Enteroviruses Flashcards
What disease does coxsackie virus cause?
Hand, foot and mouth disease
How is coxsackie virus spread?
Fecal-oral
What does D68 virus cause?
Respiratory Infection
What is pleconaril used to treat?
D68
Pleconaril MOA
It incorporates into virus particles, changes the shape of the particle, altered particle can not bind receptor and infect a new cell
What is transmitted via raw oysters?
Hepatitis A
What is the ROT of HepA?
Fecal-oral
What is the best for diagnosis of acute HepA infection?
IgM levels
What is unique about the HepA vaccine?
The vaccine is effective even after HepA exposure due to the latency of the virus
What is the HepA vaccine made from?
Killed virus
What does rotavirus cause?
Diarrhea often in young children
Where is the infection of rotavirus found?
Infection primarily restricted to villus epithelium of the small intestine
What is the pathogenesis of rotavirus diarrhea?
Rotavirus encodes a viral enterotoxin. The viral enterotoxin (NSP4) causes the diarrhea.
RotaTeq Vaccine
Live-attenuated, pentavalent vaccine for rotavirus
RotaRix Vaccine
Live-attenuated rotavirus vaccine based on the predominant G1 genogroup of rotaviruses
Reassortment occurs in which of these viruses:
A) Polioviruses and enteroviruses B) Rotavirus and influenza virus C) Yellow fever virus and Dengue virus D) Ebola virus and Marburg virus E) SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus
B) Rotavirus and influenza virus
• Resistant to environmental pressures:
drying, detergents, acids and temperature
• Transmitted by fecal-oral route
• Causes outbreaks of gastroenteritis
• Disease resolves after 48 hours - generally without serious consequences in healthy adults
Norovirus - cause of cruise ship diarrhea
Are there any treatments for rotavirus or norovirus?
No
Why is it important to determine if babies hospitalized for diarrhea are infected with rotavirus?
Children hospitalized with rotavirus infection should be isolated due to high incidence of nosocomial transmission.
Major characteristics of the enterovirus group of viruses include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Fecal-oral route of transmission.
B. Acid stable virion.
C. Proteolytic processing of the viral polyprotein to yield capsid and nonstructural proteins.
D. Primary viremia leading to spread of the virus to target tissues.
E. Majority of infections result in frank cases of disease.
E. Majority of infections result in frank cases of disease.
