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NBDE Part 1 > Oral Histology > Flashcards

Oral Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the oral mucosa layers from outer to inner?

A

Cali Girls String Bikinis

Corneum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale

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2
Q

Langerhans cells often extend into which layer of oral mucosa?

A

Spinosum

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3
Q

The basement membrane of oral mucosa contains _____ collagen and _________.

A

type IV; laminin

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4
Q

T/F: All oral mucosa contains stratified squamous epithelium.

A

True

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5
Q

T/F: Gingiva contains keratinized tissue.

A

True

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6
Q

The ______ separates the attached and unattached gingiva.

A

free gingival groove

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7
Q

The intersection of epithelial rete pegs causes visible ________ in some patients.

A

stippling

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8
Q

Which parts of the mouth have keratinized tissue?

A

Gingiva, hard palate, lips

some on dorsal tongue

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9
Q

T/F: The dentogingival junction is an attachment of epithelium only.

A

False

Epithelium and connective tissue

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10
Q

T/F: Sulcular epithelium is keratinized.

A

False

Sulcular and junctional epithelium are not keratinized

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11
Q

Which type of collagen makes up the majority of dentogingival connective tissue?

A

Type 1 collagen

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12
Q

_________ fan laterally from cementum into the adjacent CT.

A

Dentogingival fibers

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13
Q

___________ fan coronally from the alveolar crest into the adjacent CT.

A

Alveologingival

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14
Q

__________ extend from cementum over the alveolar crest, and turn apically to insert into the periosteum of the buccal side of alveolar bone.

A

Dentoperiosteal fibers

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15
Q

___________ surround the tooth in a circular fashion.

A

Circumferential

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16
Q

T/F: Cementum has more mineral composition than dentin.

A

False

Dentin = 70% mineralized
Cementum = 55% mineralized
Bone = 50% mineralized
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17
Q

Which is the only component of the tooth that comes from ectoderm?

A

Enamel

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18
Q

The dental papilla forms what parts of the tooth?

A

Pulp and dentin

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19
Q

The dental follicle forms which parts of the tooth?

A

Cementum, alveolar bone, PDL

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20
Q

The __________ is the dentin layer found closest to the DEJ.

A

mantle dentin

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21
Q

The mantle dentin contains which type of collagen?

A

Type 1 (large-diameter)

*Predentin

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22
Q

What is sclerotic dentin?

A

Several dentinal tubules become occluded with peritubular dentin

Happens over time and reduces pulpal sensitivity

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23
Q

T/F: Dentin tubules are straight all the way through the dentin.

A

False

Most coronal portion follows as S-shape (primary curvature)

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24
Q

T/F: There are more dentin tubules concentrated at the pulp than the DEJ.

A

True

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25
Q

Reparative dentin contains which type of collagen?

A

Type I and III

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26
Q

_________ is all of the dentin formed from the mantle dentin to the pulp.

A

Circumpulpal

encircles the pulp

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27
Q

What are the classifications of primary, secondary, and tertiary dentin?

A

Primary - formed prior to root completion
Secondary - formed after root completion
Tertiary - reparative

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28
Q

________ dentin is hypomineralized and makes up the majority of the dentin in the tooth.

A

intertubular

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29
Q

T/F: Interglobular dentin is hypermineralized.

A

False

Hypomineralized

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30
Q

What three things will increase with aging on dentin?

A

Sclerotic dentin, reparative dentin, dead tracts

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31
Q

T/F: Dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia are inherited as autosomal dominant defects.

A

True

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32
Q

In a patient with __________ the root dentin is affected the most causing roots to be short, blunt, or absent.

A

dentin dysplasia

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33
Q

__________ constitutes about 90% of enamel matrix protein secreted.

A

Amelogenin

34
Q

T/F: Ameloblasts become elongated and the organelles become polarized before the same happens to odontoblasts.

35
Q

T/F: The oldest enamel will be found at the DEJ.

A

True

Under cusp or cingulum

36
Q

When does ameloblastic activity start?

A

Immediately after mantle dentin formation

37
Q

What are formed around enamel matrix proteins as the ameloblasts retreat?

A

Tomes’ processes

38
Q

Each enamel rod is formed by how many ameloblasts?

39
Q

What is gnarled enamel?

A

Enamel rods appear twisted at cusp tips

40
Q

What forms after enamel maturation to protect the enamel until eruption?

A

Reduced enamel epithelium (Nasmyth’s membrane)

41
Q

How fast is enamel matrix produced?

A

4 micrometers/day

42
Q

Perikymata are formed on the enamel surface where ___________ reach the surface.

A

striae of retzius

43
Q

________ are alternating light and dark lines that is only an optical phenomena.

A

Hunter-Schreger bands

44
Q

T/F: Enamel tufts will extend from the DEJ to the enamel surface.

A

False

Tufts go slightly into enamel

Lamellae can go all the way to the surface

45
Q

________ are trapped odontoblastic processes in the enamel.

A

Enamel spindles

46
Q

T/F: Hypoplastic enamel will have abnormal thickness/pitting.

A

True

Defect in matrix formation

47
Q

T/F: Hypocalcified enamel has normal thickness, but is soft.

A

True

Defect in mineralization

48
Q

If concentrations of _________ are too high in enamel it will lead to enamel mottling and a brownish pigment.

49
Q

What are two enamel malformations in patients with congenital syphilis?

A

Hutchinson incisors and mulberry molars

50
Q

What is the Hutchinson’s triad of congenital syphilis?

A
  1. Blindness
  2. Deafness
  3. Dental anomalies
51
Q

What is the outer most layer of the pulp?

A

Odontoblastic zone - single layer of odontoblasts

52
Q

What zone of the pulp is between the Odontoblastic zone and the cell-rich zone?

A

Cell-free zone of Weil - contains nerves and blood vessels

53
Q

The cell-rich zone of the pulp contains _______.

A

fibroblasts

54
Q

T/F: Elastic fibers are prevalent in the pulp core.

A

False

Collagen I and III

55
Q

What is the difference between a true and false denticle (pulp stone)?

A

True - surround dentin tubule or odontoblastic process

False - surround dead cells or collagen

56
Q

What are the two major effects of aging on the pulp?

A
  1. increase in collagen and calcification

2. decrease in size

57
Q

T/F: Cementum is avascular.

58
Q

________ provide attachment for teeth.

A

Sharpey’s fibers

59
Q

During root formation, ectomesenchyme cells from the dental follicle migrate through gaps in ___________ and differentiate to _________.

A

Hertwig’s epithelial sheath; cementoblasts

60
Q

T/F: Cementum is constantly produced at the apical portion of the root.

61
Q

T/F: Primary cementum can sometimes be vascular.

A

False

Primary - coronal and always avascular

Secondary - apical and can be either vascularized or avascularized

62
Q

Where are you most likely to find acellular cementum?

63
Q

T/F: Extrinsic fibers are produced by cementum.

A

False

Intrinsic - produced by cementum; parallel to tooth surface

Extrinsic - produced by PDL; perpendicular to tooth surface

64
Q

T/F: Extrinsic fibers are known as Sharpey’s fibers as they get trapped in cementum.

65
Q

T/F: In most patients the cementum overlaps with the enamel.

66
Q

What is the alveolar bone proper?

A

Cortical bone immediately surrounding teeth with Sharpey’s fibers

(bundle bone, lamina dura, cribriform plate)

67
Q

What is the difference between the cortical plates and cancellous bone of alveolar bone?

A

Cortical plates form the buccal and lingual outer surfaces

Cancellous bone is the spongy (trabecular) bone that fills in

68
Q

T/F: Cortical bone is thicker in the mandible and posterior regions.

69
Q

Roughly how wide is the PDL?

70
Q

What are the three components of the periodontium?

A

Cementum, PDL, alveolar bone proper

71
Q

T/F: The PDL is vascular.

72
Q

What is the most common cell of the PDL?

A

Fibroblasts

73
Q

T/F: The PDL has cells for both cementum and bone remodeling.

74
Q

What are Epithelial rests of Malassez?

A

Remnants of HERS

75
Q

What are the two types of collagen fibers in the that make up the principle collagen fibers of the PDL?

A

Type I and some type 3

76
Q

What are the 6 principle PDL fibers?

A
  1. Transseptal - tooth-tooth over AV crest
  2. Alveolar crest - AV crest-tooth
  3. Horizontal
  4. Oblique
  5. Apical
  6. Interradicular - in furcations of multirooted teeth
77
Q

Which principle fibers are the most abundant and resist the majority of masticatory forces?

A

Oblique fibers

78
Q

What is the primary source of PDL vasculature?

A

Periosteal vessels

79
Q

PDLs of almost all teeth drain lymphatics to the submandibular nodes. Which are the exception?

A

Mandibular incisors - submental nodes

80
Q

T/F: PDL will thicken with age.

A

False

Gets thinner

81
Q

T/F: Teeth in hyperfunction will have an increased PDL width.

NBDE Part 1 (31 decks)

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