Pathologies to know for Exam Flashcards
What is Adhesive Captious?
This is also referred to as Frozen shoulder?
What is the condition Adhesive cap/Frozen shoulder?
This is an Idiopathic condition affecting the shoulder & it has 3 stages.
What are the 3 stages of Frozen Shoulder named?
Acute: Freezing stage
Sub-Acute/Late: Frozen Stage
Chronic: Thawing Stage
What movement is most affected by Frozen shoulder?
The client will have a hard time performing abduction & External Rotation most frequently.
What happens in the Acute stage of Frozen Shoulder?
In the Acute stage the joint capsule becomes painfully contracted.
What happens in the Sub-acute stage of Frozen Shoulder?
In the Sub-Acute stage of Frozen Shoulder capsular fibrosis occurs.
What occurs in the Chronic Stage of Frozen Shoulder?
In the Chronic stage of Frozen Shoulder the ROM gradually returns.
What are the causes for frozen shoulder?
This can include:
Disuse, Extrinsic Disorders, postural dysfunction…
What is the difference between Primary and secondary frozen shoulder?
Primary: is idiopathic
Secondary: Occurs from known conditions
What is the difference between Primary and secondary frozen shoulder?
Primary: Idiopathic
Secondary: This form of frozen shoulder is a result of things such as Pathologies like Rotator Cuff tears, or impingement syndrome.
What type of things would you be able to Palpate on a client that had the Frozen shoulder condition?
This would include things such as:
Hypertonic muscle tissue in the affected area involving mostly the upper Trap, Lavator scap & Shoulder girdle muscles.
What type of things would you be able to Palpate on a client that had the Frozen shoulder condition?
This would include things such as:
Hypertonic muscle tissue in the affected area involving mostly the upper Trap, Lavator scap & Shoulder girdle muscles.
What are special test that would be suitable for a client with Frozen Shoulder?
This includes:
Apely’s Scratch test & Frozen shoulder passive relaxed abduction test.
What are special test that would be suitable for a client with Frozen Shoulder?
This includes:
Apely’s Scratch test & Frozen shoulder passive relaxed abduction test.
What are the CI’s for clients with Frozen shoulder?
Agressive stretches and joint play greater than 1-3 are CI’d in the Acute stage.
Frictions are CI’d with Anti-inflammatory Medication.
What is involved in General treatment on a client with Frozen Shoulder in the Acute Stage?
A general treatment for a client with Acute frozen shoulder includes:
Beginning on the unaffected side while doing a relaxation massage and getting the client to Deep breath.
The trunk and unaffected shoulder are treated using slow gentle rhythmic techniques.
What is involved in General treatment on a client with Frozen Shoulder in the Sub-Acute stage?
The work to the clients trunk and unaffected shoulder is the same as in the acute stage, Slow rhythmic work.
What is involved in General treatment on a client with Frozen Shoulder in the Chronic Stage?
Joint play is used to increase the ROM.
passive stretching.
What types of things is given to a client for Home Care with Frozen Shoulder in the Acute stage?
Educate the client regarding activities, maintain strength, refer the client.
What types of things are given to a client for Home Care with Frozen Shoulder in the Sub-acute stage?
Educate the client regarding activities, increase strength.
What types of things is given to a client for Home Care with Frozen Shoulder in the Chronic Stage?
Client can continue the self care suggestions as before, gradually increasing ROM and strength.
What is the condition Bursitis?
It is Inflammation of the Bursae.
What is the condition Bursitis?
It is Inflammation of the Bursae.
What are the 2 types of Bursal injuries?
Bakers Cyst & Bunion.
What are the causes for Bursitis?
Overuse of structures surrounding the Bursae leading to excessive friction.
Muscle imbalance.
Sometimes acute trauma.
What are the common locations on the body for Bursitis to occur?
Knee Olecranon Shoulder Greater Trochanter Ischial
What are the Symptoms of Bursitis?
Bursitis is secondary to overuse and is a Chronic condition with an Acute inflammatory stage.
What are Ci’s for the Condition Bursitis?
This includes:
No compression or tissue dragging
No heat distal / on site
No pressure distally / on site
Do not increase circulation on site / distal
If client has infective bursitis then refer them out of the clinic.
What are special test you can use on a client that has the condition Bursitis?
You can use: Bursitis differential test/Tendonitis Obers Fabers Painful arc Neer impingement Muscle Girth Brush test
What are things you can observe on a client with Acute Bursitis?
Swelling / Redness
Antalgic Gait / Posture If the lower limb is affected chronically.
Muscle imbalance
What are things you can Palpate on a client with Acute Bursitis?
Heat
Intense pain on palpation
If the condition is chronic there may be Hypertonic muscle or spasms.
Bogginess
What is a Dislocation?
A complete dislocation of the articular surfaces of a joint.
What is a Subluxation?
Partial dislocation, articular surface still in partial contact.
What are common causes for Dislocations / Subluxations?
Trauma - twisting / wrenching joint beyond normal ROM.
contributing factors: Pathologies, Congenital ligamentous laxity, Previous dislocations.
What are common sites for Dislocation & Subluxations to occur?
GH joint (Anterior dislocation)
AC joint (Anterior Dislocation)
Elbow usually with a fracture
Patella (Lateral Dislocation)
What are Symptoms for an Acute Dislocation?
Rupture of the joint capsule Snapping or popping Sickening intense pain Deformed appearance Unstable joint Brusing Muscle Guarding
What are Symptoms for a Sub-Acute Dislocation?
Warmth Unstable joint Brusing / Yellowish Adhesions Slow healing rate Muscle guarding Decreased ROM
What are Symptoms for a Chronic Dislocation?
Local pain Brusing is gone or almost gone Hypertonic muscles Coolness Unstable Joint Possibly Chronic Edema
What are things you would be able to observe in a client that has an Acute Dislocation?
Antalgic posture if lower limb is affected Redness Brusing Swelling Joint Deformity Expression of pain
What are things that you could Palpate on a Client with an Acute Dislocation?
Heat
Swelling
Pain on palpation
Protective muscle spasms
What are CI’s for a Client with a Dislocation?
Acute & Sub only: do AF ROM testing Acute: Removing supporting (splints) Acute: Distal work to injury Acute: Hot / Heavy hydro Strengthening if Acute or Unstable
What are things that are suitable when treating a client with an Acute Dislocation?
Manule Lymph Drain
Passive relaxed mid range for proximal and distal joints
Golgi tendon if the working proximal
Treat Comp structures
What are things that you can do for treatment on a client with a Chronic Dislocation?
Heat Frictions Treat comp structures TP's Strengthening Joint play proximal (1-2 grades)
What are things you can give a client for home care with an Acute Dislocations?
RICE
AF pain free ROM
What are things you can give a client for Home Care that has a Sub-acute Dislocation?
Contrast hydro
AF pain free ROM
Gentle Strength
DMH (Deep moist heat)
