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Chapter 9 Joints > Pathologies to know for Exam > Flashcards

Pathologies to know for Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is Adhesive Captious?

A

This is also referred to as Frozen shoulder?

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2
Q

What is the condition Adhesive cap/Frozen shoulder?

A

This is an Idiopathic condition affecting the shoulder & it has 3 stages.

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3
Q

What are the 3 stages of Frozen Shoulder named?

A

Acute: Freezing stage
Sub-Acute/Late: Frozen Stage
Chronic: Thawing Stage

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4
Q

What movement is most affected by Frozen shoulder?

A

The client will have a hard time performing abduction & External Rotation most frequently.

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5
Q

What happens in the Acute stage of Frozen Shoulder?

A

In the Acute stage the joint capsule becomes painfully contracted.

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6
Q

What happens in the Sub-acute stage of Frozen Shoulder?

A

In the Sub-Acute stage of Frozen Shoulder capsular fibrosis occurs.

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7
Q

What occurs in the Chronic Stage of Frozen Shoulder?

A

In the Chronic stage of Frozen Shoulder the ROM gradually returns.

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8
Q

What are the causes for frozen shoulder?

A

This can include:

Disuse, Extrinsic Disorders, postural dysfunction…

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9
Q

What is the difference between Primary and secondary frozen shoulder?

A

Primary: is idiopathic

Secondary: Occurs from known conditions

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10
Q

What is the difference between Primary and secondary frozen shoulder?

A

Primary: Idiopathic

Secondary: This form of frozen shoulder is a result of things such as Pathologies like Rotator Cuff tears, or impingement syndrome.

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11
Q

What type of things would you be able to Palpate on a client that had the Frozen shoulder condition?

A

This would include things such as:

Hypertonic muscle tissue in the affected area involving mostly the upper Trap, Lavator scap & Shoulder girdle muscles.

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12
Q

What type of things would you be able to Palpate on a client that had the Frozen shoulder condition?

A

This would include things such as:

Hypertonic muscle tissue in the affected area involving mostly the upper Trap, Lavator scap & Shoulder girdle muscles.

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13
Q

What are special test that would be suitable for a client with Frozen Shoulder?

A

This includes:

Apely’s Scratch test & Frozen shoulder passive relaxed abduction test.

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14
Q

What are special test that would be suitable for a client with Frozen Shoulder?

A

This includes:

Apely’s Scratch test & Frozen shoulder passive relaxed abduction test.

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15
Q

What are the CI’s for clients with Frozen shoulder?

A

Agressive stretches and joint play greater than 1-3 are CI’d in the Acute stage.

Frictions are CI’d with Anti-inflammatory Medication.

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16
Q

What is involved in General treatment on a client with Frozen Shoulder in the Acute Stage?

A

A general treatment for a client with Acute frozen shoulder includes:
Beginning on the unaffected side while doing a relaxation massage and getting the client to Deep breath.
The trunk and unaffected shoulder are treated using slow gentle rhythmic techniques.

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17
Q

What is involved in General treatment on a client with Frozen Shoulder in the Sub-Acute stage?

A

The work to the clients trunk and unaffected shoulder is the same as in the acute stage, Slow rhythmic work.

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18
Q

What is involved in General treatment on a client with Frozen Shoulder in the Chronic Stage?

A

Joint play is used to increase the ROM.

passive stretching.

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19
Q

What types of things is given to a client for Home Care with Frozen Shoulder in the Acute stage?

A

Educate the client regarding activities, maintain strength, refer the client.

20
Q

What types of things are given to a client for Home Care with Frozen Shoulder in the Sub-acute stage?

A

Educate the client regarding activities, increase strength.

21
Q

What types of things is given to a client for Home Care with Frozen Shoulder in the Chronic Stage?

A

Client can continue the self care suggestions as before, gradually increasing ROM and strength.

22
Q

What is the condition Bursitis?

A

It is Inflammation of the Bursae.

23
Q

What is the condition Bursitis?

A

It is Inflammation of the Bursae.

24
Q

What are the 2 types of Bursal injuries?

A

Bakers Cyst & Bunion.

25
Q

What are the causes for Bursitis?

A

Overuse of structures surrounding the Bursae leading to excessive friction.
Muscle imbalance.
Sometimes acute trauma.

26
Q

What are the common locations on the body for Bursitis to occur?

A 
Knee
Olecranon
Shoulder
Greater Trochanter
Ischial
27
Q

What are the Symptoms of Bursitis?

A

Bursitis is secondary to overuse and is a Chronic condition with an Acute inflammatory stage.

28
Q

What are Ci’s for the Condition Bursitis?

A

This includes:
No compression or tissue dragging
No heat distal / on site
No pressure distally / on site
Do not increase circulation on site / distal
If client has infective bursitis then refer them out of the clinic.

29
Q

What are special test you can use on a client that has the condition Bursitis?

A 
You can use:
Bursitis differential test/Tendonitis 
Obers
Fabers 
Painful arc 
Neer impingement 
Muscle Girth 
Brush test
30
Q

What are things you can observe on a client with Acute Bursitis?

A

Swelling / Redness
Antalgic Gait / Posture If the lower limb is affected chronically.
Muscle imbalance

31
Q

What are things you can Palpate on a client with Acute Bursitis?

A

Heat
Intense pain on palpation
If the condition is chronic there may be Hypertonic muscle or spasms.
Bogginess

32
Q

What is a Dislocation?

A

A complete dislocation of the articular surfaces of a joint.

33
Q

What is a Subluxation?

A

Partial dislocation, articular surface still in partial contact.

34
Q

What are common causes for Dislocations / Subluxations?

A

Trauma - twisting / wrenching joint beyond normal ROM.

contributing factors: Pathologies, Congenital ligamentous laxity, Previous dislocations.

35
Q

What are common sites for Dislocation & Subluxations to occur?

A

GH joint (Anterior dislocation)
AC joint (Anterior Dislocation)
Elbow usually with a fracture
Patella (Lateral Dislocation)

36
Q

What are Symptoms for an Acute Dislocation?

A 
Rupture of the joint capsule
Snapping or popping 
Sickening intense pain 
Deformed appearance
Unstable joint 
Brusing  
Muscle Guarding
37
Q

What are Symptoms for a Sub-Acute Dislocation?

A 
Warmth 
Unstable joint 
Brusing / Yellowish 
Adhesions
Slow healing rate 
Muscle guarding
Decreased ROM
38
Q

What are Symptoms for a Chronic Dislocation?

A 
Local pain 
Brusing is gone or almost gone 
Hypertonic muscles 
Coolness 
Unstable Joint 
Possibly Chronic Edema
39
Q

What are things you would be able to observe in a client that has an Acute Dislocation?

A 
Antalgic posture if lower limb is affected 
Redness 
Brusing 
Swelling 
Joint Deformity 
Expression of pain
40
Q

What are things that you could Palpate on a Client with an Acute Dislocation?

A

Heat
Swelling
Pain on palpation
Protective muscle spasms

41
Q

What are CI’s for a Client with a Dislocation?

A 
Acute & Sub only: do AF ROM testing
Acute: Removing supporting (splints)
Acute: Distal work to injury 
Acute: Hot / Heavy hydro 
Strengthening if Acute or Unstable
42
Q

What are things that are suitable when treating a client with an Acute Dislocation?

A

Manule Lymph Drain
Passive relaxed mid range for proximal and distal joints
Golgi tendon if the working proximal
Treat Comp structures

43
Q

What are things that you can do for treatment on a client with a Chronic Dislocation?

A 
Heat 
Frictions 
Treat comp structures 
TP's 
Strengthening 
Joint play proximal (1-2 grades)
44
Q

What are things you can give a client for home care with an Acute Dislocations?

A

RICE

AF pain free ROM

45
Q

What are things you can give a client for Home Care that has a Sub-acute Dislocation?

A

Contrast hydro
AF pain free ROM
Gentle Strength
DMH (Deep moist heat)

Chapter 9 Joints (20 decks)

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