Cartilaginous Joints / Synovial Joints

Question 1

Why are Cartilaginous joints similar to Fibrous joint?

Answer 1

Because they both do not contain a synovial cavity and permit little to no movement.
Instead of being held together by dense irregular connective tissue Cartilaginous joints are held together by hyaline or Fibrocartilage.

Question 2

What are the 3 types of Cartilaginous joints?

Answer 2

Synchondroses, Symphyses, Epiphyseal Cartilages.

Question 3

What is the connecting material of the Synchondroses joint ?

Answer 3

In these joints it is Hyaline cartilage and they are slightly movable.

Question 4

What are Symphyses joints?

Answer 4

These are joints where the ends of the articulating bones are covered in hyaline cartilage.
But a flat broad disc of Fibrocartilage connects the bones.
All Symphyses joints occur at the midline of the body.

Question 5

Where do Synchondroses joints occur in the body?

Answer 5

An example of where these would occur is at the First rib and the Manubrium of the Sternum.

Question 6

Where do Symphyses joints occur in the body?

Answer 6

These occur along the Midline of the Body for example the Pubic Symphysis.

Question 7

What are Epiphyseal Cartilages?

Answer 7

These are actually not Joints associated with movement but is the Connecting portion of the Diaphysis and Epiphysis in bones.

Question 8

Is Epiphyseal Cartilage Movable?

Answer 8

No this is an Immoveable joint and when bone growth in length stops it forms a bony joint. Fusing the bone.

Question 9

What is a Synovial Joint?

Answer 9

It is a joint that contains a Synovial Cavity / Joint Cavity, They are freely movable (Diarthroses).
And the bones that are articulating together have a covering called articular cartilage.

Question 10

What are all Synovial Joints classified as?

Answer 10

They are all freely moveable joints labeled as (Diarthroses).

Question 11

What is the Unique charecteristic of the Synovial Joint?

Answer 11

It is that they contain a space between the articulating bones called a Synovial cavity/ Joint cavity.

Question 12

What is the covering on the Articulating bones of a Synovial Joint?

Answer 12

Something called a Articular cartilage is present

Question 13

What is the covering on the Articulating bones of a Synovial Joint?

Answer 13

Something called a Articular cartilage is present at the ends of the bones and reduces friction and shock on the joints and bone.

Question 14

What is an Articular Capsule?

Answer 14

It Surrounds the Synovial joint, Encloses the Synovial cavity and Unites the Articulating bones.

Question 15

What is another name for a Articular Capsule?

Answer 15

It is also referred to as a Joint Capsule.

Question 16

What is the Articular Capsule Made up of?

Answer 16

It is made up of an outer “Fibrous membrane” and an Inner “Synovial membrane”.

Question 17

What does the Outer Fibrous membrane consist of?

Answer 17

It usually consist of dense irregular connective tissue, That attaches to the Periosteum of the articulating bones.

Question 18

What is a dislocation of a bone?

Answer 18

This is when the bone is displaced from a joint.

Question 19

What is a ligament?

Answer 19

Some fibres of a fibrous membrane are arranged as a parallel bundles of dense irregular connective tissue that are adapted for resisting strains.
The strength of these fibre bundles is called ligaments.

Question 20

What is the inner portion of the Articular Capsule “Synovial membrane” made of?

Answer 20

It is composed of “Areolar” connective tissue With elastic fibres.
At many Synovial joints there is accumulations of adipose tissue called “Articular Fat Pads”.
An example of this is the Inter-patellar fat pad.

Question 21

What does it mean to be double jointed?

Answer 21

This means that the Articular Capsules and Ligaments have greater flexibility and results in greater ROM.

Question 22

What happens when a Synovial Joint is immobile for a period of time?

Answer 22

The Synovial Fluid becomes viscous.

Question 23

What happens to the Joints when you warm up before exercise?

Answer 23

There is more production in Synovial Fluid and in result there is less stress on the joints before exercise.

Question 24

Besides an Articular capsule and Fluid what do most Synovial joints contain?

Answer 24

This includes:

Accessory Ligaments, Articular Discs, Labra.

Question 25

Besides an Articular capsule and Fluid what do most Synovial joints contain?

Answer 25

This includes:

Accessory Ligaments, Articular Discs, Labra.

Question 26

What are all the types of Accessory Ligaments?

Answer 26

They are Extra-capsular Ligaments and Intra-capsular Ligaments.

Question 27

What are Extra-Capsular Ligaments?

Answer 27

These are Ligaments that lie outside the Articular capsule.

For example: Fibular and tibial ligaments of the knee.

Question 28

What are Intra-capsular Ligaments?

Answer 28

These are Ligaments that occur within the Articular Capsule but are excluded from the Synovial cavity by the fold of the Synovial membrane.

Question 29

What are Intra-capsular Ligaments?

Answer 29

These are Ligaments that occur within the Articular Capsule but are excluded from the Synovial cavity by the fold of the Synovial membrane.
For example: Anterior and posterior Cruciate of the ligaments of the knee.

Question 30

What are Articular Disc / Menisci?

Answer 30

Inside Synovial joints Crescent shaped pads lie between the Articulating surfaces of bones attached to the Fibrous capsule.
The Disc binds strongly to the inside of the fibrous membrane and usually subdivide the synovial cavity into 2 spaces allowing for Separate movements to occur in each space.

Question 31

What can happen to untreated Articular pads / Meniscus?

Answer 31

They most often occur in athletes and can develop into Arthritis.

Question 32

What is a Labrum in the Synovial joints?

Answer 32

Most prominent in the ball and Socket joints of the shoulder and knee.
It’s a Fibrocartilaginous lip that extends from the edge of the joint socket.
It is used for increasing the surface area of contact that the ball like portion has.

Question 33

What are the Functions of the Menisci / Articular Disc?

Answer 33

The 5 Functions:

1: Shock Absorption
2: helps fit the Articulating bones
3: Adaptive surface for combined movements
4: Weight Distribution
5: Distribution of Synovial fluid