Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NBDE Part 1 > Anatomy: Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Anatomy: Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Which cranial nerve innervates a contralateral muscle (decussates)?

A

Trochlear nerve (CN IV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which cranial nerve does eye movement, accommodation, and pupil constriction (miosis?

A

Oculomotor (CN III)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which cranial nerve innervates only the superior oblique muscle?

A

Trochlear (CN IV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which cranial nerve innervates only the lateral rectus muscle?

A

Abducens (CN VI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the abducens nerve?

A

Innervates lateral rectus which abducts the eye (points it out)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which nerves allow for the gag reflex?

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) - sensory

Vagus (CN X) - motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If there is a lesion to a cranial nerve affecting the tongue which way will the tongue deviate?

A

Towards the lesion

Tongue Toward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If there is a lesion to the vagus nerve (CN X), which way will the uvula deviate?

A

Away from the lesion

Uvula Away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which part of the colon is innervated by the vagus nerve?

A

Ascending and first 2/3 of transverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What functions are stimulated by the accessory nerve (CN XI)?

A

Head turning, shoulder shrugging (SCM and trapezius)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where do the fibers from the optic nerve travel to?

A

The lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus -> occipital cortex

*some go to the pretectal nucleus for CN III stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the pathway for CN III (oculomotor)?

A

Pupillary fibers start in the Edinger-Westphal nucleus (midbrain) -> ciliary ganglion -> eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which nerve and muscle provide for intorsion of the eye?

A

Trochlear (CN IV) and superior oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A patient with right superior oblique palsy (right superior oblique muscle doesn’t work) would compensate how?

A

Tilt head to the left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the branches of V3?

A

Auriculotemporal, long buccal, lingual, IAN, nerve to mylohyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three major branches of V1?

A

Nasocilliary
Frontal
Lacrimal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the two branches of the frontal nerve (via V1)?

A

Supraorbital and supratrochlear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What type of facial paralysis would be seen if there was an upper motor neuron injury (stroke, supranuclear) to the facial nerve (CN VII)?

A

Contralatteral paralysis to lower face only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What type of injury is Bell’s palsy?

A

Lower motor neuron injury - will affect ipsilateral of whole face

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which cranial nerve opens the eye?

A

Oculomotor (CN III) via levator muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which cranial nerve closes the eye?

A

Facial (CN VII) via obicularis oculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the 5 sensory branches of the facial nerve?

A
  1. Temporal
  2. Zygomatic
  3. Buccal
  4. Mandibular
  5. Cervical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The greater petrosal nerve is a branch of which cranial nerve?

A

Facial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What types of sensory fibers are carried via the greater petrosal nerve?

A

Taste and parasympathetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Where does the greater petrosal provide taste?

A

Palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How does the greater petrosal provide parasympathetic innervation for lacrimation?

A

Superior salivatory nucleus -> greater petrosal -> pterygopalatine ganglion -> lacrimal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What structure does the chorda tympani pass through before joining the lingual nerve?

A

petrotympanic fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

T/F: Both the chorda tympani and greater petrosal have taste and parasympathetic functions.

A

True

CT - ant 2/3 of tongue and salivation (submandibular and sublingual)

GP - palate and lacrimation

29
Q

What is the only muscle that the glossopharyngeal (CN IX) will give motor innervation to?

A

Stylopharyngeal muscle

30
Q

The glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) joins which branch of V3?

A

Auriculotemporal nerve

Encircles middle meningeal artery to join auriculotemporal on its way to parotid gland

31
Q

What is the course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve on the right and left sides?

A

Right - loops around subclavian

Left - loops around aorta

32
Q

Which tongue muscle is not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)?

A

Palatoglossus (CN X)

33
Q

T/F: The lingual artery runs with the nerve and vein, just lateral to the hyoglossus muscle.

A

False

The artery is medial to the hyoglossus

34
Q

Which structure is crossed twice by the lingual nerve?

A

Submandibular duct

35
Q

All sensory info for the face is relayed through which part of the thalamus?

A

VPM

VPL for the body

36
Q

What information goes to the spinal trigeminal nucleus?

A

Pain and temperature

37
Q

T/F: Trigeminal fibers relaying proprioception synapse in the trigeminal ganglia.

A

False

Go straight to mesencephalic nucleus

38
Q

Which nerve gives motor innervation to the ear?

A

V3

Tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani

39
Q

Where are the preganglionic cell bodies of the sympathetic nervous system?

A

In the thoracic and lumbar regions

40
Q

T/F: The sympathetic nervous system will have short preganglionic neurons that synapse at a ganglion with the longer post ganglionic neuron.

A

True

Parasympathetics also have pre- and post- but the preganglionic neurons are longer

41
Q

Which types of neurons will release acetylcholine at the site of action?

A

postganglionic parasympathetic

42
Q

Where do the preganglionic sympathetics for the head and neck synapse?

A

Superior cervical ganglion at angle of mandible

43
Q

The facial nerve (greater petrosal) goes through the _________ on its way to the lacrimal gland.

A

pterygoid canal

44
Q

Which nerve joins the greater petrosal in the pterygoid canal carrying sympathetic fibers?

A

nerve of the pyterygoid canal (or deep petrosal nerve) (via superior cervical ganglion)

45
Q

Where are the preganglionic cell bodies for parasympathetic nerves found?

A

Cranial and sacral regions

46
Q

What is the pathway for the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Inferior salivatory nucleus -> lesser petrosal nerve -> otic ganglion -> joins auriculotemporal nerve -> parotid gland

47
Q

Which two nerves carry fibers from the nucleus ambiguus? What is the function of this nucleus?

A

Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) and Vagus (CN X); swallowing

48
Q

Parasympathetics to the lacrimal, nasal, and palatine glands involves which ganglion?

A

Pterygopalatine

49
Q

What are the four ganglia involved in parasympathetics to the head?

A
  1. Ciliary ganglion (CN III)
  2. Pterygopalatine ganglion (CN VII)
  3. Submandibular ganglion (CN VII)
  4. Otic ganglion (CN IX)
50
Q

Parasympathetic fibers from CN VII pass through the pterygoid canal as the _________ to synapse with the pterygopalatine ganglion.

A

nerve of pterygoid canal (vidian nerve)

formed by greater petrosal (parasympathetics via CN VII) and deep petrosal (sympathetics from trunk)

51
Q

Which structure does the nerve of the pterygoid canal pass over?

A

Foramen lacerum

52
Q

Which nucleus provides parasympathetics to the abdominal and thoracic viscera via the vagus nerve (CN X)?

A

Dorsal motor nucleus

53
Q

Afferent fibers to the glossopharyngeal nerve come from which 5 structures?

A

Carotid sinus, carotid body, tympanic membrane, posterior 1/3 of tongue and walls of the pharynx

54
Q

T/F: The accessory nerve contains only efferent fibers.

A

True

55
Q

The ___________ arises from the vagus nerve and divides into the internal and external laryngeal nerve.

A

superior laryngeal nerve

56
Q

The superior laryngeal nerve arises from which ganglion?

A

inferior vagal ganglion

57
Q

The __________ travels through the thyrohyoid membrane to supply the larynx superior to the vocal chords.

A

internal laryngeal nerve

58
Q

Which cranial nerves supply sensory nerves to the carotid sinus?

A

Glossopharyngeal (IX) and Vagus (X)

59
Q

The glossopharyngeal nerve innervates the stylopharyngeus with ________ fibers from _________ (which nucleus).

A

SVE; nucleus ambiguus

60
Q

Which nerve provides motor innervation for the muscles of the vocal chords and sensory innervation for larynx inferior to the vocal chords?

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve (via CN X)

61
Q

The _________ is a branch of V2 that also carries parasympathetics from the facial nerve to the lacrimal gland.

A

zygomatic nerve

62
Q

Which cranial nerve is the only one to exit the brainstem dorsally?

A

Trochlear nerve (IV)

also thinnest and longest cranial nerve

63
Q

Where do preganglionic sympathetic nerves for the head and neck synapse?

A

Superior cervical ganglion (angle of mandible)

64
Q

Which nerves carry parasympathetic fibers?

A

3, 7, 9, 10

65
Q

Which nucleus provides sensory fibers for taste?

A

Solitary tract via CN 7, 9, 10

66
Q

What is the first synapse of the optic nerve?

A

Lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus (LGN)

67
Q

At what point does the auriculotemporal nerve join the lesser petrosal nerve?

A

As it encircles the middle meningeal artery

68
Q

Which branches of V1 innervate the upper eyelid?

A

Supraorbital and supratrochlear via frontal nerve

69
Q

Which nucleus deals with swallowing?

A

Nucleus ambiguus via CN 9 and 10

NBDE Part 1 (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions