Pathognomonic Findings Flashcards
1
Q
Auspitz sign
A
Psoriasis (pinpoint bleeding spots from exposure of dermal papillae when scales are scraped off)
2
Q
heliotrope rash
A
dermatomyositis
3
Q
anti jo 1
A
dermatomyositis and polymyositis
4
Q
Anti dna topoisomerase
A
Diffuse scleroderma
5
Q
Anti centromere
A
CREST
6
Q
anti citrullinated
A
Rheumatoid arthritis (citRUllinated)
7
Q
Schaumann and asteroid bodies
A
Sarcoid (Asteroid has sarcoid)
8
Q
Non caseating granuloma+ increased ACE
A
sarcoid
9
Q
Anti smooth muscle
A
autoimmune hepatitis
10
Q
Antihistone
A
Drug induced lupus
11
Q
dactylitis
A
psoriatic arthritis
12
Q
Assoc with temporal arteritis
A
polymyalgia rheumatica
13
Q
Monosodium urate crystals
A
gout
14
Q
calcium pyrophosphate crystals
A
pseudogout
15
Q
Tophus
A
gout
16
Q
Anti Ro
A
Sjogrens (also anti La) ribonucleoprotein
17
Q
Anti La
A
Sjogrens (also anti Ro) ribonucleoprotein
18
Q
Pannus
A
Rheumatoid Arthritis
19
Q
HLA DR4
A
Rheumatoid Arthritis
20
Q
Double bubble
A
Duodenal atresia or giant cell tumor of bone (epiphysis)
21
Q
Blue cell tumor
A
Ewings sarcoma
22
Q
Onion skin appearance in bone
A
Ewings sarcoma (also PSC and Tay sachs)
23
Q
Glistening mass in medullary cavity
A
chondrosarcoma
24
Q
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
A
(bone is replaced by fibroblast) think McCune Albright
25
Verrucae
warts-- caused by hpv
26
Plaques with silvery scaling
Psoriasis
27
Multiple seborrheic keratoses (stuck on)
Indicates underyling malignancy
28
Honey colored crusting
impetigo
29
IgG AB against desmoglein 3
pemphigus vulgaris
30
IgG against hemidesmisomes
bullous pemphigoid (antibodies are BULLOw the epidermis)
31
christmas tree distribution rash
Pityriasis Rosea
32
Colles fracture
Osteoporosis (can happen otherwise but very common in osteoporosis)
33
Chalk stick fracture
Pagets disease
34
Mosaic bone pattern
Pagets disease
35
Sun burst appearance on xray
Osteosarcoma
36
Pleiomorphic cells that produce osteoid
Osteosarcoma
37
Soap bubble appearance on x ray
Giant cell tumor of bone (epiphysis; knee region)
38
Polished ivory appearance of bone
Osteoarthritis
39
Bamboo spine
Ankylosing spondylitis
40
Wichams striae
Lichen planus (reticular white lines on surface)
41
Postauricular lymphadenopathy
Rubella (when speaking about child with rash)
42
Cherry red appearance of skin?
CO poisoining
43
String of pearls?
Polyarteritis nodosa; PCOS; small bowel obstruction
44
Strawberry cervix?
Trichimonas
45
Strawberry tongue?
Kawasaki, Toxic Shock Syndrome, Scarlet Fever
46
p anca?
Microscopic polyangitis (no granulomas); Churg Strauss; ulcerative colitis
47
Vasculitis with IgA deposition?
Henoch Shonlein Purpura
48
Targetoid rash?
Erythema multiforme or Lyme disease
49
Charcot leyden crystals?
Asthma-- eosinophilic breakdown in sputum
50
Honey comb lung on xray?
Interstitial fibrosis
51
Egg shell calcification?
Silicosis
52
Ivory white calcified pleural plaque?
Asbestosis
53
Chocolate agar blood and cyanosis?
Methemoglobin
54
Golden brown fusiform rods--dumbbell shaped
Asbestos bodies (iron deposits)
55
Hemosiderin laden macrophages?
Heart failure cells--macrophages consume blood-->build up of iron
56
Nutmeg liver?
Right Heart Failure
57
Fixed splitting
ASD
58
Boot shaped heart on xray?
Tetralogy of Fallot
59
Hurthle cells
Hashimotos (also see lymphocytic infilitrates with germinal centers)
60
Pretibial myxedema?
Hyperthyroidism
61
Antimicrosomal antibody?
Hashimotos (also see antithyroglobulin)
62
Antithyroglobulin antibody?
Hashimotos
63
Dense core bodies
Carcinoid tumor
64
Regenerative nodules and bridging fibrosis?
Cirrhosis
65
Elevated creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) and MB band
Acute MI
66
"Bread and butter" appearance, granular
Fibrinous pericarditis
67
Cystic medial necrosis, CT weakness underlying aortic dissection
Marfan's
68
Amorphous deposits of pale pink material between myocardial fibers
Amyloid (cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy)
69
Splinter hemorrhages and Roth spots (petechiae in retina)
Subacute endocarditis
70
Interstitial lymphocytic infiltrates / heart
Viral myocarditis
71
Aschoff bodies (foci of enlarged cells surrounded by collage, lymphocytes, plasma cells)
Rheumatic fever
72
Fish mouth shape due to chronic rheumatic scarring
Mitral valve affected by RHD
73
Bird beak and lymphocytic infiltration at Auerbach plexus
Achalasia
74
Squamous to columnar epithelium, goblet cells
Barrett's esophagus
75
Whorled appearance
Leiomyoma (eg benign esophageal tumor)
76
Signet ring appearance
Gastric adenocarcinoma
77
Absent rugae
Linitis plastica
78
Villous atrophy
Celiac disease
79
Skip lesions
Crohn's
80
Crypt abscesses and pseudopolyps
Ulcerative colitis
81
Frond-like appearance without nuclear atypia
Peutz-Jegher's syndrome
82
Cauliflower appearance due to elongated glandular structures
Villous adenoma
83
Episodic elevations in serum amino transferase
Hepatitis C
84
Ground glass hepatocytes
Hepatitis B
85
Muddy red, mushy appearance with blotchy bile staining, collapsed reticulin framework and preserved portal tracts
Fulminant liver
86
Yellow and greasy liver
Hepatic steatosis
87
Mallory bodies (eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions)
Alcoholic liver disease (Wilsons and NASH have these, too)
88
"Alligator skin" like mucosal changes
Gastric varices
89
Iron deposits appear blue; "bronze diabetes"
Hemochromatosis
90
Kayser-Fleischer ring (and Mallory bodies)
Wilson's disease
91
Round/oval cytoplasmic globular inclusions in hepatocytes, strongly PAS+
Alpha 1 anti-trypsin deficiency
92
+anti mitochondrial antibody
Primary biliary cirrhosis
93
Barium --> beaded appearance in biliary tree; assoc w ulcerative colitis; "onion skin" like appearance Increased risk of Cholangiocarcinoma
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
94
CA 19-9 and CA 50
Cholangiocarcinoma
95
Abnormal deposition of cholesterol and TG-filled macrophages in lamina propria of GB; "strawberry gallbladder"
Cholesterolosis
96
Shaggy, roughened mucosal surface or "porcelain" appearance; Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses in muscularis
Chronic cholecystitis
97
"Onion skin" like; concentric peri-ductal fibrosis
Ascending cholangitis
98
No epithelial lining
Pancreatic pseudocyst
99
Sheets of cells with uniform nuclei and eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm with PAS+ eosinophilic inclusions (similar to carcinoid) Cystic areas between cells..
Solid pseudopapillary tumor
100
Honeycombed, Von Hippel Lindau syndrome (cysts and hemangioblastomas), cysts contain ciliates, cuboidal epithelium
Serous cystadenoma
