Pathology of the Male GU II: Penis and Testes Flashcards
Hypospadias
Urethral opening on the ventral surface
Epispadias
Urethral opening on the dorsal surface
Phimosis
Prepuce cannot be retracted
Paraphimosis
Phimotic prepuce is forcibly retracted leading to pain and urinary retention
Reiter Syndrome
Combination of conjunctivitis, polyarthritis and genital infection often caused by Chlamydia trachomatis
Which HSV causes gingivostomatitis?
HSV-1
Which HSV causes genital herpes?
HSV-2
What are the histological signs of herpes infection?
Multinucleation - Margination - Molding
Condyloma Acuminatum
Genital wart caused by HPV-6 and 11
What are risk factors for SCC of the penis?
Poor hygiene and phimosis - accumulation of smegma, and history of genital warts.
Cryptorchidism
Undescended testis
What chromosome abnormality is cryptorchidism associated with?
Trisomy 13
Reiter Syndrome
Combination of conjunctivitis, polyarthritis and genital infection often caused by Chlamydia trachomatis
Seminoma
Localized to testis for long time and have little metastasis - very radiosensitive and have a good prognosis
What are risk factors for SCC of the penis?
Poor hygiene and phimosis - accumulation of smegma, and history of genital warts.
What will be seen on histology with cryptorchidism?
Testicular atrophy
Varicocele
Dilated veins in the spermatic cord with a “bag of worms” feeling
Testicular Torsion
Twisting of the cord with thick-walled arteries patent but the veins are blocked off leading to vascular engorgement and eventual infarction
What race are testicular tumors more common in?
Caucasians
Nonseminomatous GCTs
More aggressive than seminomas with hematogenous spread and are radio resistant but most can be cured with aggressive chemotherapy.
What is the risk for testicular cancer with cryptorchidism?
The higher the testis location, higher the risk of cancer - risk is greater in the right than the left
Is trauma a risk factor for testicular cancer?
NO
What is a chromosome found with invasive testicular tumors?
12i Chromosome
- Seen often associated with malignant germ cell tumors
- Intratubular proliferation of malignant germ cells
- Large atypical cells, abundant clear cytoplasm, central nucleus, prominent nucleoli “fried egg”
Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia