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Systems > pathology of the integumentary system > Flashcards

pathology of the integumentary system Flashcards

1
Q

the interface between the body’s external and internal environment

A

skin

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2
Q

traumatic or pathologic loss of normal tissue continuity, structure or function

A

lesion

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3
Q

lesion: small flat circumscribed lesion of a different colour than the normal skin

A

macule

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4
Q

lesion: small, firm, elevated lesion

A

papule

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5
Q

lesion: elevated lesion larger than a papule

A

nodule

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6
Q

lesion: elevated, erythematous lesion that usually contains contains purulent exudate (pus)

A

pustule

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7
Q

lesion: elevated, thin walled lesion containing clear fluid

A

vesicle

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8
Q

lesion: large, slightly elevated lesion with a flat surface. often topped by scale

A

plaque

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9
Q

lesion: dry, rough surface, or dried exudates, or blood

A

crust

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10
Q

lesion: thick, dry, rough skin surface

A

lichenification

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11
Q

lesion: raised, irregular mass of collagen resulting from excessive scar formation

A

keloid

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12
Q

lesion: small, deep crack or tear in the skin

A

fissure

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13
Q

lesion: cavity with loss of tissue from the epidermis and dermis, often weeping or bleeding

A

ulcer

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14
Q

lesion: shallow moist cavity in the epidermis

A

erosion

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15
Q

temporary eruptions of the skin

A

rash

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16
Q

associated with childhood diseases, heat, irritation, allergies, or drug induced reactions

A

rash

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17
Q

white rash

A

blanched

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18
Q

red rash

A

erythematous

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19
Q

rash containing blood

A

hemorrhagic/purpuric

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20
Q

coloured rash

A

pigmented

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21
Q

a vesicle of fluid filled papule (bulla)

A

blister

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22
Q

a degeneration of epidermal cells, and disruptions of intercellular junctions. this causes layers of skin to separate and fluid to accumulate

A

blister

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23
Q

hyperkeratotic plaque of skin due to chronic pressure or friction, leading to increased cohesion between the cells

A

callous

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24
Q

small, well circumscribed, conical, keratinous thickening of the skin

A

corns

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25
Q

term for general itching, originating in free nerve endings in the skin (nociceptors)

A

puritis

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26
Q

dry skin caused by dehydration of the stratum corneum

A

xerosis

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27
Q

skin condition that may be the primary sign of a skin disorder or an underlying systemic disease

A

xerosis

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28
Q

skin disorders involving melanocytes

A

pigmentary skin disorders

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29
Q

white patches that suddenly appear on the skin

A

vitiligo

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30
Q

pigmentary skin disorder due to the absence, decrease, or dysfunction of melanocytes

A

vitiligo

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31
Q

pigmentary skin disorder: genetic disorder with complete or partial congenital absence of pigment in the skin

A

albinism

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32
Q

the most common form of albinism

A

recessively inherited oculocutaneous albinism

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33
Q

pigmentary skin disorder: characterised by darkened macules on the face

A

chloasma (melasma)

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34
Q

superficial fungal infection of the skin: fungus invades dead keratinized tissue

A

tinea (ringworm)

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35
Q

term for ringworm on the body

A

tinea corporis

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36
Q

term for ringworm on the face

A

tinea faciale

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37
Q

term for ringworm on the head

A

tinea capitis

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38
Q

term for ringworm on the hands

A

tinea manus

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39
Q

term for ringworm on the feet

A

tinea pedis

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40
Q

term for ringworm on the nails

A

tinea unguium

41
Q

term for ringworm on the genitals

A

tinea cruris

42
Q

type of bacterial infection: generally superficial

A

primary

43
Q

type of bacterial infection: occur in a pre-existing lesion, and may be deeper

A

secondary

44
Q

a bacterial infection of a hair follicle which spreads to the surrounding dermis

A

furuncles

45
Q

bacterial infection that begins as a firm, red, painful nodule. develops into a large painful mass

A

furuncle

46
Q

a collection of furuncles

A

carbuncles

47
Q

a common, superficial infection caused by staph or group A hemolytic strep

A

impetigo

48
Q

bacterial infection easily contracted in warm, moist climates. initially appaers as a small vesicle or pustule, or as a large bulla

A

impetigo

49
Q

an ulcerative form of impetigo, caused by staph/strep

A

ecthyma

50
Q

deep infection affecting the dermis and subcutaneous tissue.

A

cellulitis

51
Q

viral infection. common benign papillomae caused by HPV

A

verrucae

52
Q

dermatitis caused by chemicals or environmental substances that come in contact with skin, or by rubbing

A

irritant contact dermatitis

53
Q

a cell mediated type IV hypersensitivity due to sensitization to an allergen

A

allergic contact dermatitis

54
Q

a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction, often seen in those with a family history of asthma, hayfever, and atopic dermatitis

A

atopic dermatitis/eczema

55
Q

dermatitis characterized by edematous plaques with intense itching

A

urticaria

56
Q

localized or systemic eruptions of the skin. topical drugs are responsible

A

drug induced skin eruptions

57
Q

a group of skin disorders characterized by scaling papules and plaques; includes psoriasis and lichen planus

A

papulosquamous dermatoses

58
Q

a relatively common chronic, pruritic disease, causing inflammation and papular eruptions of the skin and mucous membrane

A

lichen planus

59
Q

papulosquamous dermatitis, happens as a result of an abnormal immune response linked to Hep C infection

A

lichen planus

60
Q

chronic inflammatory skin disorder caused by abnormal activation of T-cells

A

psoriasis

61
Q

a disorder of the pilosebaceous unit. excess sebum production can plug up the pores of the units

A

acne

62
Q

non-inflammatory lesions

A

comedomes

63
Q

plugs of material that accumulate in oil glands

A

blackheads

64
Q

pale, slightly elevated papules with no visible orifice

A

whiteheads

65
Q

inflammatory lesions with raised areas less than 5mm in diameter

A

papules

66
Q

inflammatory lesions with a central core of purulent exudate

A

pustules

67
Q

inflammatory lesions more than 5mm in diameter, may be hemorrhagic

A

nodules

68
Q

suppurative notules

A

cysts

69
Q

type of acne. most common among adolescents and young adults

A

acne vulgaris

70
Q

type acne. occurs later in life, chronic

A

acne congoblata

71
Q

chronic inflammatory process that occurs in adults 40 and up, it is often confused with acne, and may occur at any time

A

rosacea

72
Q

arthropod infestation caused by mites, which burrow into the epidermis

A

scabies

73
Q

small insects that live off the blood of animals. lice are host specific, and host dependent

A

pediculosis

74
Q

type of UV rays, very short and do not pass through the atmosphere

A

UVC

75
Q

type of UV rays, responsible for nearly all of the skin effects of sunlight

A

UVB

76
Q

type of UV rays, more commonly referred to as “sun tanning rays”

A

UVA

77
Q

effects of ultraviolet radiation

A

direct skin cell damage, accelerates the effects of aging, produces changes that can lead to cancer

78
Q

CHESS acronym for sun protection

A

Clothing, Hats, Eyeglasses, Sunscreens, Shade

79
Q

an erythematous, inflammatory reaction of the skin to excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation

A

sunburn

80
Q

the most common type of cancer

A

skin cancer

81
Q

common, benign tumours of the skin

A

Nevi (moles)

82
Q

a proliferation of melanocytes, grow in clusters along the dermal/epidermal junction

A

nevi (moles)

83
Q

a form of mole that has the capacity to transform into malignant melanoma

A

dysplasic nevus

84
Q

the ABCDE acronym to determin a dysplasic nevus

A

Asymmetry, Border, Colour, Diameter, Evolution

85
Q

rapidly progression malignant tumour of melanocytes

A

malignant melanoma

86
Q

the second most common malignant tumour of the outer dermis

A

squamous cell carcinoma

87
Q

neoplasm of the non-keratinizing cells of the basal layer of the epidermis

A

basal cell carcinoma

88
Q

the most common skin cancer of light skinned people

A

basal cell carcinoma

89
Q

small red lesions that are noticed shortly after birth

A

hemangiomas of infancy

90
Q

a vascular birth mark

A

port-wine stains

91
Q

pink or red patches usually seen on the face, but can occur anywhere

A

port-wine stains

92
Q

when do hemaginomas of infancy disappear

A

by age 7

93
Q

thinning of epidermis and dermis, diminution of subcutaneous tissue, decrease in melanocytes, decrease/thickening of blood vessels, decrease of resistance to trauma, and longer repair times are all skin manifestations/disorders of what

A

aging

94
Q

benign, soft papules. size varies from pinhead to pea, colour may be natural skin tone, or more brown

A

skin tags

95
Q

horny growth of keratinocytes, may be benign or a pre-cancerous lesion

A

keratosis

96
Q

a well bordered, brown to black macule, usually less than 1cm in diameter

A

lentigines (liver spots)

97
Q

smooth, cherry red or purple papule, usually found on the trunk

A

angiomas

98
Q

single dilated blood vessels, capillaries, or terminal arteries

A

telangiectases

99
Q

small, dark blue, slightly raised papules that have a lake-like appearance. smooth and compressible

A

venous lakes

Systems (13 decks)

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