Pathology of SI Flashcards
Duodenal Atresia
Complete occlusion/end of lumen of the Duodenum
Meckels Diverticulum
- Persistent vitelline/omphalomesenteric duct -> Ileal outpouching
- Rule of 2s: 2% hav them; 2 fet from Ileocecal valve; Symptomatic before age 2
Meconium ileus
- Cystic fibrosis -> PAncratic insufficiency -> accumulation of meconium; MAinly in newborns
- S/S: Dark green stool. perforation, perotinitis, volvulus, aspiration, fetal distress
SI Bacterial Toxigenic organisms
- V. Cholera
- Enterotoxigenic E. Coli (ETEC)
- Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli (EHEC)
- Enteroaggregative E. Coli (EAEC)
- Enteroinvasive E. Coli
- Salmonella
- Shigella
- Yersinia
- Campylobacter
SI Viral Pathogens
- Norwalk: Upper SDI w/ patchy mucosal lesions + Malabsorption
- Rotavirus: Severe Watery diarrhea in young children
Thrombotic Microangiopathic H.U.S.
- Shiga Toxin or Shiga-like Toxin
- S/S: Bloody diarrhea, Uremia
- Microthrombotic obliteration of glomerulus
Atypical HUS
- congenitalDefects in Complement factor H, CD46, or Factor I
- remitting-relapsing course
Types of Mechanical obstruction of the bowel
- Herniation
- Adhesion (#1 cause)
- Volvulus (twisting)
- intrussusception: Bowel protrudes distally
Most common intestinal infarct
Superior mesenteric artery -> SI ischemia
Angor Abdominalis
Pain after eating; sign of bowel ischemia due to atherosclerosis
Most common Mesenteric Vein thrombosis
Superior mesenteric
Causes of Nonocclusive intestinal ischemia
Hypoxic shock, hemorrhage, MI, + Pseudomonas
Celiac Pathogenesis
- Antigliadin Abs; anti-tTG Abs (ATA)
Celiac Morph
- Blunting/loss of Villi
- Lymphocytic infiltration of crypts + lamina propria
Whipple Disease Presentation
- White men 30-40 YO
- S/S: arthralgia, diahrrea, weight loss, abdominal pain
Whipple Pathology
- Multivesicular chronic infectious disease
- Actinomycete Tropheryma Whippelii
- Defective TLCs + M0 leading to DEC abilty to degrade intracellular microorganisms
Whipple Morph
- Infiltration of numerous foamy M0 in SI
- epithelial lipid droplets in cytoplasm
GIST
- Mesenchymal Tumor of GI
- Interstitial Cels of Cajal
- Median size 5 cm
- intramural mass covered by intact mucosa
Peutz-Jaegers Syndrome
- AD hereditary disorder
- 3% become malignant
- S/S: Freckling of mucosal surface; hamartomatous polyps
Carcinoid syndrome presentation
- cutaneous flushing, cyanosis
- cough, wheezing, dyspnea
- Diarrhea, cramps, N/V
- Pulmonic or Tricuspid stenosis; endocardial fibrosis
- This is a 37-year-old male patient with metastatic tumor to the small bowel.Patient work as a lifeguard instructor in California.
- Special stains HMB45 +, MART 1 +
Melanoma
