Cartilaginous Joints / Synovial Joints Flashcards
Why are Cartilaginous joints similar to Fibrous joint?
Because they both do not contain a synovial cavity and permit little to no movement.
Instead of being held together by dense irregular connective tissue Cartilaginous joints are held together by hyaline or Fibrocartilage.
What are the 3 types of Cartilaginous joints?
Synchondroses, Symphyses, Epiphyseal Cartilages.
What is the connecting material of the Synchondroses joint ?
In these joints it is Hyaline cartilage and they are slightly movable.
What are Symphyses joints?
These are joints where the ends of the articulating bones are covered in hyaline cartilage.
But a flat broad disc of Fibrocartilage connects the bones.
All Symphyses joints occur at the midline of the body.
Where do Synchondroses joints occur in the body?
An example of where these would occur is at the First rib and the Manubrium of the Sternum.
Where do Symphyses joints occur in the body?
These occur along the Midline of the Body for example the Pubic Symphysis.
What are Epiphyseal Cartilages?
These are actually not Joints associated with movement but is the Connecting portion of the Diaphysis and Epiphysis in bones.
Is Epiphyseal Cartilage Movable?
No this is an Immoveable joint and when bone growth in length stops it forms a bony joint. Fusing the bone.
What is a Synovial Joint?
It is a joint that contains a Synovial Cavity / Joint Cavity, They are freely movable (Diarthroses).
And the bones that are articulating together have a covering called articular cartilage.
What are all Synovial Joints classified as?
They are all freely moveable joints labeled as (Diarthroses).
What is the Unique charecteristic of the Synovial Joint?
It is that they contain a space between the articulating bones called a Synovial cavity/ Joint cavity.
What is the covering on the Articulating bones of a Synovial Joint?
Something called a Articular cartilage is present
What is the covering on the Articulating bones of a Synovial Joint?
Something called a Articular cartilage is present at the ends of the bones and reduces friction and shock on the joints and bone.
What is an Articular Capsule?
It Surrounds the Synovial joint, Encloses the Synovial cavity and Unites the Articulating bones.
What is another name for a Articular Capsule?
It is also referred to as a Joint Capsule.
What is the Articular Capsule Made up of?
It is made up of an outer “Fibrous membrane” and an Inner “Synovial membrane”.
What does the Outer Fibrous membrane consist of?
It usually consist of dense irregular connective tissue, That attaches to the Periosteum of the articulating bones.
What is a dislocation of a bone?
This is when the bone is displaced from a joint.
What is a ligament?
Some fibres of a fibrous membrane are arranged as a parallel bundles of dense irregular connective tissue that are adapted for resisting strains.
The strength of these fibre bundles is called ligaments.
What is the inner portion of the Articular Capsule “Synovial membrane” made of?
It is composed of “Areolar” connective tissue With elastic fibres.
At many Synovial joints there is accumulations of adipose tissue called “Articular Fat Pads”.
An example of this is the Inter-patellar fat pad.
What does it mean to be double jointed?
This means that the Articular Capsules and Ligaments have greater flexibility and results in greater ROM.
What happens when a Synovial Joint is immobile for a period of time?
The Synovial Fluid becomes viscous.
What happens to the Joints when you warm up before exercise?
There is more production in Synovial Fluid and in result there is less stress on the joints before exercise.
Besides an Articular capsule and Fluid what do most Synovial joints contain?
This includes:
Accessory Ligaments, Articular Discs, Labra.
Besides an Articular capsule and Fluid what do most Synovial joints contain?
This includes:
Accessory Ligaments, Articular Discs, Labra.
What are all the types of Accessory Ligaments?
They are Extra-capsular Ligaments and Intra-capsular Ligaments.
What are Extra-Capsular Ligaments?
These are Ligaments that lie outside the Articular capsule.
For example: Fibular and tibial ligaments of the knee.
What are Intra-capsular Ligaments?
These are Ligaments that occur within the Articular Capsule but are excluded from the Synovial cavity by the fold of the Synovial membrane.
What are Intra-capsular Ligaments?
These are Ligaments that occur within the Articular Capsule but are excluded from the Synovial cavity by the fold of the Synovial membrane.
For example: Anterior and posterior Cruciate of the ligaments of the knee.
What are Articular Disc / Menisci?
Inside Synovial joints Crescent shaped pads lie between the Articulating surfaces of bones attached to the Fibrous capsule.
The Disc binds strongly to the inside of the fibrous membrane and usually subdivide the synovial cavity into 2 spaces allowing for Separate movements to occur in each space.
What can happen to untreated Articular pads / Meniscus?
They most often occur in athletes and can develop into Arthritis.
What is a Labrum in the Synovial joints?
Most prominent in the ball and Socket joints of the shoulder and knee.
It’s a Fibrocartilaginous lip that extends from the edge of the joint socket.
It is used for increasing the surface area of contact that the ball like portion has.
What are the Functions of the Menisci / Articular Disc?
The 5 Functions:
1: Shock Absorption
2: helps fit the Articulating bones
3: Adaptive surface for combined movements
4: Weight Distribution
5: Distribution of Synovial fluid
