Pathologic RBC forms Flashcards
Macro-ovalocytes RBCs - seen in
- megaloblastic anemia (also hypersegmented cells)
2. marrow failure
elliptocyte RBCs - seen in
hereditary elliptocytosis
bite cells - also called
degmacytes
bite cells RBCs - seen in
G6PD deficiency
Ringed sideroblasts RBCs - seen in
sideroblastic anemia
ringed sedrerblasts RBCs - mechanism
Excess iron in mitochrondria
scistocytes RBCs - seen in
- DIC 2. HELLP syndrome 3. TTP/HUS
4. mechanical hemolysis (heart valve prosthesis)
scistocytes RBCs - also called
helmet cells
Basophilic stippling RBCs - seen in
- Lead poisoning
- sideroblastic anema
- Myelodisplastic syndromes
Acanthocytes RBCs - also called
spur cell
Acanthocytes RBCs - seen in
- liver disease
2. abetalipoproteinemia (states of cholesterol dysregulation)
Target RBCs - seen in
- HbC disease 2. asplenia
3. Liver disease 4. Thalassemia
Teardrop RBCs - seen in
bone marrow infiltration (eg. myelofibrosis)
Teardrop RBCs - also called
Dacrocytes
Spherocytes RBCs - seen in
- Hereditary spherocytosis
2. drugs and infection induced hemolytic anemia
Sickle cells RBCs - seen in
sickle cell anemia
sickle cell anemia - sickling occurs with
- dehydration
- deoxygenation
- high altitude
Howell-Jolly bodies - seen in
- asplenia
2. functional hyposplenia
Howell-Jolly bodies - mechanism
Basophilic nuclear remnants found in RBCs.
Normally removed from RBCs by splenic macrophages
Heinz bodies - seen in
- G6PD deficiency
2. Heinz body - like inclusions in α-thalassemia
Heinz bodies - mechanism
Oxidation of HB-SH groups to S-S –> Hb precipitation (Heinz bodies) –> phagocytic damage to RBC membrane –> bite cells
hereditary elliptocytosis - presentation
usually asymptomatic
hereditary elliptocytosis - mechanism
mutation in gene encoding RBC membrane proteins (eg. spectrin)
Echinocytes vs acanthocytes according to image
Echinocytes projection are more uniform and smaller
