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Gastro > Pathology of the Stomach > Flashcards

Pathology of the Stomach Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 main types of inflammatory disorders of the stomach

A

Acute Gastritis and Chronic Gastritis

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2
Q

What are the 3 main types of chronic gastritis

A

Autoimmune (rare)
Bacterial (H pylori)
Chemical

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3
Q

What is autoimmune chronic gastritis caused by

A

Anti-parietal and anti-intrinsic factor antibodies are present = B12 deficiency

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4
Q

What can happen to the spinal cord in autoimmune chronic gastritis

A

Demyelination of the spinal cord

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5
Q

What is autoimmune chronic gastritis

A

A pre-malignant condition

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6
Q

What is the most common type of chronic gastritis and what happens with it?

A

H. Pylori - pathogenetic

Causes damage to the epithelium and other aspects of the wall

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7
Q

What does H pylori increase the risk for

A

Duodenal ulcer
Gastric ulcer
Gastric carcinoma
Gastric lymphoma

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8
Q

What is the cause of chemical gastritis

A

Due to NSAIDs, alcohol, bile reflux

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9
Q

What might chemical gastritis produce

A

Erosions or ulcers

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10
Q

What is a peptic ulceration

A

Peptic ulceration is a breach in the GI mucosa as a result of acid and pepsin attack

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11
Q

How can you heal an ulcer

A

Switch off the acid production in the stomach

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12
Q

Where can chronic peptic ulcers be found?

A

Duodenum (very common)
Stomach
Oesophago-gastric junction
Stomal ulcers (very rare)

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13
Q

What are important in terms of chronic peptic ulcers

A

Increased acid production and failure of mucosal defence

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14
Q

Describe the appearance of peptic ulcers

A

Layered
Floor of necrotic fibinopurulent debris
Base of inflamed Granulation tissue
Deepest layer is fibrotic scar tissue

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15
Q

What are 5 complications of peptic ulcers

A 
Perforation
Penetration
Haemorrhage 
Stenosis
Intractable pain
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16
Q

What are the 2 types of gastric tumours

A

Benign (polyps) and malignant (tumours)

17
Q

What are the 2 branches of malignant gastric tumours

A

Carcinoma and Lymphoma

18
Q

Describe the epidemiology of gastric adenocarcinomas

A

High incidence in Asia (genetic factors?)
Decline in the western world
Diet is thought to have a major effect

19
Q

What is the difference in prognosis between intestinal and diffuse

A

Better prognosis for intestinal

20
Q

Where can gastric adenocarcinoma spread

A

Local - other organs in the peritoneal cavity and ovaries
Lymph nodes - anywhere in the body
Haematogenous - to the liver through the portal vein

Gastro (67 decks)

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