Language

Question 1

Speech

Answer 1

Phonation and articulation that does not necessarily imply communication

Question 2

Language

Answer 2

Communication through the use of symbols

Question 3

What artery supplies most of the language centers of the brain?

Answer 3

MCA

Question 4

Aphasia

Answer 4

Abnormal language expression due to a disorder affect previously acquired language ability

Question 5

Fluency

Answer 5

Ease and quantity of speech without regard for its contents or meaning

Question 6

Paraphasia

Answer 6

Abnormal word or syllable substitution - ranges from letters (“boor” instead or door) to words (green instead of blue) or to neologisms.

Question 7

Broca’s Aphasia

Answer 7

Posterior Inferior Frontal Lobe Lesion in Dominant Hemisphere

• Fluency is impaired leading to words being slowly spoken with comprehension preserved and imperfect repetition

Question 8

What other symptoms may Broca’s aphasia be seen with?

Answer 8

Right hemiparesis as the primary motor cortex is just posterior to Broca’s area.

Question 9

Wernicke’s Aphasia

Answer 9

Posterior Superior Temporal Lobe Lesion in Dominant Hemisphere

• Fluency is preserved but comprehension is impaired with imperfect repetition

Question 10

Conduction Aphasia

Answer 10

Lesion of Arcuate Fasciculus

• Loss of connection between Wernicke’s and Broca’s area and more closely resembles a mild Wernicke’s

Question 11

Global Aphasia

Answer 11

Large Lesion of Perisylvian Language Region

• Patient is unable to speak or communicate and follows no commands or gestures and has severe hemiplegia

Question 12

Alexia

Answer 12

Disconnect of visual center from the language center leading to the impairment of reading

Question 13

Agraphia

Answer 13

Lesion disconnects motor cortex from dominant hand language centers leading to difficulty with writing

Question 14

Prosody

Answer 14

Semantic and emotional meaning of language conveyed via pitch

Question 15

Aprosodia

Answer 15

Nondominant lesions of the reciprocal language centers leading to the impairment of understanding and use of prosody

Question 16

Lesion in Non-Dominant Posterior Superior Temporal Lobe

Answer 16

Sensory aprosodia where patient has trouble understanding and mimicking prosody but they will have normal prosody when speaking.

Question 17

Lesion in Non-Dominant Posterior Inferior Frontal Lobe

Answer 17

Motor aprosodia where patient cannot use prosody in normal speech and cannot mimic it but can understand the prosody when hearing it used by others.