Pathology of breast disease

Question 1

What is fibroadenoma?

Answer 1

Circumscribed mobile nodule in reproductive age - benign

Question 2

What is tubular adenoma?

Answer 2

Less common than fibroadenoma, most common in young women, discrete, freely movable masses

Question 3

What are risk factors for breast cancer?

Answer 3

Gender
Age 
Menstrual history
Age at first pregnancy
Radiation
Family history
Personal history
Hormonal treatment
Genetic factors
Obesity, alcohol, etc

Question 4

What are the 2 most common genes contributing to hereditary breast cancer?

Answer 4

BRCA 1

BRCA 2

Question 5

What are histological classifications of breast cancer?

Answer 5

Tubular carcinoma
Mucinous carcinoma
Carcinoma with medullary features
Metaplastic carcinoma

Question 6

What are diagnostic procedures for breast cancer?

Answer 6

Clinical examination
Radiology
FNA
Needle core biopsy
Wide local excision

Question 7

What is done to screen for breast cancer?

Answer 7

Mammogram every 3 years in 50-70 year olds

Question 8

How can breast cancer spread?

Answer 8

Locally
Lymphatically
Blood

Question 9

Where can breast cancer spread locally?

Answer 9

Skin

Pectoral muscles

Question 10

Where can breast cancer spread lymphatically?

Answer 10

Axillary nodes

Internal mammary nodes

Question 11

Where can breast cancer spread through the blood?

Answer 11

Bone
Lungs
Liver
Brain

Question 12

What can be done to treat breast cancer?

Answer 12

Surgery - mastectomy or breast conserving surgery
Radiotherapy
Antihormonal therapy
Chemotherapy