Path: Neuromuscular, Head and Neck Flashcards
T/F: A right coronary artery stroke will lead to left eye problems.
False
Ipsilateral eye
Contralateral hand
What is the biggest risk factor for a stroke?
Uncontrolled hypertension
Which type of stroke is caused by an embolism in the brain?
Ischemic stroke (80%)
T/F: Subarachnoid hemorrhage is normally a traumatic injury?
False
Normally caused by ruptured aneurism - CIRCLE of WILLIS
T/F: The majority of brain hematomas are in the epidural region.
False
Subdural
Which artery is often implicated in an epidural hematoma?
Middle meningeal
T/F: Epidural hematoma involves a lucid interval.
True
What is the triad of symptoms for meningitis?
- Fever
- Headache
- Neck stiffness
What is the most common primary malignant brain tumor?
Glioblastoma multiforme
What is the most common primary benign tumor of the brain?
Meningioma
When is a Schwanoma called an Acoustic Schwanoma?
When its on CN VIII
What is caused by Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?
Causes demyelination in the CNS - White Matter
How is MS diagnosed?
Two separate CNS lesions on two or more occasions
What disease causes PNS demyelination?
Guillan-Barre syndrome (GBS)
Which receptors are effected in a patient with Myesthenia Gravis?
AcCh receptors on postsynaptic side of NMJ
Young women, old men
What tumor is more common in patients with MG?
Thymus
What are the hallmarks of Alzheimer’s?
Amyloid plaques and nuerofibrillary tangles
What are the four clinical signs of Parkinson’s?
- Resting tremor
- Rigidity
- Akinesia
- Shuffling gait
Which part of the brainstem is effected by Parkinson’s?
Substantia nigra
T/F: Parkinson’s results from a deficiency in dopamine.
True
What is the histological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease?
Lewey bodies
What are the two organisms that will cause otitis media?
- H. influenza
2. Strep. pneumonia
Where are 80% of salivary gland tumors?
Parotid gland (serous, CN IX)
What nerve is a concern when removing a salivary gland tumor?
Facial nerve running through the parotid
What is the most common salivary benign tumor?
Benign mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenoma)
What is the most common salivary malignancy?
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
What is another name for papillary cystadenoma lyphomatosum?
Warthin’s Tumor
2nd most common benign salivary tumor
T/F: Warthin’s tumors are often seen bilaterally at different times.
True
_______ patients are referred to as pink puffers. _______ patients are referred to as blue bloaters.
Emphysema; chronic bronchitis
T/F: Emphysema patients produce excess sputum.
False
Chronic bronchitis
What is the definition of chronic bronchitis?
Chronic productive cough for at least 3 months of the year for 2 years
What two conditions make up asthma?
- Acute reversible bronchoconstriction
2. Chronic inflammation of airways
What causes most restrictive lung disorders?
Exposures (pneumoconiosis)
Most inhalers for acute asthma are what type of drug?
B2 agonists
What is the most common/serious pneumoconiosis
Silicosis
Which type of organism causes Tb?
Mycobacterium (no cell wall)
What is the number one symptom of Tb?
Night sweats
What is the most common cause of pneumonia in infants?
RSV
T/F: Bacterial pneumonia is typically more serious than viral.
True
Strep
Smoking will cause what type of lung cancer?
Small cell (oat cell) or squamous cell carcinoma
T/F: Small cell carcinoma is related to paraneoplastic syndromes.
True
Most aggressive lung cancer
T/F: Peripheral lung cancers (adenocarcinoma, large cell) are highly associated with smoking.
False
