S/S

A

Headache, nausea, fatigue
Possibly necrosis and amputation
Hemolysis and thrombocytopenia possible

37
Q

Black widow bite pres

A

Initial: erythema, sweating

Worst: abdominal pain
Muscle spasms/paralysis
HA
Nausea
Hypertension
38
Q

Black widow bite treatment

A

IV Ca gluconate
Analgesics
Antivenin if severe

39
Q

Black widow pathogenesis

A

depletion of acetylcholine at motor nerve endings and release of catecholamines at adrenergic endings

OS Derm (20 decks)

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