Anatomy Decks - 4/5 Flashcards
The afferent lymphatic vessels enter on the _______ surface of the node.
convex
T/F: The major lymph organs do not have numerous afferent vessels like the nodes.
True
T/F: T cells are produced in the lymph nodes.
False
Produced in marrow, mature in thymus
T/F: The submental, submandibular, parotid, mastoid and occipital nodes receive most drainage from the superficial face and scalp.
True
All lymph from head and neck ultimately drains into the ________.
deep cervical nodes
When antigen recognition occurs by a lymphocyte, B cells are activated and migrate to which part of the lymph node?
Germinal centers
T/F: The spleen is responsible for storing iron and blood platelets.
True
Blood enters the spleen at the ________ via the ________.
hilum; splenic artery
Splenic and lymph node enlargement is common in patients with ______, caused by EBV.
Infectious mononucleousis (mono)
T/F: Pharyngeal tonsils (adenoids) are covered with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
False
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar
NO crypts
T/F: Lingual tonsils have many crypts.
False
One/tonsil
T/F: The diaphysis is the long shaft of a bone.
True
Contains yellow marrow
T/F: Red marrow is found in the diaphysis of long bones.
False
Cranial bones, vertebrae, ribs, etc and ends of long bones
T/F: The average lifespan of RBCs is 30 days.
False
120 days
Formed elements include _______ (3 things).
leukocytes, platelets, RBCs
Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas.
Order of abundance of leukocytes in blood.
Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils
_______ make up over half of the plasma proteins.
Albumins
T/F: Articular cartilage = hyaline cartilage.
True
T/F: The TMJ contains hyaline cartilage.
False
Fibrocartilage
Which joints allow for NO movement? YES movement?
NO - atlantoaxial
YES - atlanto-occipital
The renal _______ connects the kidney with the ureter.
pelvis
T/F: Urine flows from the minor calyx -> major calyx -> pelvis -> ureter.
True
Describe the development of the kidney?
Goes through phases
pronephros -> mesonephros -> metanephros
What all goes through the optic canal/foramen?
Optic nerve and opthalmic artery
_________ is located posteriorly between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone.
The superior orbital fissure
The _______ is the ridge that marks the bifurcation of the trachea into the right and left primary bronchi.
carina
at level of sternal angle
What type of epithelium lines the trachea?
Ciliated pseudostratified
T/F: The right lung is larger and heavier than the left.
True
The ______ bronchus is more likely to receive aspirated material.
right
It is more vertical and in line with the trachea
The right main bronchus divides into _______ lobar bronchi, and the left main bronchus divides into ________ lobar bronchi.
three; two
What are the components of the respiratory zone?
respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveoli
T/F: The terminal bronchioles are part of the respiratory zone.
False
Conducting
T/F: All of the paranasal sinuses drain into the nasal cavity via the meatuses.
False
Sphenoidal sinus does not
The maxillary sinus drains into the ______ meatus through the _________.
middle; semilunar hiatus
The conchae of the nasal fossa are lined with _________ epithelium.
pseudostratified ciliated columnar
The __________ runs from the cricoid cartilage to the thyroid cartilage and is cut during an emergency tracheotomy.
median cricothyroid ligament
What is the role of surfactant?
Reduce cohesive force of H2O and lower surface tension
Which newborn disease involves insufficient surfactant production?
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
What are the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery?
Maxillary and superficial temporal
What are the branches of the external carotid artery from inferior to superior?
- Superior thyroid
- Lingual
- Facial
- Posterior auricular
- Maxillary
- Superficial temporal
T/F: The right common carotid arises from the aortic arch directly.
False
Right CC - brachiocephalic trunk
Left CC - aortic arch
The two vertebral arteries are branches of the _________ arteries.
subclavian
The two vertebral arteries converge to become the __________ which supplies the posterior brain.
basilar artery
The carotid sinus baroreceptors are innervated by a branch of which cranial nerve?
CN IX
The aortic body is innervated by which cranial nerve?
CN X
The lenticulostriate arteries are branches of the ______ and are the most often implicated in a stroke.
MCA
A _______ is a small blood vessel similar to a capillary but with a discontinuous endothelium.
sinusoid
T/F: Sinusoids have a smaller lumen than capillaries.
False
Larger
T/F: Sinusoids are likely to be found in the spleen, bone marrow, and parathyroid glands.
True
What is the most functional part of the tunica media in large arteries? Small arteries?
Large - elastic fibers
Small - smooth muscle
The ________ brings oxygenated blood to the liver, while the ___________ brings food-laden blood from the abdominal viscera.
hepatic artery; hepatic portal vein
All the blood supplied to the liver from hepatic arteries and the portal vein drain via the ____________ to the ________.
hepatic veins; inferior vena cava
The highest pressure of circulating blood flow is in the _______.
arteries
The greatest drop in blood pressure occurs at the transition from ________.
arteries to arterioles
Which five arteries supply the palatine tonsils?
- dorsal lingual (lingual)
- ascending palatine (facial)
- tonsillar branch (facial)
- ascending pharyngeal (ECA)
- lesser palatine
In the oral region, the lingual artery is usually found between which two muscles.
hyoglossus and genioglossus
Motor innervation for the tongue is provided by which nerve?
CN XII
*except palatoglossus (CN X)
What is the origin of all arteries that supply the stomach?
Celiac artery via abdominal aorta
What are the three terminal branches of the celiac artery?
Splenic, left gastric, common hepatic
What arteries supply the lesser curvature of the stomach?
Right gastric (common hepatic), left gastric
What arteries supply the greater curvature of the stomach?
right gastroepiploic (gastroduodenal, common hepatic), left gastroepiploic (splenic), short gastric (splenic)
The internal thoracic artery is a branch of the _________.
Subclavian artery
The internal thoracic artery divides into which two arteries at the 6th intercostal space?
Superior epigastric and musculophrenic
