Basic Physiology Flashcards
Through what process are gametes produced?
Meiosis
What is produced by the ovary?
Female androgens
Egg cells
When are egg cells developed?
In utero
Where do eggs develop within the ovary?
Within follicles
What is a dominant follicle?
The follicle that will next release an egg
What leads to egg cells being ovulated?
A surge of Lutinising hormone
What happens to the follicle that releases the egg cell?
It becomes the corpus luteum
What is the function of the corpus luteum?
It produces hormones for the development of the embryo if the egg is fertilised
What causes the surge in luteinising hormone?
Oestrogen produced by follicles
What causes repair of the endometrium after it breaks down to start the cycle?
Oestrogen
What triggers the secretory phase of the uterine cycle?
Progesterone
What happens during the secretory phase of the uterine cycle?
The endometrium is prepared for implantation of the egg
What does Gonadotrophin releasing hormone do for the female reproductive system?
Stimulates secretion of luteinising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary
What is the function of follicle stimulating hormone in the female reproductive system?
Stimulates follicular development and recruitment in the ovaries
What triggers the menopause?
When there are too few immature follicles to support monthly ovulation
Do women produce egg cells all through their lives?
No, all gametes are produced in utero and no more are ever produced
What percentage of seminal fluid is produced by the seminal vesicle?
60%
What percentage of seminal fluid is produced by the prostate gland?
30%
What percentage of seminal fluid is produced by the bulbourethral gland?
5%
What effect does testosterone have on the brain?
Libido
Mood
What effect does testosterone have on the skin?
Body hair growth
Balding
Sebum production
What effect does testosterone have on muscle?
Increase in strength and volume
What are systemic effects of oestrogen?
Protein metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism Lipid metabolism Control of electrolyte and water balance Blood clotting
