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Systems > blood vessel conditions 2 > Flashcards

blood vessel conditions 2 Flashcards

1
Q

the thickening and stiffening of arteries

A

arteriosclerosis

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2
Q

the dominant form of arteriorsclerosis

A

athroslcerosis

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3
Q

the characteristic lesion of atherosclerosis

A

atheroma

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4
Q

lesion consisting of a soft central area of lipid products and metabolic debris covered by a connective tissue cap

A

atheroma

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5
Q

the most popular theory as to the development of atheromas

A

artery wall microinjury

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6
Q

two major disorders caused by the narrowing/blockage of coronary arteries

A

angina pectoris and myocardial infarction

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7
Q

symptoms of coronary artery disease do not usually appear until what amount of lumen narrowing

A

75%

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8
Q

intermittent ischemic attacks of cardiac muscle causing pain in the heart distribution pattern

A

myocardial ischemia

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9
Q

intermittent ischemic attacks of skeletal muscle causing pain in the legs

A

lower extremity ischemia

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10
Q

intermittent ischemic attacks of brain tissue

A

transient ischemic attack

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11
Q

acute pain, pressure, or discomfort in the chest from the imbalance between cardiac workload and oxygen supply to myocardial tissue

A

angina pectoris

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12
Q

type of angina: occurs at a predictable level of exertion and responds promptly to rest and nitroglycerin

A

chronic stable angina

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13
Q

type of angina: occurs at rest in the supine position and often at the same time every day

A

resting angina

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14
Q

type of angina: abrupt change in intensity and frequency of symptoms or decreased threshold of symptoms

A

unstable/progressive angina

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15
Q

type of angina: may awaken a person from sleep

A

nocturnal angina

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16
Q

type of angina: unusual symptoms

A

atypical angina

17
Q

type of angina: symptoms similar to typical but is caused by abnormal or involuntary coronary artery spasm

A

prinzmetal/variant angina

18
Q

a bulge of a weak spot on the artery wall

A

aneurysm

19
Q

what is the most common artery for aneurysm

A

aorta

20
Q

type of aneurysm: the most common, bulging or ballooning out on all sides of the blood vessel

A

fusiform

21
Q

type of aneurysm: appears as a round outpuching on one side of the vessel, most common cerebral aneurysm

A

saccular/berry

22
Q

type of aneurysm: almost always occurs in the aorta, blood penetrates the vessel walls, causing the lumen to collapse. pressurized blood slices into the aortic wall and filling the vessel with blood

A

dissecting

23
Q

most common site for cerebral aneurysm

A

anterior communicating artery

24
Q

type of stroke: a clot blocks blood flow to an area of the brain

A

ischemic stroke

25
Q

type of stroke: bleeding occurs inside or around brain tissue

A

hemorrhagic stroke

26
Q

a sudden and focal stroke, usually unilateral. no evidence of residual brain damage, usually a warning sign

A

transient ischemic attack

27
Q

the blocking of a deep vein by the formation of a thrombus, most commonly in the lower limb

A

deep vein thombosis

28
Q

a test that can indicate deep vein thrombosis in the calf

A

homan’s sign

29
Q

what is a positive homan’s sign test

A

severe pain in the calf during dorsiflexion and on squeezing the calf

30
Q

ischemic lesions of the skin and underlying structures due to external pressures that impairs blood and lymph flow

A

pressure ulcers

31
Q

stage of pressure ulcer development: intact skin with areas of persistent redness/blue/purple hues

A

stage 1

32
Q

stage of pressure ulcer development: partial thickness loss of skin, ulcer is superficial, appears as a blister, abrasion, or shallow crater

A

stage 2

33
Q

stage of pressure ulcer development: full thickness loss with damage and necrosis of underlying subcutaneous tissue that may extend to the underlying fascia

A

stage 3

34
Q

stage of pressure ulcer development: full thickness loss with extensive damage. necrosis of underlying subcutaneous tissue

A

stage 4

Systems (13 decks)

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