Pathology of the Male GU II: Penis and Testes

Question 1

Hypospadias

Answer 1

Urethral opening on the ventral surface

Question 2

Epispadias

Answer 2

Urethral opening on the dorsal surface

Question 3

Phimosis

Answer 3

Prepuce cannot be retracted

Question 4

Paraphimosis

Answer 4

Phimotic prepuce is forcibly retracted leading to pain and urinary retention

Question 5

Reiter Syndrome

Answer 5

Combination of conjunctivitis, polyarthritis and genital infection often caused by Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 6

Which HSV causes gingivostomatitis?

Answer 6

HSV-1

Question 7

Which HSV causes genital herpes?

Answer 7

HSV-2

Question 8

What are the histological signs of herpes infection?

Answer 8

Multinucleation - Margination - Molding

Question 9

Condyloma Acuminatum

Answer 9

Genital wart caused by HPV-6 and 11

Question 10

What are risk factors for SCC of the penis?

Answer 10

Poor hygiene and phimosis - accumulation of smegma, and history of genital warts.

Question 11

Cryptorchidism

Answer 11

Undescended testis

Question 12

What chromosome abnormality is cryptorchidism associated with?

Answer 12

Trisomy 13

Question 13

Reiter Syndrome

Answer 13

Combination of conjunctivitis, polyarthritis and genital infection often caused by Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 14

Seminoma

Answer 14

Localized to testis for long time and have little metastasis - very radiosensitive and have a good prognosis

Question 15

What are risk factors for SCC of the penis?

Answer 15

Poor hygiene and phimosis - accumulation of smegma, and history of genital warts.

Question 16

What will be seen on histology with cryptorchidism?

Answer 16

Testicular atrophy

Question 17

Varicocele

Answer 17

Dilated veins in the spermatic cord with a “bag of worms” feeling

Question 18

Testicular Torsion

Answer 18

Twisting of the cord with thick-walled arteries patent but the veins are blocked off leading to vascular engorgement and eventual infarction

Question 19

What race are testicular tumors more common in?

Answer 19

Caucasians

Question 20

Nonseminomatous GCTs

Answer 20

More aggressive than seminomas with hematogenous spread and are radio resistant but most can be cured with aggressive chemotherapy.

Question 21

What is the risk for testicular cancer with cryptorchidism?

Answer 21

The higher the testis location, higher the risk of cancer - risk is greater in the right than the left

Question 22

Is trauma a risk factor for testicular cancer?

Answer 22

NO

Question 23

What is a chromosome found with invasive testicular tumors?

Answer 23

12i Chromosome

Question 24

• Seen often associated with malignant germ cell tumors
• Intratubular proliferation of malignant germ cells
• Large atypical cells, abundant clear cytoplasm, central nucleus, prominent nucleoli “fried egg”

Answer 24

Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia

Question 25

What is the most common germ cell tumor in males?

Answer 25

Seminoma

Question 26

What can rarely be increased as a marker in seminomas?

Answer 26

beta-HCG

Question 27

Embryonal Carcinoma

Answer 27

Large anaplastic cells with prominent nucleoli with indistinct cell borders arranged in solid, glandular, tubular, papillary patterns.

Question 28

Yolk Sac Tumor

Answer 28

Most common testicular tumor in infants up to 3 yrs - reticular network of cuboidal cells, papillary and solid patterns (Schiller-Duval or glomeruloid bodies) and hyaline-like globules

Question 29

Choriocarcinoma

Answer 29

Highly aggressive and invasive into the blood with beta-HCG as a marker

Question 30

Teratoma

Answer 30

Always malignant in males - Random admixture of tissue derived from ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm

Question 31

Leydig Cell Tumor

Answer 31

- Most common sex-cord stroll tumor in males - Usually unilateral - Well circumscribed - Crystalloids of Reinke

Question 32

Lymphoma of the Testicle

Answer 32

Usually secondary. The most common - large B-cell lymphoma and is most commonly seen in patients greater than 60 yrs

Question 33

Most common testicular tumor in adults?

Answer 33

Seminoma

Question 34

Most common bilateral primary testicular tumor?

Answer 34

Seminoma

Question 35

Most common bilateral testicular tumor?

Answer 35

Lymphoma

Question 36

Most common testicular cancer in infants and children?

Answer 36

Yolk Sac Tumor

Question 37

Most common nongerm cell tumor of the testis?

Answer 37

Leydig Cell Tumor

Question 38

Which are more common in the testis - mixed tumors or pure histologic types of tumors?

Answer 38

Mixed